This book presents the results of the Interdisciplinary Research Group "Society – Water – Technology" of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. It describes interdisciplinary evaluation criteria for major water engineering projects (MWEPs) and portrays an application to the Lower Jordan Valley (Middle East) and the Fergana Valley (Central Asia). Both areas are characterised by transboundary conflicts, by challenges due to demographic and climate change and by political and societal pressures. Based on the findings, the book provides recommendations for science and political decisions makers as well as for international financing institutions. In addition, it outlines research gaps from an interdisciplinary perspective.
In the past, MWEPs have been used as an instrument to cope with the demands of growing populations and to enhance development progress. Experiences with MWEPs have shown that a purely technical approach has not always brought about the desired results. In many cases, MWEPs have even resulted in negative implications for society and environment. Therefore, improved management strategies and enhanced technologies for a sustainable water resource management system are a prerequisite to meet present and future challenges. And, moreover, the continuous evaluation and optimisation of these measures is, likewise, a must.
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This is an open access book, the electronic versions are freely accessible online.
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Part I Context and Objectives |
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1 Introduction: A Critical Appraisal of Major Water Engineering Projects and the Need for Interdisciplinary Approaches |
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3 | (8) |
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2 Water Ethics -- Orientation for Water Conflicts as Part of Inter- and Transdisciplinary Deliberation |
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11 | (22) |
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Part II Major Water Engineering Projects -- Challenges, Problems, Opportunities |
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3 Major Water Engineering Projects: Definitions, Framework Conditions, Systemic Effects |
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33 | (14) |
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4 A Global View on Future Major Water Engineering Projects |
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47 | (18) |
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5 Neglected Values of Major Water Engineering Projects: Ecosystem Services, Social Impacts, and Economic Valuation |
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65 | (14) |
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6 Water Governance: A Systemic Approach |
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79 | (10) |
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7 Research in Two Case Studies: Irrigation and Land Use in the Fergana Valley and Water Management in the Lower Jordan Valley |
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89 | (12) |
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Part III The Fergana Valley -- Uzbekistan's Hydro-Agricultural System Between Inertia and Change |
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8 Between Multiple Transformations and Systemic Path Dependencies |
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101 | (12) |
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9 From Upscaling to Rescaling: Transforming the Fergana Basin from Tsarist Irrigation to Water Management for an Independent Uzbekistan |
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113 | (16) |
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10 Irrigation Infrastructure in Fergana Today: Ecological Implications - Economic Necessities |
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129 | (20) |
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11 Where Water Meets Agriculture: The Ambivalent Role of Water Users Associations |
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149 | (20) |
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12 Theory, the Market and the State: Agricultural Reforms in Post Socialist Uzbekistan Between Economic Incentives and Institutional Obstacles |
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169 | (20) |
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Part IV The Lower Jordan Valley -- The Red Sea-Dead Sea Conveyance Project and Its Complex History |
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13 Water Resources, Cooperation and Power Asymmetries in the Water Management of the Lower Jordan Valley: The Situation Today and the Path that Has Led There |
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189 | (16) |
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14 Reclaiming the Dead Sea: Alternatives for Action |
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205 | (22) |
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Abdallah I. Husein Malkawi |
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15 Jordan's Shadow State and Water Management: Prospects for Water Security Will Depend on Politics and Regional Cooperation |
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227 | (26) |
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16 Technologies, Incentives and Cost Recovery: Is There an Israeli Role Model? |
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253 | (26) |
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Part V Outlook and Options for Action |
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17 Lessons Learnt, Open Research Questions and Recommendations |
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279 | (14) |
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| Index |
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Reinhard F. Hüttl Reinhard F. Hüttl is chairman of the board and scientific executive director of the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (GFZ). He is member of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (BBAW) and president of the German Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech). He is a professor of the Soil Protection and Recultivation Department at the Brandenburg Technical University in Cottbus (BTU) and spokesperson of the Interdisciplinary Research Group Society Water Technology at the BBAW. Hüttl, R. F., Schwartze, S. (2013): Editorial: Zentralasien; ein Reallabor und Observatorium für die Geowissenschaften. System Erde, 3(2), p. 55. Grünewald, U., Bens, O., Fischer, H., Hüttl, R. F. J., Kaiser, K., Knierim, A. (Eds.) (2012): Wasserbezogene Anpassungsmaßnahmen an den Landschafts- und Klimawandel, Stuttgart: Schweizerbart, 299. Hüttl, R. F., Bens, O. (Eds.) (2012): Georessource Wasser Herausforderung Globaler Wandel: Beiträgezu einer integrierten Wasserressourcenbewirtschaftung in Deutschland, acatech Studie, München. Frede, H.-G., Bücker, A., Hüttl, R. F. et al. (2012): Wassernutzung und Wassereffizienz in Landschaften. In: Hüttl, R. F., Bens, O. (Eds.): Georessource Wasser Herausforderung Globaler Wandel: Beiträge zu einer integrierten Wasserressourcenbewirtschaftung in Deutschland, acatech Studie, München, p. 91157. Germer, S., Bens, O., Hüttl, R. F. (2011): Global Change: Challenges for Regional Water Resources, Editorial. Die Erde, 142(1-2). Hüttl, R. F, Emmermann, R., Germer, S., Naumann, M., Bens, O. (Eds.) (2011): Globaler Wandel und regionale Entwicklung. Anpassungsstrategien in der Region Berlin-Brandenburg, Heidelberg: Springer.
