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Rheology in Polymer Processing: Modeling and Simulation [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 392 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 243x175x27 mm, kaal: 1065 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Hanser Publications
  • ISBN-10: 1569906602
  • ISBN-13: 9781569906606
  • Formaat: Hardback, 392 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 243x175x27 mm, kaal: 1065 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Dec-2020
  • Kirjastus: Hanser Publications
  • ISBN-10: 1569906602
  • ISBN-13: 9781569906606
Rheology in Polymer Processing introduces the fundamentals of rheology and rheometry as the basis for modeling and computer-aided design in plastics processing. The logically structured content enables the reader to intelligently use the tools of computer-aided design and modeling of plastics processing, with correct interpretation of the results. The book presents difficult and complex issues of rheology and modeling in an accessible way, with particular emphasis on the practical engineering aspects. The software described in the book allows modeling all the important problems of plastics processing. Particular attention is paid to the extrusion process, which is fundamentally important as a processing technology in mass manufacture of plastic parts, and the basis of compounding processes (blending, filling, granulation, and reinforcement). This book is aimed equally at engineers, researchers, and scientists, as well as intermediate students, for whom it will serve as an ideal course book.
Preface vii
1 Rheology
1(88)
1.1 Fundamentals of Continuum Mechanics
1(22)
1.1.1 Stress
1(4)
1.1.2 Rate of Strain
5(3)
1.1.3 The Conservation Laws
8(1)
1.1.3.1 Conservation of Mass
8(3)
1.1.3.2 Conservation of Momentum
11(5)
1.1.3.3 Conservation of Energy
16(5)
1.1.4 Constitutive Equations
21(1)
1.1.5 The Basic Problem of Fluid Mechanics
22(1)
1.2 Viscosity
23(32)
1.2.1 The Concept of Viscosity
23(2)
1.2.2 Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids
25(3)
1.2.3 Viscosity of Polymers
28(7)
1.2.3.1 Effect of Temperature on Viscosity
35(2)
1.2.3.2 Effect of Pressure on Viscosity
37(1)
1.2.3.3 Effect of Molecular Weight on Viscosity
38(1)
1.2.3.4 Effect of Time of Deformation on Viscosity
39(1)
1.2.3.5 Effect of Crosslinking on Viscosity
40(1)
1.2.4 Rheological Models of Viscous Fluids
40(1)
1.2.4.1 Newtonian Fluid
40(7)
1.2.4.2 Generalized Newtonian Fluids
47(6)
1.2.5 Multiphase Systems of Polymers
53(2)
1.3 Viscoelasticity
55(34)
1.3.1 The Concept of Viscoelasticity
55(2)
1.3.2 Characteristic Phenomena of Viscoelasticity
57(2)
1.3.3 Linear Viscoelasticity
59(1)
1.3.3.1 The Concept of Linear Viscoelasticity
59(2)
1.3.3.2 Mechanical Rheological Models
61(5)
1.3.3.3 Time Effects of Viscoelasticity
66(9)
1.3.3.4 The General Differential Model of Linear Viscoelasticity
75(1)
1.3.4 Nonlinear Viscoelasticity
76(1)
1.3.4.1 The Concept of Nonlinear Viscoelasticity
76(1)
1.3.4.2 Normal Stress Differences
77(2)
1.3.4.3 Normal Stress Effects
79(4)
1.3.5 Rheological Models of Viscoelastic Liquids
83(1)
1.3.5.1 The Rivlin-Ericksen Model of Second Order
84(2)
1.3.5.2 The Criminale-Ericksen-Filbey Model
86(1)
1.3.5.3 The Maxwell Convective Model
86(1)
1.3.5.4 The White-Metzner Model
86(3)
2 Rheometry
89(40)
2.1 The Concept of Rheometry
89(1)
2.2 Classification of Rheometric Methods
90(5)
2.3 Single-Point Methods
95(4)
2.3.1 Melt Flow Index
95(3)
2.3.2 The Single-Point Method of Determination of Viscosity Curve
98(1)
2.4 Capillary Rheometers
99(18)
2.4.1 Principle of Operation
99(1)
2.4.2 Theoretical Basics
99(7)
2.4.3 Errors of Capillary Rheometry
106(6)
2.4.4 Determination of Viscosity
112(3)
2.4.5 Determination of Extensional Viscosity
115(1)
2.4.6 Determination of Normal Stresses
116(1)
2.5 Cone-Plate Rheometers
117(6)
2.5.1 Principle of Operation
117(1)
2.5.2 Theoretical Basics
118(5)
2.6 Extensional Rheometers
