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Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones: Beyond First-Language Transfer [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 150 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 271 g, 22 Tables, black and white; 1 Illustrations, color
  • Sari: Utrecht Studies in Language and Communication 33
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: Brill
  • ISBN-10: 9004305971
  • ISBN-13: 9789004305977
Teised raamatud teemal:
Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones: Beyond First-Language TransferSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 150 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x155 mm, kaal: 271 g, 22 Tables, black and white; 1 Illustrations, color
  • Sari: Utrecht Studies in Language and Communication 33
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: Brill
  • ISBN-10: 9004305971
  • ISBN-13: 9789004305977
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9789004305977.html
Märksõnad:
Tones are the most challenging aspect of learning Chinese pronunciation for adult learners and traditional research mostly attributes tonal errors to interference from learners native languages. In Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones, Hang Zhang offers a series of cross-linguistic studies to argue that there are factors influencing tone acquisition that extend beyond the transfer of structures from learners first languages, and beyond characteristics extracted from Chinese. These factors include universal phonetic and phonological constraints as well as pedagogical issues. By examining non-native Chinese tone productions made by speakers of non-tonal languages (English, Japanese, and Korean), this book brings together theory and practice and uses the theoretical insights to provide concrete suggestions for teachers and learners of Chinese.

Arvustused

"This book is beyond doubt an excellent source that will surely benefit not only a community of linguists or psycholinguists who are interested in L2 acquisition but also classroom teachers and language learners with not much linguistic background." ~ Mengzhu Yan, Victoria University of Wellington, on Linguistlist (March 2019)

Preface ix
Acknowledgements x
List of Tables
xi
List of Figures
xii
List of Selected Abbreviations
xiii
Mandarin Tones xiii
1 Introduction
1(25)
1.1 Phonetics and Phonology of Mandarin Chinese Tones
2(6)
1.1.1 Phonetics of Tones
2(1)
1.1.2 Phonological Representations of Mandarin Chinese Tones
3(5)
1.2 Chinese Tone Variations
8(5)
1.2.1 Tone Coarticulation
8(1)
1.2.2 Tone Sandhi in Chinese
9(1)
1.2.2.1 The Variants of T3
9(3)
1.2.2.2 Other Tone Sandhi Processes
12(1)
1.3 Intonation in Chinese
13(2)
1.4 The Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones
15(8)
1.4.1 Musical Ability and the Acquisition of Tones
15(2)
1.4.2 The First Language Acquisition of Chinese Tones
17(1)
1.4.3 Tone Perception by Adult Learners
18(1)
1.4.4 The Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Tones: A Historical Perspective
19(4)
1.5 Organization of this Book
23(3)
2 Three Puzzles in Mandarin L2 Tone Acquisition
26(10)
2.1 Prosodic Structures of English, Japanese, and Korean
26(4)
2.1.1 English Prosodic Structure
27(1)
2.1.2 Japanese Prosodic Structure
28(1)
2.1.3 Korean Prosodic Structure
29(1)
2.2 Puzzles Surrounding the L2 Acquisition of Tones
30(6)
2.2.1 Puzzle 1: Positional Effects of Contour Tones
30(1)
2.2.2 Puzzle 2: Two Issues in L2 Studies on the Acquisition Order of Chinese Tones
31(3)
2.2.3 Puzzle 3: T3
34(2)
3 Methodology: Data Collection and Analysis
36(7)
3.1 Test Materials
36(2)
3.2 Participants and Recording Procedure
38(1)
3.3 Assessment of L2 Tones
39(3)
3.3.1 Correctness Judgments
39(2)
3.3.2 Pitch Values
41(1)
3.4 Data Analysis
42(1)
4 Coarticulation Effects in L2 Chinese Tones
43(17)
4.1 The Nature of Anticipatory Tone Coarticulation
44(3)
4.2 Research Questions and Hypotheses
47(2)
4.3 Results
49(8)
4.3.1 Research Question 1: Accuracy Rates of Contour Tones
50(3)
4.3.2 Research Question 2: Maximum Fo Values of T2 and T4
53(2)
4.3.3 Research Question 3: Error Types of Contour Tones
55(2)
4.4 Discussion
57(2)
4.5 Conclusion
59(1)
5 Phonological Universals and the Acquisition Order of Mandarin Tones
60(23)
5.1 Phonological Background
61(9)
5.1.1 Basic Concepts in Optimality Theory and the Tonal Markedness Scale
62(2)
5.1.2 OT in Language Acquisition Studies: Grammar Restructuring
64(1)
5.1.3 OCP Effects in Mandarin Chinese: An OT Account of Tg Sandhi
65(3)
5.1.4 Present Study: Hypotheses Regarding the TMS and the OCP in L2 Tones
68(2)
5.2 Results
70(6)
5.2.1 Results of OCP Test 1: The Change Rate of ITC and NITC
71(2)
5.2.2 OCP Test 2: The Acquisition Order of Tone Pairs and Effects of the TMS
73(2)
5.2.3 The Acquisition of Tone 3 Sandhi
75(1)
5.3 Discussion: An OT Account for the Acquisition of Identical Tone Sequences
76(5)
5.3.1 OCP(WholeTone) or OCP(ConstTone)
76(1)
5.3.2 Stages in L2 Tone Phonology Development
77(3)
5.3.3 An Alternative Account for the Effect of the OCP Interacting with the TMS
80(1)
5.4 Conclusion
81(2)
6 Acquisition of the Third Tone
83(29)
6.1 The Allophones and Sandhi Rules of Tone 3
84(1)
6.2 The Second Language Acquisition of T3
85(2)
6.2.1 The `Full-T3 First' Method
85(2)
6.2.2 The Present Study
87(1)
6.3 Methodology
87(6)
6.3.1 The Main Experiment (Experiment 1)
88(2)
6.3.2 The Supplemental Experiment (Experiment 2)
90(1)
6.3.2.1 Stimuli
90(2)
6.3.2.2 Subjects and Recording Procedures
92(1)
6.3.2.3 Analysis
92(1)
6.4 Results
93(11)
6.4.1 Perception of T3 Variants (Half-T3 and Full-T3)
93(2)
6.4.2 Production of Half-T3 and Raised-T3
95(1)
6.4.2.1 The Error Patterns of Half-T3 and Raised-T3
95(3)
6.4.2.2 Substitutions Used for Half-T3 and Raised-T3
98(4)
6.4.3 Production of Utterance-Final T3
102(2)
6.5 Discussion
104(6)
6.5.1 The Overproduction of Full-T3
104(2)
6.5.2 Implications
106(1)
6.5.2.1 Theoretical Implications: The Underlying Form of T3
107(1)
6.5.2.2 The `Half-T3 First' Method
108(2)
6.6 Conclusion
110(2)
7 Teaching Mandarin Chinese Tones
112(21)
7.1 Pedagogical Implications
112(4)
7.1.1 Pedagogical Implications of
Chapters 4-6
112(2)
7.1.2 From the Establishment of the Mental Representation of Tones to Motor Skills
114(2)
7.2 Current Prevailing Teaching Materials
116(7)
7.2.1 Tone Inventory Descriptions
118(1)
7.2.2 Methods of Study
119(3)
7.2.3 Exercises Aimed at Tone Training
122(1)
7.3 Sample Exercises
123(10)
References 133(14)
Index 147
Hang Zhang, Ph.D. (2013), is Assistant Professor of Chinese Language and Linguistics at George Washington University. She has published widely in academic journals including Second Language Research, Chinese as a Second Language, and International Journal of Applied Linguistics.