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Slow Cities: Conquering our Speed Addiction for Health and Sustainability [Pehme köide]

(Honorary Associate Professor of Geography, School of Science at UNSW Canberra, Australia), (Director, WALK21 and Honorary Research Fellow, Staffordshire University, UK)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 422 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 610 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 17-Jun-2020
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128153164
  • ISBN-13: 9780128153161
Teised raamatud teemal:
Slow Cities: Conquering our Speed Addiction for Health and SustainabilitySuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 422 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 610 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 17-Jun-2020
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128153164
  • ISBN-13: 9780128153161
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780128153161.html
Märksõnad:

Slow Cities: Conquering Our Speed Addiction for Health and Sustainability demonstrates, counterintuitively, that reducing the speed of travel within cities saves time for residents and creates more sustainable, liveable, prosperous and healthy environments.

This book examines the ways individuals and societies became dependent on transport modes that required investment in speed. Using research from multiple disciplinary perspectives, the book demonstrates ways in which human, economic and environmental health are improved with a slowing of city transport. It identifies effective methods, strategies and policies for decreasing the speed of motorised traffic and encouraging a modal shift to walking, cycling and public transport. This book also offers a holistic assessment of the impact of speed on daily behaviours and life choices, and shows how a move to slow down will—perhaps surprisingly—increase accessibility to the city services and activities that support healthy, sustainable lives and cities.

  • Includes cases from cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia.
  • Uses evidence-based research to support arguments about the benefits of slowing city transport.
  • Adopts a broad view of health, including the health of individuals, neighbourhoods and communities as well as economic health and environmental health.
  • Includes text boxes, diagrams and photos illustrating the slowing of transport in cities throughout the world, and a list of references including both academic sources and valuable websites.

Arvustused

"This book challenges paradigms suggesting personal independence depends on high-speed automobile travel. The book is densely referenced and introduces key terms such as "complete streets." The authors also discuss the difficulty of adopting their recommendations, but this book will become an important contribution." --© Doodys Review Service, 2020, John T. Pierce, MBBS(MD) PhD(Navy Environmental Health Center) reviewer, expert opinion

"Slow cities give you more time. How that works goes to how we conceive and colonise planet Earth. Two new works bookend this question in a way that seems tailored to this particular historical instant. One is David Attenboroughs extraordinary new film, A Life on Our Planet, which recounts humanitys "greatest mistake" and how we can fix it. The other is a book Slow Cities by Paul Tranter and Rodney Tolley examining the same issue from the other end of the telescope.

The 20th century was focused largely on burning the past to expand the present. For a century, speed and efficiency have been our gods. But theyre dangerous and duplicitous deities, making us destroy our cities and our planet and still not delivering the promised time savings.

Our speed addiction is every bit as destructive as dependence on speed of the other sort. As with most destructive behaviours, the excuse is economic, but Tranter and Tolley point out that this too is illusory. Slow cities foster cafe economies: resilient, small-scale, healthy, with far lower health, land, infrastructure and transport costs. Plus theres the economic benefit of actually surviving.

Planners, listen up. Theres not much point in building our way out of pandemic if it drives us over the cliff of climate change. The future, if were to have one, will be slower, closer and inestimably more interesting." --Farrelly, E. 2020, Build slower cities or keep careering towards disaster, Sydney Morning Herald, 17 October, 2020. A Sydney Morning Herald article by Elizabeth Farrelly provides a commentary on Slow Cities: Conquering our speed addiction for health and sustainability relating the ideas in the book to David Attenboroughs new film A Life On Our Planet.

Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Part I Speed
1 Introduction: changing cultures of speed
1.1 Introduction: a faster route to health
3(5)
1.2 Holistic perspectives on slowing city transport
8(1)
1.3 Increasing speed: technological advances throughout history
9(2)
1.4 The growing cultural obsession with speed and time saving
11(3)
1.5 Motordom --- constructing a culture of speed in the city
14(8)
1.6 New thinking, new thinkers
22(4)
1.7 The growing momentum towards `slower' city transport
26(3)
1.8 The rise of slow movements
29(2)
1.9 Conclusion
31(2)
1.10 Preview of the book
33(1)
References
34(5)
2 The benefits of speed for individuals: real or illusory?
2.1 Introduction
39(1)
2.2 A long history of valuing speed
40(1)
2.3 Problems with seeing speed as `valuable'
40(6)
2.4 Speed, excitement and bodily pleasure
46(2)
2.5 The elusive excitement of speed
48(2)
2.6 Claimed advantages of faster transport for individuals and households
50(1)
2.7 Do individuals and households really benefit from faster transport?
51(8)
2.8 Conclusion
59(2)
References
61(4)
3 The benefits of speed for economy and society: challenging the dominant narrative
3.1 Introduction
65(1)
3.2 Speed, industrialism and capitalism
66(6)
3.2.1 Is speed good for capitalism and economic growth?
66(1)
3.2.2 Downsides of capitalism and economic growth supported by speed
67(5)
3.3 Speed in visions of the modern city
72(8)
3.3.1 The celebration of speed in visions of the modern city
72(3)
3.3.2 Alternative visions for the modern city: the role of `slower' modes
75(5)
3.4 Speed and time savings in transport modelling and planning
80(12)
3.4.1 Speed and time savings: the myth
80(1)
3.4.2 Debunking the time saving myth: how speed induces destinations to move further apart
81(11)
3.5 Conclusion
92(1)
References
93(4)
4 The `slow paradox': how speed steals our time
4.1 Introduction
97(1)
4.2 The quest for speed in the city
98(2)
4.3 The `slow paradox' and effective speed
100(3)
4.4 Effective speeds of different modes
103(5)
4.5 The futility of increasing trip speeds
108(5)
4.6 Countering arguments against effective speed
113(3)
4.7 Increasing speeds, yet increased time pressure
116(2)
4.8 Slowing down to speed up in city traffic
118(1)
4.9 Travel time budgets: `slower cities' spend less time travelling
118(3)
4.10 Other ways the `slower' modes save time
121(1)
4.11 Conclusion
122(1)
References
122(7)
Part II Health
5 Keeping the doctor away: promoting human health through slower travel
5.1 Introduction
129(1)
5.2 Promoting personal physical health through the `slower' modes
130(6)
5.2.1 Introduction
130(1)
5.2.2 Physical activity and health
130(1)
5.2.3 Active travel as a beneficial form of physical activity
131(5)
5.3 `Slower' modes and personal mental health
136(8)
5.3.1 How can walking and cycling improve mental health?
136(1)
5.3.2 Mental health effects of transport choice by journey purpose
137(7)
5.4 Incidental public health benefits of active travel
144(16)
5.4.1 Reduction in the frequency and severity of crashes
144(4)
5.4.2 Reduction in pollution and greenhouse gas emissions
148(1)
5.4.3 Enhancing social capital
149(2)
5.4.4 Increasing accessibility for the transport deprived
151(9)
5.5 Conclusion
160(1)
References
161(8)
6 Advancing environmental health in future `slow cities'
6.1 Introduction
169(1)
6.2 Holistic assessments of speed's impact on environmental health
170(1)
6.3 Energy consumption
171(5)
6.4 Pollution
176(4)
6.4.1 Introduction
176(1)
6.4.2 Air pollution
176(2)
6.4.3 Noise pollution
178(1)
6.4.4 Water consumption, pollution and waste disposal
179(1)
6.5 Greenhouse gas levels
180(6)
6.6 Consumption of space in the transport system
186(5)
6.7 Sprawl: the link with speed
191(2)
6.8 Rebound impacts
193(1)
6.9 Conclusion
193(1)
References
194(5)
7 Slower, richer, fairer: better economic health in `slow cities'
7.1 Introduction
199(1)
7.2 Economic health of individuals and families in the `slow city'
200(5)
7.2.1 Introduction
200(1)
7.2.2 Lower transport costs in the `slow city'
200(1)
7.2.3 Lower medical costs in the `slow city'
201(1)
7.2.4 Contrasts in home equity between `slow' and `fast' cities
201(2)
7.2.5 Gentrification as a potential disbenefit for economically disadvantaged people in the `slow city'
203(2)
7.3 Economic health of businesses in the `slow city'
205(13)
7.3.1 Introduction
205(1)
7.3.2 Benefits of the'slow city'for retailers
206(8)
7.3.3 Enhanced commercial property values in the `slow city'
214(1)
7.3.4 Boosting the knowledge economy through walkability
215(1)
7.3.5 Summary of business impacts of `slow cities'
216(2)
7.4 Governance: the economic health of `slow cities'
218(7)
7.4.1 Introduction
218(1)
7.4.2 Reduced transport externalities
219(6)
7.5 Pathways to slower cities in the Global South
225(3)
7.6 Conclusion
228(1)
References
228(7)
Part III Strategies
8 Hit the brakes: slowing existing motorised traffic
8.1 Introduction
235(1)
8.2 What interventions?
236(1)
8.3 Lower posted speed limits
236(3)
8.4 Speed enforcement measures and techniques
