| Summary of Major Changes in the 2021 Red Book |
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Section 1 Active and Passive Immunization |
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1 | (2) |
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Sources of Information About Immunization |
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3 | (4) |
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Discussing Vaccines With Patients and Parents |
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7 | (1) |
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Addressing Parents' Questions About Vaccine Safety and Effectiveness |
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7 | (1) |
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Common Misconceptions About Immunizations |
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7 | (3) |
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Resources for Optimizing Communications With Parents About Vaccines |
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10 | (1) |
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Parental Refusal of Immunizations |
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11 | (1) |
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Immunization Documentation |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (4) |
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17 | (2) |
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Vaccine Handling and Storage |
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19 | (7) |
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26 | (4) |
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30 | (1) |
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Immunization Schedule and Timing of Vaccines |
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31 | (3) |
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Minimum Ages and Minimum Intervals Between Vaccine Doses |
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34 | (1) |
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Interchangeability of Vaccine Products |
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34 | (2) |
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Simultaneous Administration of Multiple Vaccines |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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Unknown or Uncertain Immunization Status |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Active Immunization After Receipt of Immune Globulin or Other Blood Products |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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National Academy of Medicine Reviews of Adverse Events After Immunization |
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43 | (1) |
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Immunization Safety Review |
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44 | (1) |
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Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety |
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45 | (1) |
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Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System |
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46 | (1) |
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Vaccine Safety Datalink Project |
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47 | (1) |
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FDA CBER Sentinel Program |
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48 | (1) |
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Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Project |
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48 | (2) |
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Vaccine Injury Compensation |
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50 | (1) |
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Hypersensitivity Reactions After Immunization |
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51 | (1) |
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Immediate-Type Allergic Reactions |
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52 | (1) |
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Delayed-Type Allergic Reactions |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Immune Globulin Intramuscular (IGIM) |
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55 | (2) |
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Immune Globulin Intravenous (IGIV) |
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57 | (5) |
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Immune Globulin Subcutaneous (IGSC) |
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62 | (2) |
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Treatment of Anaphylactic Reactions |
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64 | (3) |
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Immunization in Special Clinical Circumstances |
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67 | (1) |
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Immunization in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants |
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67 | (2) |
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Immunization in Pregnancy |
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69 | (3) |
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Immunization and Other Considerations in Immunocompromised Children |
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72 | (15) |
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Immunization in Children With a Personal or Family History of Seizures |
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87 | (1) |
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Immunization in Children With Chronic Diseases |
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87 | (1) |
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Immunization in American Indian/Alaska Native Children and Adolescents |
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88 | (3) |
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Immunization in Adolescent and College Populations |
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91 | (1) |
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Immunization in Health Care Personnel |
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92 | (4) |
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Children Who Received Immunizations Outside the United States or Whose Immunization Status is Unknown or Uncertain |
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96 | (3) |
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99 | (8) |
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Section 2 Recommendations For Care Of Children In Special Circumstances |
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Breastfeeding and Human Milk |
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107 | (1) |
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AAP Recommendations on Breastfeeding |
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107 | (1) |
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Contraindications to Breastfeeding |
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108 | (1) |
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Immunization of Mothers and Infants |
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108 | (1) |
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Transmission of Infectious Agents via Human Milk |
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109 | (6) |
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Antimicrobial Agents and Other Drugs in Human Milk |
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115 | (1) |
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Anti-TNF Biologic Response Modifiers in Human Milk |
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116 | (1) |
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Children in Group Child Care and Schools |
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116 | (1) |
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Modes of Spread of Infectious Diseases |
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117 | (1) |
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Respiratory Tract Diseases |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (1) |
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Management and Prevention of Infectious Diseases |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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Infection Control and Prevention |
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124 | (2) |
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Exclusion and Return to Care |
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126 | (7) |
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Infection Prevention and Control for Hospitalized Children |
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133 | (1) |
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Infection Prevention and Control Precautions |
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134 | (7) |
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Strategies to Prevent Health Care-Associated Infections |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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Infection Prevention and Control in Ambulatory Settings |
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145 | (3) |
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Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents and Children |
