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South-Western Federal Taxation 2022: Corporations, Partnerships, Estates and Trusts (Intuit ProConnect Tax Online & RIA Checkpoint�, 1 term Printed Access Card) 45th edition [Kõva köide]

(Northern Illinois University), (San José State University), (University of Houston), (University of Wisconsin - Whitewater)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: South-Western College Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 0357519248
  • ISBN-13: 9780357519240
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 1024 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 43x218x279 mm, kaal: 2222 g, Contains 1 Hardback and 1 Digital online
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: South-Western College Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 0357519248
  • ISBN-13: 9780357519240
Teised raamatud teemal:
Master the latest tax law and recent changes impacting corporations, partnerships, estates and trusts and financial statements with SOUTH-WESTERN FEDERAL TAXATION 2022: CORPORATIONS, PARTNERSHIPS, ESTATES & TRUSTS, 45E and accompanying professional tax software. This reader-friendly presentation emphasizes the most recent tax changes and 2021 developments with coverage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and related guidance from the treasury department. Recent examples, updated summaries and current tax scenarios clarify concepts and help sharpen critical-thinking, writing and research skills, while sample questions from Becker C.P.A. Review help you study. Each new book includes access to Intuit ProConnect tax software and Checkpoint (Student Edition) from Thomson Reuters as well as CengageNOWv2 online homework tools. Use these resources to prepare for the C.P.A. exam or Enrolled Agent exam or to launch a career in tax accounting, financial reporting or auditing.
Part 1 Introduction to Taxation and Business Entities
Chapter 1 Understanding And Working With The Federal Tax Law
1(1)
The Big Picture: Importance of Tax Research
1(1)
The Whys Of The Tax Law
2(1)
Revenue Needs
2(1)
Economic Considerations
2(1)
Social Considerations
3(1)
Equity Considerations
4(4)
Political Considerations
8(1)
Influence of the Internal Revenue Service
9(2)
Influence of the Courts
11(2)
Summary
13(1)
Reconciling Accounting Concepts
13(1)
Working With The Tax Law--Tax Sources
13(1)
Statutory Sources of the Tax Law
14(3)
Administrative Sources of the Tax Law
17(3)
Judicial Sources of the Tax Law
20(2)
Concept Summary: Federal Judicial System
22(3)
Concept Summary: Judicial Sources
25(2)
Other Sources of the Tax Law
27(1)
Working With The Tax Law--Locating And Using Tax Sources
28(1)
Commercial Tax Services
28(1)
Financial Disclosure Insights: Where Does GAAP Come From?
29(1)
Using Electronic (Online) Tax Services
29(1)
Noncommercial Electronic (Online) Tax Sources
30(2)
Working With The Tax Law--Tax Research
32(1)
Identifying the Problem
32(2)
Locating the Appropriate Tax Law Sources
34(1)
Assessing the Validity of Tax Law Sources
34(1)
Ethics & Equity: Choosing Cases for Appeal
35(1)
Arriving at the Solution or at Alternative Solutions
36(1)
Communicating Tax Research
37(1)
Working With The Tax Law--Tax Planning
38(1)
Nontax Considerations
38(1)
Components of Tax Planning
38(2)
Follow-Up Procedures
40(1)
Tax Planning--A Practical Application
40(1)
Taxation On The Cpa Examination
40(1)
Preparation Blueprints
41(1)
Regulation Section
41
Chapter 2 The Deduction For Qualified Business Income For Noncorporate Taxpayers
1(1)
The Big Picture: Entrepreneurial Pursuits
1(1)
Tax Treatment Of Various Business Forms
2(1)
Sole Proprietorships
2(1)
Partnerships
3(1)
Corporations
3(3)
Concept Summary: Tax Treatment of Business Forms Compared
6(1)
Global Tax Issues: U.S. Corporate Taxes and International Business Competitiveness
7(1)
Limited Liability Companies
7(1)
The Tax Cuts And Jobs Act (TCJA) Of 2017 And Entity Tax Rates
