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Relational Database Design and Implementation: Clearly Explained 3rd edition [Pehme köide]

3.83/5 (56 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)

Jan L. Harrington (Professor and Department Chair, Computer Science, Marist College, Hyde Park, NY, USA)

Formaat: Paperback / softback, 440 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 890 g
Ilmumisaeg: 02-Sep-2009
Kirjastus: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers In
ISBN-10: 0123747309
ISBN-13: 9780123747303

Teised raamatud teemal:

Relational databases

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Formaat: Paperback / softback, 440 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 890 g
Ilmumisaeg: 02-Sep-2009
Kirjastus: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers In
ISBN-10: 0123747309
ISBN-13: 9780123747303

Teised raamatud teemal:

Relational databases

Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780123747303.html

Märksõnad:

Fully revised, updated, and expanded, Relational Database Design and Implementation, Third Edition is the most lucid and effective introduction to the subject available for IT/IS professionals interested in honing their skills in database design, implementation, and administration. This book provides the conceptual and practical information necessary to develop a design and management scheme that ensures data accuracy and user satisfaction while optimizing performance, regardless of experience level or choice of DBMS.
The book begins by reviewing basic concepts of databases and database design, then briefly reviews the SQL one would use to create databases. Topics such as the relational data model, normalization, data entities and Codd's Rules (and why they are important) are covered clearly and concisely but without resorting to "Dummies"-style talking down to the reader.
Supporting the book's step-by-step instruction are three NEW case studies illustrating database planning, analysis, design, and management practices. In addition to these real-world examples, which include object-relational design techniques, an entirely NEW section consisting of three chapters is devoted to database implementation and management issues.

* Principles needed to understand the basis of good relational database design and implementation practices.
* Examples to illustrate core concepts for enhanced comprehension and to put the book's practical instruction to work.
* Methods for tailoring DB design to the environment in which the database will run and the uses to which it will be put.
* Design approaches that ensure data accuracy and consistency.
* Examples of how design can inhibit or boost database application performance.
* Object-relational design techniques, benefits, and examples.
* Instructions on how to choose and use a normalization technique.
* Guidelines for understanding and applying Codd's rules.
* Tools to implement a relational design using SQL.
* Techniques for using CASE tools for database design.

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"I think this book addresses database designers and database professionals quite well. The book also is well-suited to be used for an introductory course on database management." --Craig Mullins, Corporate Technologist, NEON Enterprise Software

"The book uses straightforward language to present different concepts related to the design and implementation of relational databases. Although it does not include exercises, it could be used as a textbook in a database course. While it is difficult nowadays for a book on databases to stand out among the popular and excellent ones already available, I want to emphasize what I consider a key contribution of this book: it is illustrated with real-world examples and includes clear explanations that will help readers understand the design process. In this sense, the three case studies included are particularly valuable." --Computing Reviews

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The most lucid and effective introduction to relational database design and management available, providing you with the tools necessary to put the book's practical instruction to work immediately.

Preface

Acknowledgments

xix

PART I INTRODUCTION

The Database Environment

(22)

Defining a Database

(2)

Lists and Files

(1)

Databases

(1)

Data ``Ownership''

(2)

Service-Oriented Architecture

(1)

Database Software: DBMSs

(2)

Database Hardware Architecture

(8)

Centralized

(3)

Client/Server

(1)

Distributed

(2)

The Web

(1)

Remote Access

(1)

Other Factors in the Database Environment

(5)

Security

(2)

Government Regulations and Privacy

(1)

Legacy Databases

(2)

For Further Reading

(2)

Systems Analysis and Database Requirements

(20)

Dealing with Resistance to Change

(1)

The Structured Design Life Cycle

(1)

Conducting the Needs Assessment

(4)

Assessing Feasibility

(2)

Generating Alternatives

(1)

Evaluating and Choosing an Alternative

(1)

Creating Design Requirements

(1)

Alternative Analysis Methods

(6)

Prototyping

(2)

Spiral Methodology

(1)

Object-Oriented Analysis

(4)

For Further Reading

(3)

PART II DATABASE DESIGN THEORY

Why Good Design Matters

(6)

Effects of Poor Database Design

(2)

Unnecessary Duplicated Data and Data Consistency

(1)

Data Insertion Problems

(1)

Data Deletion Problems

(1)

Meaningful Identifiers

(1)

Entities and Relationships

(34)

Entities and Their Attributes

(10)

Entity Identifiers

(1)

Single-Valued versus Multivalued Attributes

(2)

Avoiding Collections of Entities

(2)

Documenting Entities and Their Attributes

(2)

Entities and Attributes for Antique Opticals

(1)

Domains

(3)

Documenting Domains

(1)

Practical Domain Choices

(2)

Basic Data Relationships

(8)

One-to-One Relationships

(2)

One-to-Many Relationships

(1)

Many-to-Many Relationships

(1)

Weak Entities and Mandatory Relationships

(1)

Documenting Relationships

(3)

Basic Relationships for Antique Opticals

(1)

Dealing with Many-to-Many Relationships

(5)

Composite Entities

(1)

Documenting Composite Entities

(1)

