Preface |
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xvi | |
Publisher's Acknowledgments |
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xviii | |
Part I: Preliminaries |
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1 | (56) |
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French: standards and variation |
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3 | (5) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (4) |
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Written and spoken French |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Field, domain or discourse type |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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Age, sex and socio-economic status (SES) |
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6 | (2) |
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Introduction to the description of French: definitions and metalanguage |
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8 | (19) |
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8 | (5) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (3) |
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16 | (6) |
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Syntax and the verb system |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (1) |
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Subordination and coordination |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (5) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (26) |
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A multiplicity of approaches ... |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (5) |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (12) |
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33 | (1) |
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Generative syntax and its place in the grammar |
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34 | (5) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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Morphology in generative grammar |
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42 | (3) |
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Other approaches to the analysis of French |
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45 | (3) |
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Typological models of change |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (2) |
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National French approaches |
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50 | (3) |
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Guillaume and the Guillaumeans |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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Choice of topics and approaches |
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53 | (4) |
Part II: Issues |
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57 | (307) |
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59 | (18) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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Orthographically based accounts of liaison |
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62 | (1) |
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Theoretical accounts of word-final consonants |
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63 | (9) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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Abstract generative phonology |
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63 | (3) |
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Concrete generative phonology |
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66 | (2) |
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68 | (4) |
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72 | (1) |
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Variationist analyses of liaison |
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72 | (5) |
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77 | (21) |
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77 | (1) |
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The history of nasal vowels |
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78 | (2) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (1) |
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Structuralist accounts: the phonemic status of nasal vowles |
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80 | (2) |
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Generative and post-generative accounts of the nasal vowels |
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82 | (10) |
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Nasal vowels in abstract generative phonology |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (3) |
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86 | (1) |
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Nasal vowels in concrete generative phonology |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (2) |
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92 | (2) |
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Nasal vowels in southern French |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (20) |
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Introduction: `Qu'est-ce que le ``e muet''?' (Martinet (1974a)) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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The phonetic identity of schwa |
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99 | (1) |
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The variable phonological behavior of schwa |
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100 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (2) |
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The phonemic identity of schwa |
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103 | (2) |
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Schwa ∼ zero alternation: epenthesis versus deletion |
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105 | (4) |
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Schwa ∼ zero alternation as deletion |
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105 | (1) |
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Schwa ∼ zero alternation as epenthesis |
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106 | (2) |
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The special case of word-final schwa |
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108 | (1) |
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Non-linear accounts of schwa ∼ zero alternation |
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109 | (2) |
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Changing patterns of schwa ∼ zero alternation |
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111 | (7) |
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Word-inital schwa: stabilization in progress? |
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112 | (2) |
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Change in non-initial schwa |
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114 | (4) |
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Verb morphology: conjugation classes and the definition of regularity |
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118 | (25) |
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118 | (1) |
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Preliminaries: segmentation |
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118 | (5) |
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119 | (1) |
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Stem and ending versus stem, infix and ending |
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120 | (3) |
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Classification into verb conjugation classes: desiderata |
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123 | (1) |
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Traditional classifications |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (5) |
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131 | (4) |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (5) |
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143 | (21) |
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Introduction: tense versus aspect |
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143 | (2) |
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Aspectual categories and distinctions |
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145 | (1) |
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Lexical versus grammatical aspect |
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146 | (2) |
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Approaches to aspect in French |
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148 | (11) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (2) |
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Wilmet (1991, 1995, 1997) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Applications of the notion of aspect |
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159 | (5) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Aspect and discourse-pragmatics |
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160 | (4) |
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Past tenses: complex and changing relationships |
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164 | (28) |
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164 | (4) |
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The passe simple/passe compose relationship: a complex history |
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168 | (7) |
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The development of the compound tenses |
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168 | (1) |
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`Functional multiplicity' in the Old French period |
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169 | (3) |
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Developments in Middle French, and Early Modern analyses |
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172 | (3) |
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The passe compose/passe simple in Modern French: changing relationships |
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175 | (6) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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Passe simple/passe compose alternation |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (1) |
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The PC: a sematinc hybrid? |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (4) |
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181 | (1) |
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Developments in Modern French |
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182 | (1) |
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Analysis of the imperfect |
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182 | (1) |
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Discourse-pragmatic developments |
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183 | (2) |
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Past in the past: plus-que-parfait, passe, anterieur and passe surcompose |
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185 | (7) |
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185 | (1) |
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Developments in Modern French |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (4) |