8(1)
Challenges of Lowering Tax Rates
8(1)
Lowering Tax Rates for Different Business Forms
9(1)
The Deduction For Qualified Business Income
10(1)
General Rule
10(1)
The Overall Limitation: Modified Taxable Income
10(1)
Definition of Qualified Business Income
11(1)
Definition of a Qualified Trade or Business
11(2)
Limitations on the QBI Deduction
13(1)
Limitation Based on Wages and Capital Investment
14(1)
Concept Summary: An Overview of the 2021 Qualified Business Income Deduction
15(3)
Limitation for "Specified Services" Businesses
18(8)
Reporting the Qualified Business Income Deduction
26(1)
Aggregation of Qualified Trades and Businesses Under the § 199A Regulations
27(5)
Treatment of Losses
32(2)
Coordination with Other Rules
34(1)
Considerations for Partnerships and S Corporations
35(1)
Other Items in the § 199A Regulations
35(1)
Tax Planning
36(1)
Corporate versus Noncorporate Forms of Business Organization
36(1)
Optimizing the Deduction for Qualified Business Income
37(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Entrepreneurial Pursuits
37
Part 2 Corporations
Chapter 3 Corporations: Introduction And Operating Rules
1(1)
The Big Picture: A Halt-Baked ideal
1(1)
An Introduction To The Income Taxation Of Corporations
2(1)
An Overview of Corporate versus Individual Income Tax Treatment
2(1)
Specific Provisions Compared
3(1)
Accounting Periods and Methods
4(1)
Capital Gains and Losses
5(1)
Recapture of Depreciation
6(1)
Business Interest Expense Limitation
7(2)
Passive Activity Losses
9(1)
Concept Summary: Special Rules Applicable to Personal Service Corporations (PSCs)
9(1)
Charitable Contributions
10(2)
Excessive Executive Compensation
12(1)
Net Operating Losses
13(1)
Deductions Available Only to Corporations
13(2)
Ethics & Equity: Pushing the Envelope on Year-End Planning
15(2)
Concept Summary: Income Taxation of Individuals and Corporations Compared
17(2)
Determining The Corporate Income Tax Liability
19(1)
Corporate Income Tax Rates
19(1)
Alternative Minimum Tax
19(1)
Restrictions on Corporate Accumulations
20(1)
Procedural Matters
21(1)
Filing Requirements for Corporations
21(1)
Estimated Tax Payments
21(1)
Schedule M-1 --Reconciliation of Income (Loss) per Books with Income per Return
22(1)
Schedule M-2--Analysis of Unappropriated Retained Earnings per Books
23(1)
Schedule M-3--Net Income (Loss) Reconciliation for Corporations with Total Assets of $10 Million or More
23(1)
Concept Summary: Conceptual Diagram of Schedule M-1 (Form 1120)
24(2)
Effect of Taxes on the Financial Statements
26(1)
Form 1120 Illustrated
27(9)
Consolidated Returns
36(1)
Tax Planning
36(1)
Corporate versus Noncorporate Forms of Business Organization
36(1)
Operating the Corporation
37(2)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Cooked to Perfection
39
Chapter 4 Corporations: Organization And Capital Structure
1(1)
The Big Picture: The Vehicle for Business Growth Is the Corporate Form
1(1)
Organization Of And Transfers To Controlled Corporations
2(1)
Section 351 Rationale and General Rules
2(1)
Global Tax Issues: Tax Reform Adds a New Wrinkle to the Choice of Organizational Form When Operating Overseas
3(2)
Concept Summary: Shareholder Consequences: Taxable Corporate Formation versus Tax-Deferred § 351 Transaction
5(1)
Property Defined
5(1)
Stock Transferred
6(1)
Control of the Corporation
6(4)
Basis Determination and Related Issues
10(1)
Concept Summary: Tax Consequences to the Shareholders and Corporation: With and Without the Application of § 351 (Based on the Facts of Example 16)
11(3)
Assumption of Liabilities--§ 357
14(3)
Concept Summary: Tax Consequences of Liability Assumption
17(1)
Capital Structure Of A Corporation
18(1)
Capital Contributions
18(1)
Debt in the Capital Structure
18(3)
Investor Losses
21(1)
Stock and Security Losses
21(1)
Business versus Nonbusiness Bad Debts
21(1)
Ethics & Equity: Can a Loss Produce a Double Benefit?