123(6)
2.6.1 Principle of Operation
123(1)
2.6.2 Theoretical Basics
124(5)
3 Polymer Processing
129(42)
3.1 Extrusion
129(20)
3.1.1 Introduction
129(4)
3.1.2 Single Screw Extrusion
133(5)
3.1.3 Twin Screw Extrusion
138(1)
3.1.3.1 Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extrusion
139(1)
3.1.3.2 Counter-Rotating Twin Screw Extrusion
140(2)
3.1.4 Extrusion Dies
142(7)
3.2 Injection Molding
149(8)
3.2.1 Introduction
149(1)
3.2.2 Injection Molding Process
150(3)
3.2.3 Injection Molds
153(3)
3.2.4 Special Injection Molding Processes
156(1)
3.3 Blow Molding
157(4)
3.3.1 Introduction
157(1)
3.3.2 Film Blowing
158(1)
3.3.3 Extrusion Blow Molding
159(1)
3.3.4 Injection Blow Molding
160(1)
3.4 Thermoforming
161(3)
3.4.1 Introduction
161(1)
3.4.2 Negative Thermoforming
162(1)
3.4.3 Positive Thermoforming
163(1)
3.5 Calendering
164(2)
3.6 Compression Molding
166(5)
4 Process Modeling
171(52)
4.1 Introduction
171(1)
4.2 Simple Flows
172(42)
4.2.1 Pressure Flows
172(1)
4.2.1.1 Flow between Parallel Plates
173(11)
4.2.1.2 Flow through a Circular Tube
184(8)
4.2.1.3 Flow through a Tapered Channel
192(1)
4.2.1.4 Flow through a Cone
193(1)
4.2.1.5 Flow through an Annulus
194(5)
4.2.1.6 Disk Flow
199(5)
4.2.1.7 Hele-Shaw Flow
204(3)
4.2.2 Drag Flows
207(1)
4.2.2.1 Isothermal Flow between Parallel Plates
208(2)
4.2.2.2 Non-Isothermal Flow between Parallel Plates
210(2)
4.2.3 Pressure-Drag Flow between Parallel Plates
212(2)
4.3 Numerical Methods
214(9)
4.3.1 Introduction
214(1)
4.3.2 Finite Difference Method
215(1)
4.3.2.1 Basic Formulations
215(2)
4.3.2.2 Example of Computations
217(6)
5 Modeling of Extrusion
223(72)
5.1 Introduction
223(1)
5.2 Single Screw Extrusion
224(41)
5.2.1 Physical Model of Extrusion
224(1)
5.2.2 Basic Assumptions of Extrusion Theory
225(3)
5.2.3 Solid Conveying
228(1)
5.2.3.1 Solid Conveying Mechanism
228(2)
5.2.3.2 Flow Rate
230(1)
5.2.3.3 Pressure Development
231(3)
5.2.4 Plasticating
234(1)
5.2.4.1 Pre-Melting
234(2)
5.2.4.2 Melting
236(9)
5.2.5 Melt Conveying in Conventional Screws
245(1)
5.2.5.1 Classification of Models
245(1)
5.2.5.2 Newtonian Model
246(9)
5.2.5.3 Non-Newtonian Model
255(2)
5.2.6 Melt Conveying in Non-Conventional Screws
257(1)
5.2.6.1 Dispersive Mixing Elements
257(3)
5.2.6.2 Distributive Mixing Elements
260(2)
5.2.7 Characteristics of Extruder Operation
262(3)
5.3 Extrusion Dies
265(27)
5.3.1 Classification of Dies
265(1)
5.3.2 Methodology of Modeling
266(1)
5.3.2.1 General Assumptions
266(2)
5.3.2.2 Newtonian Model
268(2)
5.3.2.3 Non-Newtonian Model
270(1)
5.3.2.4 The Concept of Representative Viscosity --
271(2)
5.3.3 Circular Dies
273(1)
5.3.4 Slit Dies
273(5)
5.3.5 Annular Dies
278(1)
5.3.5.1 Center Fed Mandrel Dies
279(1)
5.3.5.2 Side Fed Mandrel Dies
279(7)
5.3.6 Profile Dies
286(1)
5.3.6.1 Computation by Cross-Section Division
286(3)
5.3.6.2 Computation by Shape Correction
289(3)
5.4 Global Modeling
292(3)
6 Computer Modeling for Polymer Processing
295(78)
6.1 Overview of Computer Modeling Software
295(2)
6.2 CFD Modeling
297(51)
Adrian Lewandowski
6.2.1 ANSYS Polyflow - Program Overview
297(1)
6.2.2 Modeling Procedure
298(2)
6.2.3 Examples of Modeling
300(1)
6.2.3.1 Pressure Flow
300(17)
6.2.3.2 Extrudate Swell
317(4)
6.2.3.3 Extrudate Swell Inverse Problem
321(4)
6.2.3.4 Single Screw Extrusion
325(7)
6.2.3.5 Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extrusion
332(7)
6.2.3.6 Counter-Rotating Twin Screw Extrusion
339(9)
6.3 Injection Molding
348(11)
Krzysztof J. Wilczyftski
6.3.1 Autodesk Moldflow - Program Overview
348(1)
6.3.2 Modeling Procedure
349(1)
6.3.3 Examples of Modeling
350(1)
6.3.3.1 Gate Location
350(1)
6.3.3.2 Filling Analysis
351(1)
6.3.3.3 Flow Balancing
352(2)
6.3.3.4 Melt Flipper
354(5)
6.4 Extrusion
359(14)
Andrzej Nastaj
6.4.1 MULTI-SCREW System - Program Overview
359(2)
6.4.2 Modeling Procedure
361(1)
6.4.3 Examples of Modeling
361(1)
6.4.3.1 Single Screw Extrusion
361(7)
6.4.3.2 Twin Screw Extrusion
368(5)
Index 373