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148 | (1) |
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STIs During Preventive Health Care of Adolescents |
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148 | (2) |
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Sexual Assault and Abuse in Children and Adolescents/Young Adults |
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150 | (8) |
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Medical Evaluation for Infectious Diseases for Internationally Adopted, Refugee, and Immigrant Children |
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158 | (1) |
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Consideration for Testing for Infectious Agents |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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Tissue Parasites/Eosinophilia |
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163 | (1) |
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Sexually Transmitted Infections |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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Chagas Disease (American Trypanosomiasis) |
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165 | (1) |
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Other Infectious Diseases |
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165 | (1) |
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Injuries From Needles Discarded in the Community |
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166 | (1) |
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Wound Care and Tetanus Prophylaxis |
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167 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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Preventing Needlestick Injuries |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (6) |
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Prevention of Mosquitoborne and Tickborne Infections |
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175 | (1) |
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General Protective Measures |
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176 | (1) |
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Repellents for Use on Skin |
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177 | (2) |
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Tick Inspection and Removal |
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179 | (1) |
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Other Preventive Measures |
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180 | (1) |
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Prevention of Illnesses Associated with Recreational Water Use |
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180 | (7) |
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Section 3 Summaries Of Infectious Diseases |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (3) |
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Amebic Meningoencephalitis and Keratitis (Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba species, and Balamuthia mandrillaris) |
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193 | (3) |
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196 | (6) |
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Arboviruses (Including Colorado tick fever, Eastern equine encephalitis, Heartland, Jamestown Canyon, Japanese encephalitis, La Crosse, Powassan, St. Louis encephalitis, tickborne encephalitis, and yellow fever viruses) |
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202 | (7) |
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Arcanobacterium haemolytkum Infections |
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209 | (1) |
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Ascaris lumbricoides Infections |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (5) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (2) |
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Bacillus cereus Infections and Intoxications |
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219 | (2) |
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221 | (3) |
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Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Other Anaerobic Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections |
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224 | (2) |
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Balantidium coli Infections (Balantidiasis) |
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226 | (1) |
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Bartonella henselae (Cat-Scratch Disease) |
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226 | (3) |
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229 | (1) |
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Infections With Blastocystis Species |
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230 | (2) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (2) |
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Borrelia Infections Other Than Lyme Disease (Relapsing Fever) |
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235 | (3) |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (3) |
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243 | (3) |
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246 | (6) |
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Chancroid and Cutaneous Ulcers |
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252 | (2) |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (2) |
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Chlamydia psittaci (Psittacosis, Ornithosis, Parrot Fever) |
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258 | (2) |
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260 | (6) |
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266 | (1) |
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Botulism and Infant Botulism (Clostridium botulinum) |
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266 | (3) |
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Clostridial Myonecrosis (Gas Gangrene) |
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269 | (2) |
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Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) |
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271 | (5) |
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Clostridium perfringens Foodborne Illness |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (3) |
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Coronaviruses, Including SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV |
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280 | (5) |
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Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattu Infections (Cryptococcosis) |
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285 | (3) |
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288 | (3) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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Cystoisosporiasis (formerly Isosporiasis) |
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293 | (1) |
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Cytomegalovirus Infection |
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294 | (7) |
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301 | (3) |
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304 | (4) |
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Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Related Infections (Human Ehrlichiosis, Anaplasmosis, and Related Infections Attributable to Bacteria in the Family Anaplasmataceae) |
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308 | (3) |
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Serious Neonatal Bacterial Infections Caused by Enterobacteriaceae (Including Septicemia and Meningitis) |
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311 | (4) |
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Enterovirus (Nonpoliovirus) (Group A and B Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Numbered Enteroviruses) |
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315 | (3) |
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Epstein-Barr Virus Infections (Infectious Mononucleosis) |
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318 | (4) |
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Escherichia coli Diarrhea (Including Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome) |
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322 | (6) |
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328 | (5) |
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Fusobacterium Infections (Including Lemierre Syndrome) |
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333 | (2) |
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Giardia duodenalis (formerly Giardia lamblia and Giardia intestinalis) Infections (Giardiasis) |
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335 | (3) |
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338 | (6) |
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Granuloma Inguinale (Donovanosis) |
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344 | (1) |
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Haemophilus influenzae Infections |
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345 | (9) |
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Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome |
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354 | (3) |