Resolving Antique Opticals' Many-to-Many Relationships

(2)

Relationships and Business Rules

(1)

Data Modeling versus Data Flow

(3)

Schemas

(3)

For Further Reading

(2)

The Relational Data Model

(18)

Understanding Relations

(2)

Columns and Column Characteristics

(1)

Rows and Row Characteristics

(1)

Types of Tables

(1)

A Notation for Relations

(1)

Primary Keys

(5)

Primary Keys to Identify People

(1)

Avoiding Meaningful Identifiers

(1)

Concatenated Primary Keys

(1)

All-Key Relations

(1)

Representing Data Relationships

(3)

Referential Integrity

(1)

Foreign Keys and Primary Keys in the Same Table

(1)

Views

(1)

The View Mechanism

(1)

Why Use Views?

(1)

The Data Dictionary

(2)

Sample Data Dictionary Tables

(1)

A Bit of History

(2)

For Further Reading

101

(2)

Normalization

103

(24)

Translating an ER Diagram into Relations

103

(2)

Normal Forms

105

(1)

First Normal Form

106

(5)

Understanding Repeating Groups

106

(1)

Handling Repeating Groups

107

(2)

Problems with First Normal Form

109

(2)

Second Normal Form

111

(3)

Understanding Functional Dependencies

111

(1)

Using Functional Dependencies to Reach 2NF

112

(1)

Problems with 2NF Relations

113

(1)

Third Normal Form

114

(2)

Transitive Dependencies

114

(2)

Boyce-Codd Normal Form

116

(1)

Fourth Normal Form

117

(2)

Multivalued Dependencies

118

(1)

Fifth Normal Form

119

(6)

Projections and Joins

120

(2)

Understanding 5NF

122

(3)

Sixth Normal Form

125

(1)

For Further Reading

126

(1)

Database Structure and Performance Tuning

127

(12)

Joins and Database Performance

128

(4)

Indexing

132

(2)

Deciding Which Indexes to Create

133

(1)

Clustering

134

(1)

Partitioning

135

(2)

Horizontal Partitioning

136

(1)

Vertical Partitioning

136

(1)

For Further Reading

137

(2)

Codd's Rules for Relational Database Design

139

(12)

Rule 1: The Information Rule

140

(1)

Rule 2: The Guaranteed Access Rule

141

(1)

Rule 3: Systematic Treatment of Null Values

142

(1)

Rule 4: Dynamic Online Catalog Based on the Relational Model

143

(1)

Rule 5: The Comprehensive Data Sublanguage Rule

144

(1)

Rule 6: The View Updating Rule

145

(1)

Rule 7: High-Level Insert, Update, Delete

145

(1)

Rule 8: Physical Data Independence

146

(1)

Rule 9: Logical Data Independence

147

(1)

Rule 10: Integrity Independence

147

(1)

Rule 11: Distribution Independence

148

(1)

Rule 12: Nonsubversion Rule

149

(2)

Using SQL to Implement a Relational Design

151

(30)

Database Structure Hierarchy

151

(3)

Naming and Identifying Structural Elements

153

(1)

Schemas

154

(2)

Creating a Schema

154

(1)

Identifying the Schema You Want to Use

155

(1)

Domains

156

(1)

Tables

157

(13)

Column Data Types

158

(2)

Default Values

160

(1)

Not Null Constraints

161

(1)

Primary Keys

161

(1)

Foreign Keys

161

(9)

Additional Column Constraints

170

(1)

Views

170

(3)

Deciding Which Views to Create

170

(1)

View Updatability Issues

171

(1)

Creating Views

172

(1)

Temporary Tables

173

(2)

Creating Temporary Tables

174

(1)

Loading Temporary Tables with Data

174

(1)

Disposition of Temporary Table Rows

174

(1)

Creating Indexes

175

(1)

Modifying Database Elements

176

(3)

Adding Columns

176

(1)

Adding Table Constraints

177

(1)

Modifying Columns

177

(2)

Deleting Table Elements

179

(1)

Renaming Table Elements

179

(1)

Deleting Database Elements

179

(2)

Using CASE Tools for Database Design

181

(16)

CASE Capabilities

182

(1)

ER Diagram Reports

183

(3)

Data Flow Diagrams

186

(2)

The Data Dictionary

188

(3)

Code Generation

191

(2)

Sample Input and Output Designs

193

(2)

The Drawing Environment

195

(1)

For Further Reading

196

(1)

Database Design Case Study 1: Mighty-Mite Motors

197

(34)

Corporate Overview

197

(18)

Product Development Division

199

(1)

Manufacturing Division

200

(1)

Marketing and Sales Division

201

(1)

Current Information Systems

202

(2)

Reengineering Project

204

(1)

New Information Systems Division

204

(1)

Basic System Goals

205

(1)

Current Business Processes

206

(9)

Designing the Database

215

(16)

Examining the Data Flows

215

(3)

The ER Diagram

218

(5)

Creating the Tables

223

(2)

Generating the SQL

225

(6)

Database Design Case Study 2: East Coast Aquarium

231

(44)

Organizational Overview

231

(23)

Animal Tracking Needs

233

(3)