Oliver Bens Oliver Bens is head of staff of the scientific executive board of the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (GFZ). As a geoscientist, he is responsible for the research field earth and environment and in charge of media and communication at GFZ. He is a member of the Brandenburg Council for Sustainable Development. Hoechstetter, S., Bens, O., Bismuth, C. (2013): Konflikte um die Georessource Wasser in Zentralasien: Analyse und Neuausrichtung von Entwicklungspfaden im Ferganatal. System Erde, 3(2) p. 5055. Grünewald, U., Bens, O., Fischer, H., Hüttl, R. F. J., Kaiser, K., Knierim, A. (Eds.) (2012): Wasserbezogene Anpassungsmaßnahmen an den Landschafts- und Klimawandel, Stuttgart: Schweizbart. Hüttl, R. F., Bens, O. (Eds. ) (2012): Georessource Wasser Herausforderung Globaler Wandel: Beiträge zu einer integrierten Wasserressourcenbewirtschaftung in Deutschland, acatech Studie, München. Frede, H.-G., Bücker, A., Bens, O. et al. (2012): Wassernutzung und Wassereffizienz in Landschaften . In: Hüttl, R. F., Bens, O. (Eds.): Georessource Wasser Herausforderung Globaler Wandel: Beiträge zu einer integrierten Wasserressourcenbewirtschaftung in Deutschland, acatech Studie, München, p. 91157. Germer, S., Bens, O. & Hüttl, R. F. (2011): Global Change : Challenges for Regional Water Resources, Editorial. Die Erde, 142(1-2). Hüttl, R. F, Emmermann, R., Germer, S., Naumann, M., Bens, O. (Eds.) (2011): Globaler Wandel und regionale Entwicklung. Anpassungsstrategien in der Region Berlin-Brandenburg, Heidelberg: Springer.
Sebastian Hoechstetter Sebastian Hoechstetter is a research consultant and a research associate at the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (GFZ). With a geoecological background his research interests include landscape ecology, climate adaptation, urban ecology and water research. He is a research associate in the Interdisciplinary Research Group Society Water Technology at the BBAW. Hoechstetter, S., Bens, O., Bismuth, C. (2013): Konflikte um die Georessource Wasser in Zentralasien: Analyse und Neuausrichtung von Entwicklungspfaden im Ferganatal. System Erde, 3(2), p. 5055. Hoechstetter, S. (2009): Enhanced methods for analysing landscape structure: Landscape metrics for characterising three-dimensional patterns and ecological gradients, (Fernerkundung und angewandte Geoinformatik; 6), Rhombos Verlag.
Christine Bismuth Christine Bismuth is the scientific coordinator of the Interdisciplinary Research Group Society Water Technology at the BBAW. She is an environmental scientist and has worked as a research associate at the Institute of Earth and Environmental Science at the University of Potsdam. Hoechstetter, S., Bens, O., Bismuth, C. (2013): Konflikte um die Georessource Wasser in Zentralasien: Analyse und Neuausrichtung von Entwicklungspfaden im Ferganatal. System Erde, 3(2), p. 5055.
