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xiii | |
| Introduction and preface |
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xv | |
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Figures of merit and performance analysis of photonic microwave links |
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1 | (34) |
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1 | (2) |
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Gain and frequency response |
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3 | (15) |
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The p2m,o/Ps of directly modulated laser links |
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5 | (4) |
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The p2m,o/Ps of external modulation links |
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9 | (6) |
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The p1/p2d,o of photodetectors |
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15 | (2) |
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General comments on link gain |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (7) |
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Noise sources and their models |
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19 | (2) |
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Noise figure analysis of representative links |
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21 | (3) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (7) |
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A graphical illustration of SFDR |
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28 | (2) |
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An alternative graphical representation of nth order distortion free DR |
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30 | (2) |
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General comments on dynamic range |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (3) |
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33 | (2) |
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RF subcarrier links in local access networks |
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35 | (22) |
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35 | (1) |
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Overview of local access networks |
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36 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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RF subcarrier lightwave technology |
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38 | (10) |
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Linear lightwave technology |
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39 | (7) |
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46 | (2) |
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System design and requirements |
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48 | (5) |
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End-to-end HFC system design |
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48 | (2) |
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Architecture evolution and its impact |
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50 | (3) |
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53 | (4) |
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53 | (4) |
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Analog modulation of semiconductor lasers |
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57 | (24) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (5) |
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Gain, loss and recombination rates |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (2) |
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Threshold current and slope efficiency |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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Single mode rate equations |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (1) |
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Equivalent circuits and parasitics |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (7) |
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Fundamental response characteristics |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (2) |
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Harmonic and intermodulation distortion |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (2) |
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Modulation characteristics |
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74 | (1) |
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Frequency noise and linewidth |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (5) |
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76 | (5) |
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LiNbO3 external modulators and their use in high performance analog links |
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81 | (52) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (21) |
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Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator |
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84 | (6) |
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90 | (5) |
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Other designs based on refractive index change |
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95 | (3) |
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98 | (1) |
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Specific details of lithium niobate material |
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99 | (4) |
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Modulator effects on link performance |
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103 | (30) |
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Link transfer function (gain and distortion) |
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103 | (8) |
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111 | (10) |
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Optimization of link performance (noise figure and dynamic range) |
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121 | (8) |
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129 | (4) |
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Broadband traveling wave modulators in LiNbO3 |
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133 | (32) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (9) |
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Basic traveling wave design and velocity mismatch derivation |
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134 | (3) |
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137 | (1) |
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Early broadband traveling wave modulators |
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138 | (1) |
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Artificial velocity matching |
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139 | (4) |
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143 | (4) |
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Tailoring the buffer layer and electrode geometry |
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143 | (3) |
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Effect of electrode wall angle |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (7) |
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Coupling to substrate modes |
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147 | (3) |
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Losses in active and non-active regions |
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150 | (1) |
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Dependence of optical response on microwave loss, velocity mismatch, and impedance mismatch |
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151 | (2) |
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Low frequency acoustic effects |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (4) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (3) |
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158 | (4) |
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Long single-pass modulator and reflection modulator |
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158 | (2) |
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Further research on low drive voltage, broadband modulators |
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160 | (1) |
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Voltage minimization design |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (3) |
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162 | (3) |
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Multiple quantum well electroabsorption modulators for RF photonic links |
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165 | (38) |
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165 | (14) |
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Introduction to the MQW EA modulator |
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167 | (6) |
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Exciton absorption and the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) |
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173 | (2) |
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Figures of merit of EA modulators |
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175 | (4) |
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Analysis and design of p-i-n modulators |
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179 | (2) |
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Growth and characterization of MQW heterostructures |
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181 | (5) |
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Selection of material composition |
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181 | (2) |
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Materials characterization |
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183 | (2) |
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Qm and EA characteristics |
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185 | (1) |
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Growth of the waveguide structure |
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186 | (1) |
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Fabrication and performance of p-i-n modulators |
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186 | (8) |
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Fabrication of p-i-n modulators |
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186 | (2) |
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Measured performance of MQW WA WG p-i-n modulators |
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188 | (1) |
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Linearization of MQW EA modulators |
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189 | (5) |
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Traveling wave EA modulators |
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194 | (4) |
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EA modulation in a resonator |
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198 | (5) |
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200 | (3) |
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Polymer modulators for RF photonics |
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203 | (28) |