21(2)
Section 1244 Stock
23(1)
Gain From Qualified Small Business Stock
24(1)
Tax Planning
24(1)
Working with §351
24(2)
Selecting Assets to Transfer
26(1)
Debt in the Capital Structure
26(1)
Investor Losses
27(1)
Corporations versus Flow-Through Entities
28(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: The Vehicle for Business Growth Is the Corporate Form
29
Chapter 5 Corporations: Earnings & Profits And Dividend Distributions
1(1)
The Big Picture: Taxing Corporate Distributions
1(1)
Corporate Distributions--Overview
2(1)
Earnings And Profits (E&P)--§ 312
3(1)
Computation of E & P
3(3)
Summary of E & P Adjustments
6(1)
Concept Summary: E & P Adjustments
7(1)
Current versus Accumulated E & P
8(1)
Allocating E & P to Distributions
8(1)
Concept Summary: Allocating E & P to Distributions
9(3)
Ethics & Equity: Shifting E&P
12(1)
Dividends
12(1)
Rationale for Reduced Tax Rates on Dividends
12(1)
Qualified Dividends
13(1)
Property Dividends
14(2)
Concept Summary: Noncash Property Distributions
16(1)
Constructive Dividends
16(3)
Stock Dividends and Stock Rights
19(2)
Tax Planning
21(1)
Corporate Distributions
21(2)
Planning for Qualified Dividends
23(1)
Constructive Dividends
24(2)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Taxing Corporate Distributions
26
Chapter 6 Corporations: Redemptions And Liquidations
1(1)
The Big Picture: Family Corporations and Stock Redemptions
1(1)
Stock Redemptions--In General
2(1)
Stock Redemptions--Sale Or Exchange Treatment
3(1)
Global Tax Issues: Foreign Shareholders Prefer Sale or Exchange Treatment in Stock Redemptions
4(1)
Historical Background and Overview
4(1)
Concept Summary: Summary of the Qualifying Stock Redemption Rules
5(1)
Stock Attribution Rules
5(2)
Concept Summary: Tax Consequences of Stock Redemptions to Shareholders
7(1)
Not Essentially Equivalent Redemptions
7(1)
Disproportionate Redemptions
8(1)
Complete Termination Redemptions
9(1)
Partial Liquidations
9(2)
Redemptions to Pay Death Taxes
11(1)
Stock Redemptions--Effect On The Corporation
11(1)
Recognition of Gain or Loss
12(1)
Effect on Earnings and Profits
12(1)
Redemption Expenditures
12(1)
Stock Redemptions--Preferred Stock Bailouts
12(1)
Background
13(1)
Tax Consequences
13(1)
Section 306 Stock
13(1)
Liquidations--In General
14(1)
The Liquidation Process
14(1)
Liquidating and Nonliquidating Distributions Compared
14(1)
Liquidations--Effect On The Distributing Corporation
15(1)
The General Rule
15(1)
Antistuffing Rules
16(3)
Concept Summary: Summary of Antistuffing Loss Disallowance Rules
19(1)
Liquidations--Effect On The Shareholder
20(1)
Ethics & Equity: Transferee Liability for Tax Deficiency of Liquidated Corporation
20(1)
Liquidations--Parent-Subsidiary Situations
21(1)
Minority Shareholder Interests
21(1)
Global Tax Issues: Basis Rules for Liquidations of Foreign Subsidiaries
21(1)
Indebtedness of the Subsidiary to the Parent
22(1)
Basis of Property Received by the Parent Corporation--The General Rule
22(1)
Basis of Property Received by the Parent Corporation--§ 338 Election