239(1)
8.5 Physical traffic calming
239(1)
8.6 Lower speed limits alone compared with a combination of signs and calming
240(2)
8.7 The woonerf and the home zone
242(2)
8.8 Play streets and school streets
244(3)
8.9 Shared streets and psychological traffic calming
247(6)
8.10 Self-explaining roads
253(2)
8.11 The `safe systems approach' and Vision Zero
255(9)
8.11.1 Introduction
255(1)
8.11.2 What is the safe systems approach?
255(2)
8.11.3 Vision Zero: achievements and challenges
257(7)
8.12 Safer vehicles and safer roads through technology: the allure of autonomous vehicles
264(2)
8.13 Conclusion
266(1)
References
267(6)
9 Slow modes, slow design, slow spaces: new goals for traffic management and planning
9.1 Introduction
273(1)
9.2 Land use and street organisation in the `slower city'
274(8)
9.2.1 Relationships between land use and traffic
274(1)
9.2.2 Land use and street organisation in the `slower city': seven Ds and a P
274(6)
9.2.3 Zoning for a `slower city'
280(2)
9.3 Traffic management approaches to slowing the city
282(15)
9.3.1 Introduction
282(1)
9.3.2 Promote and encourage cycling
283(2)
9.3.3 Promote and encourage walking
285(5)
9.3.4 Micromobility devices
290(3)
9.3.5 Promote and encourage public transport
293(4)
9.4 Restrictions on road capacity for motorised vehicles
297(11)
9.4.1 Introduction
297(1)
9.4.2 Reclaiming space for walking and cycling
297(1)
9.4.3 Creating plazas from street space
298(1)
9.4.4 Redesigning and activating streets to encourage public transport
298(1)
9.4.5 Narrowing motorised travel lanes
299(1)
9.4.6 Developing `complete streets'
300(1)
9.4.7 Providing spaces reserved for people on foot
300(2)
9.4.8 Area-wide motorised traffic restrictions
302(1)
9.4.9 Filtered permeability
302(3)
9.4.10 Removing roads
305(1)
9.4.11 Summary
306(2)
9.5 The future impact of autonomous vehicles on land use planning and traffic management
308(1)
9.6 Conclusion
309(2)
References
311(4)
10 A new vision for the city: transforming behaviours, values and cultures
10.1 Introduction: demand management as a critical element of policy for `slow cities'
315(1)
10.2 Voluntary transportation demand management
316(9)
10.2.1 Introduction
316(1)
10.2.2 Voluntary travel behaviour change
317(3)
10.2.3 Social marketing
320(1)
10.2.4 Critical views of behaviour change and social marketing
321(4)
10.3 Physical, operational, financial/pricing and organisational TDM approaches
325(5)
10.3.1 Introduction
325(1)
10.3.2 Physical TDM interventions
325(1)
10.3.3 Operational TDM interventions
325(2)
10.3.4 Financial/pricing TDM interventions
327(1)
10.3.5 Organisational TDM interventions
328(1)
10.3.6 The need for both carrots and sticks in the integration of TDM strategies
329(1)
10.4 Transforming cultural values and institutional frameworks
330(17)
10.4.1 Introduction
330(1)
10.4.2 Vision and leadership at the city level
331(4)
10.4.3 Knowledge
335(1)
10.4.4 Professional skills
336(3)
10.4.5 Resources
339(3)
10.4.6 Policies, strategies and community interventions
342(3)
10.4.7 Cooperation and partnerships
345(1)
10.4.8 Summary
346(1)
10.5 Conclusion
347(2)
References
349(6)
11 Conclusion: re-imagining the city for a healthier future
11.1 Introduction
355(2)
11.2 A child-friendly vision for a future `slow city'
357(1)
11.3 The child-friendly transport modes
358(2)
11.4 Children's playful exploration in a child-friendly city
360(2)
11.5 Reducing children's vulnerability by slowing the city
362(5)
11.6 Involving children in the creation of slow cities'
367(1)
11.7 The role of slowing transport in responding to global challenges
368(3)
11.8 Cognitive dissonance surrounding the disadvantages of speed
371(3)
11.9 Re-imagining opportunities for achieving the `slow city'
374(7)
11.9.1 Re-imagining goals
374(2)
11.9.2 Re-imagining attitudes
376(2)
11.9.3 Re-imagining outcomes
378(3)
11.10 Conclusion: a `Manifesto for 21st Century Slow Cities'
381(3)
References
384(5)
Afterword 389(4)
Index 393
Paul is an Honorary Associate Professor of Geography in the School of Science at UNSW Canberra, Australia, where his research focuses on two critical and related issues for modern cities: childrens well-being and the dominance of speed and mobility in urban planning and society. His research demonstrates that child-friendly modes (walking, cycling and public transport) are also the modes that (paradoxically) reduce time pressure for urban residents. He co-authored Children and Their Urban Environment: Changing Worlds (Routledge, 2011), and co-edited Risk, Protection, Provision and Policy, Volume 12 in Geographies of Children and Young People (Springer, 2017). Rodney Tolley has researched and written in the field of active, sustainable transport for over 40 years. He was Reader in Geography at Staffordshire University in the UK until 2004, and is now the Conference Director of Walk21, a global partnership of walking researchers and practitioners. He is the Founding Director of Rodney Tolley Walks and is an experienced international speaker and consultant. He makes time to walk every day.