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Mood and modality: the French subjnctive |
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192 | (29) |
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192 | (1) |
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Explaining the use of the subjunctive |
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193 | (9) |
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The French subjunctive: several `values' or a unified account? |
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194 | (3) |
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Formal or mechanical approaches |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (3) |
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202 | (4) |
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202 | (2) |
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204 | (2) |
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The vitality of the subjunctive |
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206 | (15) |
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The history of the subjunctive |
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206 | (3) |
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The vitality of the subjunctive in Modern French |
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209 | (1) |
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The vitality of the subjunctive and variation |
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210 | (1) |
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Written and spoken French |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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The imperfect subjunctive |
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212 | (4) |
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Alternative markers of modality |
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216 | (5) |
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221 | (27) |
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221 | (1) |
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Pronominal verbs and voice |
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221 | (4) |
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How many voices for French? |
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221 | (2) |
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223 | (1) |
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Generative approaches to voice |
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224 | (1) |
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The classification of pronominal verbs |
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225 | (12) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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Subcategorizing the pronominaux subjectifs |
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227 | (2) |
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Problems with differentiating the categories |
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229 | (2) |
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Alternative classifications |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (6) |
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237 | (11) |
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Constraints on the usage of the pronominal passive |
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237 | (3) |
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Limits on the usage of the `true' passive |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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Reasons for selecting the `true' passive |
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242 | (2) |
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Other alternatives to the passive |
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244 | (4) |
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Declarative word order: French as an SVO language |
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248 | (25) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (6) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (2) |
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Marchello-Nizia (1995): the role of the object |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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Modern French as an SVO language |
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255 | (15) |
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The data: statistics and corpora |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (2) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (2) |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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Theoretical implications and further questions |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (3) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (3) |
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Relations between clauses: subordination, coordination, parataxis |
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273 | (24) |
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273 | (1) |
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Relations within the sentence: questions of definition |
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273 | (9) |
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273 | (2) |
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275 | (4) |
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Subordinating and coordinating conjunctoins, and coordinating adverbs |
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279 | (3) |
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Spoken French: a case study of the relative du francais populaire |
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282 | (5) |
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Relations within discourse: parataxis, coordination and subordination as degrees of progression in lingustic sophistication? |
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287 | (10) |
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287 | (2) |
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289 | (2) |
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291 | (6) |
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297 | (26) |
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297 | (4) |
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The nature of the component elements |
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298 | (3) |
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301 | (4) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (3) |
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Ne ... que and expletive ne |
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305 | (7) |
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305 | (4) |
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309 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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The value and currency of expletive ne |
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310 | (2) |
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Ne alone to mark negation |
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312 | (1) |
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The loss of ne and the marking of negation by pas alone |
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312 | (11) |
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The historical background |
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312 | (1) |
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Factors influencing the use of non-use of ne in contemporary French |
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313 | (1) |
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313 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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315 | (1) |
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Frequently used expressions |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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Demographic factors: region, SES, and age |
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316 | (2) |
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Other examples of the rise of pas |
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318 | (5) |
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Neologisms: internal versus external factors |
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323 | (20) |
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323 | (1) |
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Definitional questions and statistics |
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324 | (3) |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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Statistical considerations |
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326 | (1) |
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The linguistic integration of borrowings |
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327 | (8) |
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327 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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328 | (2) |
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Morpho-syntactic integration |
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330 | (3) |
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333 | (2) |
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`Hybrids' and pseudo-anglicisms |
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335 | (2) |
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The status of Latin (and Greek) material |
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337 | (2) |
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Attitudes towards borrowing |
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339 | (4) |
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`Internal' processes of word creation in French |
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343 | (21) |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (8) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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Prefixes and compounds -- problematic distinctions |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (1) |
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Compounds versus free combinations |
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347 | (3) |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (3) |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (1) |
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Neologisms and linguistic theory |
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354 | (4) |
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The impact of internal lexical creation on French |
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358 | (6) |
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359 | (1) |
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Morphosyntactic complexities: compounds and abbreviations |
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360 | (1) |
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Phonological complexities |
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361 | (3) |
References |
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364 | (27) |
Index of Concepts |
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391 | (11) |
Index of Names |
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402 | |