23(1)
Concept Summary: Summary of Liquidation Rules
23(2)
Tax Planning
25(1)
Stock Redemptions
25(1)
Corporate Liquidations
26(1)
Parent-Subsidiary Liquidations
27(1)
Asset Purchase versus Stock Purchase
27(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: A Family Attribution Waiver Is a Valuable Tool in Succession Planning
28
Chapter 7 Corporations: Reorganizations
1(1)
The Big Picture: Structuring Acquisitions
1(1)
Corporate Reorganizations
2(1)
Different Types of Reorganizations
2(1)
Tax Consequences in a Tax-Free Reorganization
3(1)
Concept Summary: Gain and Basis Rules for Nontaxable Exchanges
3(2)
Concept Summary: Basis to Acquiring Corporation of Property Received
5(1)
Types Of Tax-Free Reorganizations
6(1)
Type A
6(2)
Type B
8(2)
Type C
10(2)
Type D
12(3)
Type E
15(1)
Concept Summary: Summary of Type A Through Type D Reorganizations: Advantages and Disadvantages
16(1)
Type F
17(1)
Type G
17(1)
Judicial Doctrines
18(1)
Sound Business Purpose
18(1)
Continuity of Interest
18(1)
Continuity of Business Enterprise
19(1)
Continuity of Business Enterprise
19(1)
Step Transaction
19(1)
Ethics & Equity: Poison Pills
19(1)
Tax Attribute Carryovers
19(1)
Financial Disclosure Insights: Acquisitions Can Have Negative Consequences
20(1)
Allowance of Carryovers
20(1)
Net Operating Loss Carryovers
20(2)
Earnings and Profits
22(1)
Concept Summary: Treatment of E&P Carried to Successor
23(1)
Other Carryovers
23(1)
Concept Summary: Summary of Carryover Rules
24(1)
Tax Planning
24(1)
Concept Summary: Comprehensive Summary of Corporate Reorganizations
25(1)
Target Liabilities
25(1)
Assessing Restructuring Options
25(2)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Structuring Acquisitions
27
Chapter 8 Consolidated Tax Returns
1(1)
The Big Picture: A Corporation Contemplates a Merger
1(1)
The Consolidated Return Rules
2(1)
Motivations to Consolidate
2(1)
Source and Philosophy of Consolidated Return Rules
3(1)
Ethics & Equity: Delegating Authority to the Nonelected
4(1)
Assessing Consolidated Return Status
4(1)
Financial Disclosure Insights: GAAP and Tax Treatment of Consolidations
5(1)
Electing Consolidated Return Status
6(1)
Concept Summary: The Consolidated Return Election
6(1)
Affiliated Group
7(1)
Affiliated versus Controlled Group
7(2)
Eligibility for the Consolidation Election
9(1)
Compliance Requirements
10(4)
State Tax Effects
14(1)
Concept Summary: The Consolidated Tax Return
14(1)
Stock Basis Of Subsidiary
14(1)
Consolidated Taxable Income
15(1)
Computational Procedure
16(1)
Typical Intercompany Transactions
17(2)
Global Tax Issues: Consolidated Returns and NOLs
19(4)
Group Items
23(2)
The Matching Rule
25(1)
Concept Summary: Consolidated Taxable Income
26(1)
Tax Planning
27(1)
Choosing Consolidated Return Partners
27(1)
Consolidation versus 100 Percent Dividends Received Deduction
27(1)
Protecting the Group Members' Liability for Tax Payments
27(1)
Excess Loss Accounts
27(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Should the Affiliated Group File a Consolidated Return?
