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xiii | |
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xxxv | |
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Table of Conventions, Treaties, etc |
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xlv | |
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1 The Basic Concepts of Personal Property Law |
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1 | (32) |
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1 | (1) |
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II Subdividing Personal Property |
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2 | (4) |
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A Tangible and Intangible Assets |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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i Documentary Intangibles |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (2) |
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iii Equity and Debt Securities |
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5 | (1) |
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III Ownership, Possession and Legal Title |
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6 | (13) |
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6 | (1) |
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i What Type of Right is Ownership? |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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iii Constructive Possession |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (4) |
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IV Equitable Title under a Trust |
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19 | (6) |
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20 | (2) |
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B Creation of an Express Trust |
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22 | (2) |
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C Uses of the Trust in Commercial Contexts |
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24 | (1) |
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V Original Modes of Acquisition |
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25 | (6) |
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25 | (5) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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2 Transfer of Legal Title to Tangibles |
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33 | (22) |
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33 | (1) |
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II Passage of Property under Sale of Goods Act 1979 |
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33 | (17) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (3) |
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ii Section 20A: Quasi-Specific Goods |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (1) |
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D Reservation of the Right of Disposal |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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A Transferring Possession |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (2) |
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3 Nemo Dat Quod Non Habet |
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55 | (26) |
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55 | (1) |
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II Exceptions to Nemo Dat |
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56 | (22) |
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56 | (1) |
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i Estoppel by Representation of Authority to Sell, or of Ownership |
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57 | (1) |
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ii Estoppel by Negligence |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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i Sale by a Mercantile Agent |
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60 | (3) |
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ii Pledge by a Mercantile Agent |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (2) |
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D Sale under a Power of Sale |
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66 | (1) |
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E Sale by a Seller or Buyer in Possession |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (3) |
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70 | (3) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (1) |
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4 Assignment of Legal Choses in Action |
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81 | (36) |
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81 | (1) |
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II Statutory (Legal) Assignment |
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82 | (6) |
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84 | (1) |
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B Writing and Notice Requirements |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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C Equity and Debt Securities |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (11) |
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88 | (3) |
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B Requirements of Equitable Assignment |
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91 | (1) |
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i Assignment of Debts: The Pre-Judicature Act Rules |
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91 | (3) |
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ii The `Every Efforts' Doctrine |
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94 | (4) |
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iii The Relevance of Notice |
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98 | (1) |
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iv The Relevance of Consideration |
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99 | (1) |
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IV `Subject to Equities' and Priority Rules |
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99 | (7) |
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100 | (3) |
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103 | (3) |
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V Non-Assignable Choses in Action |
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106 | (10) |
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A Non-Assignability in Law |
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106 | (3) |
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B Non-Assignability by Contract |
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109 | (7) |
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116 | (1) |
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5 Disposition of Subsisting Equitable Interests |
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117 | (10) |
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117 | (1) |
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II Five Scenarios: When is Writing Required? |
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118 | (6) |
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A The `Plain Vanilla' Case |
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118 | (1) |
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B Directions to the Trustee to Hold on Trust |
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118 | (1) |
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C Contracts for Valuable Consideration: Sales of Equitable Interests |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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III Surrender v Disclaimer |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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6 Negotiation and Negotiable Instruments |
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127 | (26) |
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127 | (1) |
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II What is a Negotiable Instrument? |
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128 | (3) |
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A Examples of Negotiable Instrument |
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128 | (1) |
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i Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes |
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128 | (1) |
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ii Two Senses of Negotiation: Bills of Exchange and Bills of Lading |
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129 | (1) |
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B Becoming a Negotiable Instrument |
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130 | (1) |
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III Transfer and Operation of Bills of Exchange |
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131 | (14) |
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A Transfer of a Bill of Exchange |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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ii Mere Holders of Bills of Exchange |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (3) |
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136 | (3) |
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B Liability and Enforcement |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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IV Negotiation of Bills of Lading |
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145 | (3) |
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V Commercial Uses of Bills of Exchange |
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148 | (5) |
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A Documentary and Negotiation Credits |
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148 | (3) |
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B Electronic Bills of Exchange and Electronic Negotiation |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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7 Defective Transfers and Payments |
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153 | (30) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (3) |
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156 | (18) |
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A Voluntary Conveyance and Purchase Money Trusts |
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157 | (1) |
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i Presumption of Resulting Trust |
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157 | (1) |
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ii Presumption of Advancement |
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158 | (2) |
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iii Disallowing Reliance on the Presumptions: Illegality |
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160 | (4) |
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B Automatic Resulting Trusts |
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164 | (1) |
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C The Basis for the Resulting Trust |
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165 | (1) |
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i Presumed Resulting Trusts |
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165 | (5) |
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ii Automatic Resulting Trusts---Failure of Basis |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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iv Void Contracts: Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale v Islington LBC |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (7) |
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A Instances of Voidability |
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174 | (1) |
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i Induced Flaws in the Claimant's Intention: Misrepresentation, Duress and Undue Influence |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (2) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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C What Type of Interest is a Power? |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (2) |
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8 Protection of Legal Title via Tort Law |
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183 | (26) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (19) |
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A What Property can be Converted? |
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184 | (4) |
