Preface |
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xv | |
About the Authors |
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xvii | |
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1 Introducing Telecommunications |
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1 | (35) |
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2 | (10) |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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Digital Transmission Systems |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (2) |
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1.2 Economics—Paying for It |
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12 | (8) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (5) |
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18 | (2) |
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1.3 Policy—Building Boundaries |
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20 | (16) |
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Communication Common Carriers |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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Legal Bases of Regulation |
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23 | (3) |
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Constitutional Bases of Regulation |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (4) |
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2 Telegraph to Telephone (to 1893) |
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36 | (28) |
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2.1 Technology—Limits and Opportunities |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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2.2 Telegraphy—Creating New Patterns (to 1860) |
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38 | (5) |
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38 | (2) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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2.3 Building a Telegraph Industry (1860-76) |
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43 | (7) |
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Supportive Role of Government |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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Impact of Instant Communication |
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48 | (1) |
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Submarine Telegraphy—Going International |
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49 | (1) |
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2.4 Telephony—Adding Voices (1876-85) |
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50 | (6) |
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Bell's Device—"Nothing Much New" |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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Building a Telephone System |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (1) |
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2.5 Developing the Telephone Industry (1885-93) |
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56 | (8) |
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Fractious Local Exchanges |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (6) |
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3 Era of Competition (1893-1921) |
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64 | (22) |
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3.1 Improving Technologies |
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65 | (5) |
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Switching—Connecting Everyone |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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Long Distance Transmission |
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67 | (1) |
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Wireless Telegraphy and Telephony |
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68 | (2) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (7) |
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Rise of the "Independents" |
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71 | (1) |
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Vail and AT&T Centralization |
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72 | (2) |
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Hell's Response to Competition |
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74 | (3) |
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3.3 Twisting Path of Government Regulation |
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77 | (9) |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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Wartime Government Control |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (4) |
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4 Regulated Monopoly (1921-56) |
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86 | (32) |
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4.1 Further Technological Advance |
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86 | (7) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (11) |
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Concepts of "Natural Monopoly" |
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93 | (2) |
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Rate-of-Return Regulation |
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95 | (4) |
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99 | (5) |
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4.3 Regulation—Setting a Pattern |
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104 | (4) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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FCC Telephone Investigation |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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4.4 Antitrust: The 1949 Suit |
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108 | (10) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (5) |
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5 Competition Reappears (1956-74) |
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118 | (27) |
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5.1 Technology—Adding Competitive Options |
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118 | (6) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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5.2 Terminal Equipment Competition |
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124 | (3) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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5.3 Opening Up Transmission |
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127 | (4) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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5.4 Creating Specialized Carriers |
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131 | (5) |
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131 | (2) |
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133 | (1) |
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Interconnection Negotiations |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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5.5 AT&T Responds to Competition |
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136 | (9) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (5) |
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6 Breaking Up Bell (1974-84) |
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145 | (33) |
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6.1 Filing Suits 147 MCI Brings Suit |
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147 | (4) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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6.2 A Defining Interlude—Execunet |
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151 | (3) |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (4) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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6.4 Breakup: Defining the MFJ |
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158 | (6) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (2) |
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Line of Business Restrictions |
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162 | (2) |
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164 | (4) |
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Concept—Limited Regional Power |
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164 | (3) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (10) |
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Rising Costs 168 Bypass Fear |
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170 | (8) |
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7 Operating Under the MFJ (1984-96) |
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178 | (50) |
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7.1 "Free the RBOC Seven" |
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178 | (7) |
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179 | (3) |
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182 | (2) |
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184 | (1) |
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7.2 Long Distance Marketplace |
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185 | (4) |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Long Distance Competition |
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188 | (1) |
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7.3 Changing Economic Policies |
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189 | (15) |
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190 | (3) |
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193 | (1) |
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Switched and Special Access |
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194 | (3) |
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Impact on Universal Service |
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197 | (2) |
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Accommodating Competition |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (3) |
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7.4 To Regulate or Not to Regulate |
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204 | (8) |
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204 | (4) |
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Computer Inquiry III and ONA |
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208 | (2) |
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Jurisdiction—Congress, the Courts, or the FCC? |
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210 | (2) |
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7.5 Exporting Deregulation |
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212 | (16) |
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Privatization and Liberalization |
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212 | (2) |
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214 | (3) |
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217 | (1) |
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Global Investments, Mergers, and Joint Ventures |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (9) |
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8 Innovating New Services (1980's/1990's) |
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228 | (30) |
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228 | (3) |
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228 | (1) |
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229 | (2) |
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231 | (3) |
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Emerging Role of Wireless |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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Changing Cellular Standards |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (6) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (6) |
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241 | (1) |
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Cable/Telephone Ownership |
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241 | (2) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (2) |
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8.5 Internet and Information |
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246 | (12) |
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Early Information Services |
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246 | (2) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (4) |
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253 | (5) |
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9 1996 Act and Aftermath (1996-2000) |
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258 | (55) |
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9.1 Why Change Took So Long |
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259 | (4) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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9.2 Legislating Competition and Convergence |
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263 | (5) |
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(Re)Introducing Local Competition |
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264 | (2) |
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The "War of All Against All" |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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9.3 Streamlining Government |
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268 | (2) |
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Easing FCC Rules and Regulations |
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268 | (1) |
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Redefining State and Local Roles |
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269 | (1) |
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9.4 Redefining Universal Service |
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270 | (9) |
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Creating a National Policy |
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271 | (2) |
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273 | (5) |
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From Universal Service to Universal Access? |
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278 | (1) |
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9.5 The FCC Implements New Regulations |
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279 | (9) |
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279 | (3) |
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282 | (2) |
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284 | |
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271 | (15) |
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286 | (2) |
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288 | (6) |
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289 | (2) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (2) |
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9.7 Appeals, Delay, Decisions, and Impact |
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294 | (20) |
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294 | (2) |
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296 | (3) |
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299 | (2) |
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301 | (12) |
10 Meltdown...and the Future (Since 2000) |
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313 | (47) |
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314 | (6) |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (2) |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (8) |
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Investment: Frenzy to Freeze |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (1) |
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323 | (2) |
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325 | (2) |
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327 | (1) |
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328 | (10) |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (3) |
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Fourth: Interexchange Carriers |
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334 | (1) |
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Fifth: Wireless Providers |
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335 | (2) |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (7) |
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"Promise" of the 1996 Act |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (2) |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (2) |
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10.5 Looking to the Future |
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345 | (15) |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (9) |
Appendices |
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A. Regulatory Concepts in Telecommunications Economics, Finance, and Accounting |
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360 | (16) |
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360 | (7) |
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367 | (5) |
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372 | (4) |
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376 | (8) |
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384 | (10) |
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394 | (4) |
References |
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398 | (13) |
Author Index |
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411 | (4) |
Subject Index |
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415 | |