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Helicobacter pylori Infections |
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357 | (5) |
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Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Arenaviruses |
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362 | (3) |
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Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Bunyaviruses |
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365 | (3) |
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Hemorrhagic Fevers Caused by Filoviruses: Ebola and Marburg |
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368 | (5) |
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373 | (8) |
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381 | (18) |
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399 | (5) |
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404 | (1) |
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405 | (2) |
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407 | (10) |
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417 | (4) |
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Hookworm Infections (Ancybstoma duodenale and Necator americanus) |
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421 | (1) |
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Human Herpesvirus 6 (Including Roseola) and 7 |
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422 | (3) |
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425 | (2) |
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection |
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427 | (13) |
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440 | (7) |
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447 | (10) |
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457 | (7) |
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Ktngella kingae Infections |
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464 | (1) |
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Legionella pneumophila Infections |
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465 | (3) |
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468 | (4) |
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472 | (3) |
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475 | (3) |
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Listeria monocytogenes Infections (Listeriosis) |
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478 | (4) |
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Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato Infection) |
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482 | (8) |
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Lymphatic Filariasis (Bancroftian, Malayan, and Timorian) |
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490 | (2) |
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Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus |
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492 | (1) |
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493 | (10) |
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503 | (16) |
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519 | (13) |
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532 | (1) |
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Microsporidia Infections (Microsporidiosis) |
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533 | (2) |
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535 | (2) |
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Moraxella catarrhalis Infections |
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537 | (1) |
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538 | (5) |
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Other Mycoplasma Species Infections |
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543 | (3) |
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546 | (2) |
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Norovirus and Sapovirus Infections |
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548 | (2) |
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Onchocerciasis (River Blindness, Filariasis) |
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550 | (2) |
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Paracoccidioidomycosis (Formerly Known as South American Blastomycosis) |
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552 | (2) |
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554 | (1) |
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Parainfluenza Viral Infections |
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555 | (2) |
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557 | (4) |
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561 | (1) |
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Parvovirus B19 (Erythema Infectiosum, Fifth Disease) |
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562 | (4) |
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566 | (1) |
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Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice) |
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567 | (4) |
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Pediculosis Corporis (Body Lice) |
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571 | (1) |
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Pediculosis Pubis (Pubic Lice, Crab Lice) |
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572 | (2) |
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
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574 | (4) |
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Pertussis (Whooping Cough) |
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578 | (11) |
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Pinworm Infection (Enterobius vermicularis) |
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589 | (2) |
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Pityriasis Versicolor (Formerly Tinea Versicolor) |
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591 | (1) |
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592 | (3) |
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Pneumocystis jirovecii Infections |
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595 | (6) |
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601 | (6) |
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Polyomaviruses (BK, JC, and Other Polyomaviruses) |
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607 | (3) |
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Prion Diseases: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies |
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610 | (4) |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections |
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614 | (3) |
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Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii Infection) |
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617 | (2) |
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619 | (8) |
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627 | (1) |
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus |
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628 | (8) |
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636 | (2) |
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638 | (2) |
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640 | (1) |
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
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641 | (3) |
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644 | (4) |
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648 | (7) |
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655 | (8) |
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663 | (3) |
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666 | (2) |
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668 | (4) |
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672 | (4) |
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676 | (1) |
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Staphylococcal Food Poisoning |
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677 | (1) |
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678 | (14) |
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Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Infections |
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692 | (2) |
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Group A Streptococcal Infections |
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694 | (13) |
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Group B Streptococcal Infections |
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707 | (6) |
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Non-Group A or B Streptococcal and Enterococcal Infections |
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713 | (4) |
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Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcal) Infections |
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717 | (10) |
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Strongyloidiasis (Strongybides stercoralis) |
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727 | (2) |
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729 | (15) |
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Tapeworm Diseases (Taeniasis and Cysticercosis) |
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744 | (3) |
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Other Tapeworm Infections (Including Hydatid Disease) |