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B Acts Counting as Conversion |
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188 | (4) |
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C Entitlement to Sue in Conversion |
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192 | (3) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (4) |
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199 | (1) |
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iii Restitutionary Damages |
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200 | (1) |
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iv Defences: Allowances for Improvements and Change of Position |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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vii Recaption: Self-Help Remedies |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (3) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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IV Replevin and Reversionary Injury |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (2) |
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9 Protection of Equitable Title: Remedies for Misdirected Property |
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209 | (30) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (15) |
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212 | (1) |
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i Physical Substitutions and Mixtures |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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215 | (1) |
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i Mixtures---Innocent Victim against Fiduciary |
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216 | (1) |
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ii Mixtures---Two Innocent Contributors |
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217 | (2) |
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iii Overdrawn Bank Accounts |
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219 | (2) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (2) |
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III Proprietary Claims Contingent on Tracing |
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225 | (4) |
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A The Basis of the Claim: Property or Unjust Enrichment |
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225 | (2) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (2) |
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231 | (6) |
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231 | (2) |
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233 | (4) |
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237 | (2) |
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10 Bailment and Attornment |
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239 | (24) |
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239 | (1) |
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239 | (15) |
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A Prerequisites of Bailment |
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240 | (2) |
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B Relationship between the Bailor and Bailee |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (3) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (3) |
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C Termination of Bailment |
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250 | (1) |
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D Rights against Third Parties |
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250 | (3) |
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E Involuntary Bailees and Finders |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (2) |
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IV Commercial Uses of Bailment |
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256 | (3) |
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A Hire Purchase Agreements |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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C Carriage of Goods by Sea |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (3) |
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262 | (1) |
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11 Security Interests and Quasi-Security |
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263 | (34) |
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263 | (1) |
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II Function of Security and Quasi-Security |
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263 | (3) |
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III The Types of Security Interest |
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266 | (1) |
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266 | (18) |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (1) |
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i Companies Act 2006 Scheme |
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269 | (2) |
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271 | (3) |
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iii Bills of Sales Acts Scheme |
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274 | (2) |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (4) |
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ii Two Special Cases: Tacking and Marshalling |
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283 | (1) |
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V Quasi-Security Interests |
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284 | (12) |
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A Retention of Title Clauses |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (3) |
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287 | (2) |
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iii Insolvency and Title Reservation |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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B Other Quasi-Security Interests |
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290 | (1) |
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i Contractual Set-Off and Close Out Netting |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (2) |
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iii Equitable Transaction Set-off |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (22) |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (7) |
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298 | (3) |
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B Re-Delivery or Redemption |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (1) |
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D Pledgee's Relations with Third Parties |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (13) |
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A Lienholders' Rights against Third Parties |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (1) |
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C Common Law or Customary Liens |
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307 | (2) |
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309 | (3) |
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312 | (1) |
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i Particular Cases of Liens: Purchasers and Unpaid Vendors |
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312 | (2) |
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ii Particular Cases of Liens: Trustees' and Co-Owners' Liens |
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314 | (1) |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (2) |
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13 Mortgages and Bills of Sale |
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319 | (26) |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (6) |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (2) |
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324 | (2) |
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D Aircraft: International Interests |
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326 | (1) |
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326 | (16) |
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A Foreclosure and Appropriation of Financial Collateral |
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328 | (2) |
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330 | (1) |
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i Incidence of the Power of Sale |
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330 | (2) |
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ii Duties of the Mortgagee in Exercising the Power of Sale |
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332 | (3) |
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335 | (2) |
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337 | (1) |
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E Enforcement of Bills of Sale |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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ii Reform of Bills of Sale |
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339 | (1) |
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F Enforcement of an International Interest |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (3) |
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345 | (22) |
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345 | (1) |
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II Floating and Fixed Charges |
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345 | (10) |
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A Determining whether a Charge is Fixed or Floating |
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348 | (6) |
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B The Importance of the Distinction |
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354 | (1) |
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III The Nature of the Floating Charge |
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355 | (5) |
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356 | (1) |
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B The Defeasible Charge Theory |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (2) |
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D Power to Acquire a Persistent Right |
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359 | (1) |
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IV Remedies of the Chargee on Default |
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360 | (7) |
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A Administrative Receivership |
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361 | (3) |
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364 | (2) |
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366 | (1) |
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15 Secured Transactions Law Reform |
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367 | (24) |
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367 | (4) |
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II Reform in other Jurisdictions |
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371 | (18) |
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A An Outline of the Article 9/PPSA System |
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372 | (1) |
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i Should Land be Included? |
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372 | (1) |
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ii In Substance and Deemed Security Interests |
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372 | (3) |
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iii Attachment and Perfection |
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375 | (4) |
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iv Priorities and `Taking Free' |
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379 | (4) |
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v Enforcement and the Relationship with Insolvency |
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383 | (2) |
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385 | (1) |
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B The International Influence of UCC Article 9 |
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386 | (2) |
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C Prospects for the Abolition of the Floating Charge apart from a PPSA System |
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388 | (1) |
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389 | (2) |
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16 Concluding Observations |
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391 | (6) |
| Index |
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397 | |