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Benefits of polymer modulators |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (2) |
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Electro-optic polymer materials |
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206 | (3) |
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207 | (1) |
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Guest-host and attached polymers |
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208 | (1) |
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Thermoplastic, thermoset, and crosslinked polymers |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (5) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Waveguide patterning and electrode fabrication |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (6) |
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Approaches to low half-wave voltage |
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220 | (7) |
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Dependence of Vπ on material and device parameters |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (3) |
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223 | (4) |
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227 | (4) |
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227 | (4) |
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Photodiodes for high performance analog links |
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231 | (24) |
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231 | (4) |
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231 | (4) |
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Receiver figures of merit for analog links |
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235 | (1) |
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Overview of photodetector structures for analog links |
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235 | (5) |
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236 | (2) |
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Schottky photodiodes and MSM photodetectors |
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238 | (2) |
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Noise sources in optical receivers |
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240 | (2) |
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Nonlinearity in photodetectors |
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242 | (5) |
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Carrier transport and circuit element effects |
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242 | (3) |
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245 | (2) |
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Recent advances in photodiodes |
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247 | (8) |
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High speed surface normal photodiodes |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (2) |
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Traveling wave photodiodes and velocity-matched photodiodes |
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250 | (2) |
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Uni-traveling carrier photodiodes |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (2) |
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Opto-electronic oscillators |
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255 | (38) |
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255 | (3) |
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255 | (1) |
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Signal generation for RF photonic systems |
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256 | (1) |
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OEO -- A new class of oscillators |
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257 | (1) |
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Basics of the opto-electronic oscillator |
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258 | (22) |
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Description of the oscillator |
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259 | (1) |
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Quasi-linear theory of the OEO |
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260 | (13) |
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Experimental verification |
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273 | (5) |
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Compact OEO with integrated DFB laser/modulator module |
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278 | (2) |
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Multi-loop opto-electronic oscillator |
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280 | (7) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (4) |
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285 | (2) |
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Summary and future directions |
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287 | (6) |
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290 | (1) |
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290 | (3) |
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Photonic link techniques for microwave frequency conversion |
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293 | (42) |
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293 | (4) |
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RF system frequency allocation and requirements |
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295 | (1) |
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Benefits of frequency converting photonic links |
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296 | (1) |
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Optical local oscillator signal generation |
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297 | (12) |
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Heterodyned laser techniques |
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298 | (3) |
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Harmonic carrier generation using integrated optical modulators |
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301 | (5) |
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Optical local oscillator generation comparison |
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306 | (3) |
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Microwave frequency converting photonic links |
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309 | (17) |
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Frequency conversion configurations |
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309 | (7) |
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Link gain and noise suppression |
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316 | (7) |
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323 | (2) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (9) |
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327 | (1) |
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327 | (8) |
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Antenna-coupled millimeter-wave electro-optical modulators |
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335 | (42) |
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335 | (1) |
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Velocity mismatch in traveling wave electro-optic modulators |
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336 | (2) |
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RF loss in the traveling wave electrodes |
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338 | (1) |
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``True'' velocity matching |
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339 | (1) |
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Velocity matching ``on the average'' by phase shifts |
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340 | (3) |
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Velocity matching on the average with a corporate feed |
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343 | (1) |
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Effect of transmission line loss in N re-phased segments |
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344 | (2) |
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Antenna-coupled modulators -- initial experiments |
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346 | (6) |
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Millimeter-wave modulator experiments at Caltech |
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352 | (17) |
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352 | (3) |
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A 94 GHz Mach-Zehnder modulator |
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355 | (1) |
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A 94 GHz directional coupler modulator |
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356 | (6) |
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The slot Vee Mach--Zehnder modulator |
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362 | (7) |
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Other antenna-coupled modulators |
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369 | (4) |
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Summary and suggestions for future projects in antenna-coupled modulators |
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373 | (4) |
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374 | (1) |
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374 | (3) |
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System design and performance of wideband photonic phased array antennas |
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377 | (24) |
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377 | (1) |
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378 | (3) |
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LO distribution as an example of RF photonic signal remoting |
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381 | (4) |
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Demonstrations of wideband photonically controlled phased arrays |
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385 | (11) |
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Phase steering and true time delay (TTD) steering for wideband arrays |
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385 | (1) |
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True time delay demonstration systems |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (1) |
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L-band conformal radar with 96 elements |
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388 | (3) |
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SHF SATCOM array for transmit and receive |
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391 | (2) |
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Multibeam Rotman lens array controlled by an RF-heterodyne photonic BFN |
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393 | (3) |
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New architectures for photonic beam steering |
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396 | (5) |
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398 | (1) |
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398 | (3) |
| Index |
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401 | |