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747 | (3) |
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750 | (5) |
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Tinea Capitis (Ringworm of the Scalp) |
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755 | (4) |
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Tinea Corporis (Ringworm of the Body) |
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759 | (3) |
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762 | (2) |
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Tinea Pedis and Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis) (Athlete's Foot, Ringworm of the Feet) |
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764 | (2) |
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766 | (1) |
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Toxoplasma gondii Infections (Toxoplasmosis) |
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767 | (8) |
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Trichinellosis (Trichinella spiralis and Other Species) |
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775 | (2) |
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Trichomonas vaginalis Infections (Trichomoniasis) |
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777 | (3) |
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Trichuriasis (Whipworm Infection) |
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780 | (1) |
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African Trypanosomiasis (African Sleeping Sickness) |
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781 | (2) |
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American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) |
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783 | (3) |
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786 | (28) |
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Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (Environmental Mycobacteria, Mycobacteria Other Than Mycobacterium tuberculosis) |
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814 | (8) |
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822 | (3) |
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Louseborne Typhus (Epidemic or Sylvatic Typhus) |
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825 | (2) |
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Murine Typhus (Endemic or Fleaborne Typhus) |
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827 | (2) |
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Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum Infections |
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829 | (2) |
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Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections |
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831 | (12) |
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843 | (1) |
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Cholera (Vibrio cholerae) |
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843 | (4) |
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847 | (1) |
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848 | (3) |
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Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections (Enteritis and Other Illnesses) |
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851 | (3) |
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854 | (9) |
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Section 4 Antimicrobial Agents and Related Therapy |
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863 | (1) |
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864 | (2) |
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866 | (1) |
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Antimicrobial Agents Approved for Use in Adults but Not Children |
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866 | (1) |
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Cephalosporin Cross-Reactivity With Other Beta Lactam Antibiotics |
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866 | (2) |
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Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Stewardship: Appropriate and Judicious Use of Antimicrobial Agents |
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868 | (1) |
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868 | (1) |
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Factors Contributing to Resistance |
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868 | (1) |
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Actions to Prevent or Slow Antimicrobial Resistance |
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869 | (1) |
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Antimicrobial Stewardship |
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870 | (2) |
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Role of the Medical Provider |
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872 | (1) |
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Principles of Appropriate Use of Antimicrobial Therapy for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections |
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873 | (3) |
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876 | (1) |
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Tables of Antibacterial Drug Dosages |
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876 | (22) |
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Sexually Transmitted Infections |
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898 | (7) |
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Antifungal Drugs for Systemic Fungal Infections |
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905 | (1) |
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905 | (1) |
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906 | (1) |
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907 | (1) |
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908 | (5) |
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Recommended Doses of Parenteral and Oral Antifungal Drugs |
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913 | (9) |
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Topical Drugs for Superficial Fungal Infections |
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922 | (8) |
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930 | (19) |
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Drugs for Parasitic Infections |
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949 | (41) |
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Systems-based Treatment Table |
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990 | (14) |
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MedWatch---The FDA Safety Information and Adverse Event-Reporting Program |
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1004 | (3) |
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Section 5 Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
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Antimicrobial Prophylaxis |
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1007 | (1) |
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Infection-Prone Body Sites |
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1007 | (2) |
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Exposure to Specific Pathogens |
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1009 | (1) |
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1009 | (1) |
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Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Pediatric Surgical Patients |
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1010 | (1) |
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Guidelines for Appropriate Use |
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1010 | (1) |
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Indications for Prophylaxis |
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1010 | (2) |
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Surgical Site Infection Criteria |
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1012 | (1) |
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Timing of Administration of Prophylactic Antimicrobial Agents |
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1013 | (1) |
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Dosing and Duration of Administration of Antimicrobial Agents |
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1013 | (1) |
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Preoperative Screening and Decolonization |
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|
1013 | (1) |
|
Recommended Antimicrobial Agents |
|
|
1014 | (7) |
|
Prevention of Bacterial Endocarditis |
|
|
1021 | (2) |
|
|
|
1023 | (1) |
|
|
|
1023 | (1) |
|
|
|
1023 | (2) |
|
Legal Mandates for Topical Prophylaxis for Neonatal Ophthalmia |
|
|
1025 | (1) |
|
|
|
1026 | (1) |
|
Other Nongonococcal, Nonchlamydial Ophthalmia |
|
|
1026 | (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1027 | (5) |
|
II Codes for Commonly Administered Pediatric Vaccines/Toxoids and Immune Globulins |
|
|
1032 | (1) |
|
III Nationally Notifiable Infectious Diseases in the United States |
|
|
1033 | (3) |
|
IV Guide to Contraindications and Precautions to Immunizations |
|
|
1036 | (1) |
|
V Prevention of Infectious Disease From Contaminated Food Products |
|
|
1037 | (4) |
|
VI Clinical Syndromes Associated With Foodborne Diseases |
|
|
1041 | (7) |
|
VII Diseases Transmitted by Animals (Zoonoses) |
|
|
1048 | |