28
Chapter 9 Taxation Of International Transactions
1(1)
The Big Picture: Going International
1(2)
Overview Of International Taxation
3(2)
Tax Treaties
5(1)
Global Tax Issues: CO WD-19 and Permanent Establishment
6(1)
Sourcing Of Income And Deductions
6(1)
Income Sourcing Rules
7(2)
Allocation and Apportionment of Deductions
9(1)
Concept Summary: The Sourcing Rules
10(1)
Transfer Pricing
10(1)
Ethics & Equity: The Costs of Good Tax Planning
11(3)
Foreign Currency Gain/Loss
14(1)
U.S. Persons With Offshore Income
15(1)
Export Property, Licenses, Foreign Branches
15(2)
Financial Disclosure Insights: Overseas Operations and Book-Tax Differences
17(1)
Concept Summary: The Foreign Tax Credit
17(1)
Tax Havens
18(1)
Offshore (Foreign) Corporations Controlled by U.S. Persons
19(2)
Concept Summary: Subpart F Income and a CFC
21(2)
Concept Summary: Components of Subpart F Income
23(1)
Movement Toward a More Territorial System
23(2)
U.S. Taxation Of Nonresident Aliens And Foreign Corporations
25(1)
Nonresident Alien Individuals
25(2)
Foreign Corporations
27(1)
Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act
28(1)
Expatriation to Avoid U.S. Taxation
28(1)
Reporting Requirements
29(1)
Tax Planning
29(1)
The Foreign Tax Credit Limitation and Sourcing Provisions
29(1)
Transfer Pricing
30(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Going International
31
Part 3 Flow-Through Entities
Chapter 10 Partnerships: Formation, Operation, And Basis
1(1)
The Big Picture: Why Use a Partnership, Anyway?
1(1)
Overview Of Partnership Taxation
2(1)
What Is a Partnership?
2(2)
Concept Summary: Comparison of Partnership Types
4(1)
Key Concepts in Taxation of Partnership Income
4(2)
Formation Of A Partnership: Tax Effects
6(1)
Contributions to the Partnership
6(1)
Exceptions to the General Rule of § 721
7(2)
Other Issues Related to Contributed Property
9(2)
Concept Summary: Partnership Formation and Initial Basis Computation
11(1)
Tax Accounting Elections
11(1)
Initial Costs of a Partnership
12(1)
Method of Accounting
12(1)
Taxable Year of the Partnership
13(1)
Partnership Operations And Reporting
14(1)
Partnership Reporting, In General
14(1)
Measuring Partnership Income
15(3)
Form 1065 Example
18(5)
Financial Disclosure Insights: Financial Reporting for Partnerships
23(1)
Partner Calculations And Reporting
24(1)
Partner Reporting of Partnership Income
24(2)
Partner Allocations
26(2)
Schedule K-1 Example
28(2)
Concept Summary: Tax Reporting of Partnership Items
30(1)
Ethics & Equity: Built-in Appreciation on Contributed Property
30(1)
Partner's Basis
31(1)
Effect of Partnership Liabilities on Partner's Basis
32(3)
Partner's Capital Account
35(1)
Concept Summary: Comparing a Partner's Tax Basis and Capital Account
36(1)
Loss Limitations
36(2)
Othertaxes On Partnership Income
38(1)
Global Tax Issues: Withholding Requirements fornon-U.S. Partners
38(1)
Self-Employment Tax
39(1)
Net Investment Income Tax
39(1)
Tax Planning
40(1)
Choosing Partnership Taxation
40(1)
Formation and Operation of a Partnership
41(1)
Basis Considerations and Loss Deduction Limitations
41(1)
Concept Summary: Major Advantages and Disadvantages of the Partnership Form
41(1)
Partnership Reporting Requirements
42(1)
Transactions between Partners and Partnerships
42(1)
Drafting the Partnership Agreement
42(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Why Use a Partnership, Anyway?