The Volunteer Organization

236

(2)

The Volunteers Database

238

(1)

Creating the Application Prototype

238

(10)

Creating the ER Diagram

248

(3)

Designing the Tables

251

(1)

Generating the SQL

251

(3)

The Animal Tracking Database

254

(21)

Highlights of the Application Prototype

255

(5)

Creating the ER Diagram

260

(4)

Creating the Tables

264

(1)

Generating the SQL

265

(10)

PART III RELATIONAL DESIGN PRACTICE

Database Design Case Study 3: SmartMart

275

(24)

The Merchandising Environment

275

(2)

Product Requirements

276

(1)

In-Store Sales Requirements

276

(1)

Web Sales Requirements

276

(1)

Personnel Requirements

277

(1)

Putting Together an ERD

277

(7)

Stores, Products, and Employees

277

(4)

In-Store Sales

281

(1)

Web Sales

282

(2)

Creating the Tables

284

(2)

Generating the SQL

286

(13)

PART IV DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES

Concurrency Control

299

(24)

The Multiuser Environment

299

(5)

Transactions

300

(1)

Logging and Rollback

300

(3)

Recovery

303

(1)

Problems with Concurrent Use

304

(7)

Lost Update #1

304

(1)

Lost Update #2

305

(2)

Inconsistent Analysis

307

(2)

Dirty Reads

309

(1)

Nonrepeatable Read

309

(1)

Phantom Read

310

(1)

Solution 1: Classic Locking

311

(7)

Read or Exclusive Locks

311

(4)

Read or Shared Locks

315

(1)

Two-Phase Locking

316

(1)

Locks and Transaction Length

317

(1)

Solution 2: Optimistic Concurrency Control (Optimistic Locking)

318

(1)

Solution #3: Multiversion Concurrency Control (Timestamping)

318

(1)

Transaction Isolation Levels

319

(1)

Web Database Concurrency Control Issues

320

(1)

Distributed Database Issues

321

(1)

For Further Reading

322

(1)

Database Security

323

(28)

Sources of External Security Threats

324

(3)

Physical Threats

324

(1)

Hackers and Crackers

325

(1)

Types of Attacks

326

(1)

Sources of Internal Threats

327

(2)

Employee Threats

327

(2)

External Remedies

329

(9)

Securing the Perimeter: Firewalls

329

(2)

Handling Malware

331

(1)

Buffer Overflows

331

(1)

Physical Server Security

332

(1)

User Authentication

333

(2)

VPNs

335

(1)

Combating Social Engineering

336

(2)

Handling Other Employee Threats

338

(1)

Internal Solutions

338

(6)

Internal Database User IDs and Passwords

338

(1)

Authorization Matrices

339

(2)

Granting and Revoking Access Rights

341

(2)

Who Has Access to What

343

(1)

Backup and Recovery

344

(4)

Backup

345

(2)

Disaster Recovery

347

(1)

The Bottom Line: How Much Security Do You Need?

348

(1)

For Further Reading

349

(2)

Data Warehousing

351

(12)

Scope and Purpose of a Data Warehouse

352

(2)

Obtaining and Preparing the Data

354

(2)

Data Modeling for the Data Warehouse

356

(2)

Dimensional Modeling Basics

356

(2)

Dates and Data

358

(1)

Data Warehouse Appliances

358

(3)

For Further Reading

361

(2)

Data Quality

363

(14)

Why Data Quality Matters

363

(1)

Recognizing and Handling Incomplete Data

364

(2)

Missing Rows

365

(1)

Missing Column Data

365

(1)

Missing Primary Key Data

366

(1)

Recognizing and Handling Incorrect Data

366

(3)

Wrong Codes

367

(1)

Wrong Calculations

367

(1)

Wrong Data Entered into the Database

368

(1)

Violation of Business Rules

369

(1)

Recognizing and Handling Incomprehensible Data

369

(2)

Multiple Values in a Column

369

(1)

Orphaned Foreign Keys

370

(1)

Recognizing and Handling Inconsistent Data

371

(3)

Inconsistent Names and Addresses

371

(1)

Inconsistent Business Rules

371

(1)

Inconsistent Granularity

372

(1)

Unenforced Referential Integrity

373

(1)

Inconsistent Data Formatting

373

(1)

Preventing Inconsistent Data on an Organizational Level

373

(1)

Employees and Data Quality

374

(1)

For Further Reading

375

(2)

XML

377

(10)

XML Syntax

377

(3)

XML Document Correctness

380

(1)

XML Schemas

380

(2)

XML Support in Relational DBMSs

382

(3)

DB2

382

(2)

Oracle

384

(1)

For Further Reading

385

(2)

Appendix Historical Antecedents

387

(20)

Glossary

407

(6)

Index

413

Jan L. Harrington, author of more than 35 books on a variety of technical subjects, has been writing about databases since 1984. She retired in 2013 from her position as professor and chair of the Department of Computing Technology at Marist College, where she taught database design and management, data communications, computer architecture, and the impact of technology on society for 25 years.

Relational Database Design and Implementation: Clearly Explained 3rd edition [Pehme köide]

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