43
Chapter 11 Partnerships: Distributions, Transfer Of Interests, And Terminations
1(1)
The Big Picture: The Life Cycle of a Partnership
1(1)
Distributions From A Partnership
2(1)
Distributions in General
2(2)
Concept Summary: Hot Assets
4(1)
Proportionate Current Distributions
4(3)
Ethics & Equity: Arranging Tax-Advantaged Distributions
7(1)
Concept Summary: Proportionate Current Distributions (General Rules)
8(1)
Proportionate Liquidating Distributions
8(3)
Property Distributions with Special Tax Treatment
11(1)
Concept Summary: Proportionate Liquidating Distributions When the Partnership Also Liquidates (General Rules)
12(1)
Disproportionate Distributions
13(1)
Section 736--Liquidating Distributions To Retiring Or Deceased Partners
14(1)
General Partners in Service-Providing Partnerships
14(2)
Limited Partners or Capital-intensive Partnerships
16(1)
Tax Treatment of § 736 Payments
16(3)
Concept Summary: Liquidating Distributions of Cash When the Partnership Continues
19(1)
Sale Of A Partnership Interest
19(1)
General Rules
19(2)
Hot Assets and Carried Interests
21(2)
Concept Summary: Sale of a Partnership Interest
23(1)
Global Tax Issues: A Partnership Isn't Always a Partnership--Complications in the Global Arena
23(1)
Other Dispositions Of Partnership Interests
24(1)
Transfers to a Corporation
24(1)
Death of a Partner
24(1)
Gifts
24(1)
Section 754--Optional Adjustments To Property Basis
25(1)
Adjustment: Sale or Exchange of an Interest
26(1)
Adjustment: Partnership Distributions
27(2)
Concept Summary: Basis Adjustments under § 754
29(1)
Other Issues
29(1)
Termination of a Partnership
29(1)
Family Partnerships
30(1)
Global Tax Issues: Sale of Global Partnership Interests
31(1)
Limited Liability Companies
31(1)
Limited Liability Partnerships
32(1)
Partnership Administration and Anti-Abuse
32(1)
Tax Planning
32(1)
Planning Partnership Distributions
32(1)
Sales and Exchanges of Partnership Interests
33(1)
Comparing Sales to Liquidations
33(2)
Other Partnership Issues 11-34 Refocus on the Big Picture: The Life Cycle of a Partnership
35
Chapter 12 S Corporations
1(1)
The Big Picture: Deductibility of Losses and the Choice of Business Entity
1(1)
Choice Of Business Entity
2(1)
An Overview of S Corporations
2(1)
Qualifying For S Corporation Status
3(1)
Defining an S Corporation
3(2)
Making the Election
5(1)
Shareholder Consent
6(1)
Loss of the Election
7(2)
Operational Rules
9(1)
Taxable Income
9(3)
Qualified Business Income Deduction
12(1)
Allocation of Income and Loss
12(1)
Distributions to Shareholders
13(1)
Concept Summary: Classification Procedures for Distributions from an S Corporation
14(4)
Noncash Property Distributions
18(1)
Concept Summary: Consequences of Noncash Distributions
18(1)
Shareholder's Basis in S Stock
19(2)
Treatment of Losses
21(1)
Tax on Pre-Election Built-in Gain
22(1)
UFO Recapture Tax
23(1)
Passive Investment Income Penalty Tax
23(1)
Other Operational Rules
24(1)
Tax Planning
25(1)
When the Election Is Advisable
25(1)
Concept Summary: Making an S Election
25(1)
Making a Proper Election
26(1)
Operation of the S Corporation
26(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Using a Pass-Through Entity to Achieve Deductibility of Losses
27
Part 4 Advanced Tax Practice Considerations
Chapter 13 Comparative Forms Of Doing Business
1(1)
The Big Picture: Selection of a Tax Entity Form
1(1)
Forms Of Doing Business
2(1)
Nontax Factors
3(1)
Capital Formation
3(1)
Limited Liability
4(1)
Other Factors
4(1)
Single Versus Double Taxation
4(1)
Overall Effect on Entity and Owners
4(2)
Alternative Minimum Tax
6(1)
State Taxation
6(1)
Global Tax Issues: Tax Rates and Economic Activity
7(1)
Controlling The Entity Tax
7(1)
Favorable Treatment of Certain Fringe Benefits
8(1)
Minimizing Double Taxation
8(3)
Considering the Qualified Business Income Deduction
11(1)
Conduit Versus Entity Treatment
11(1)
Effect on Recognition at Time of Contribution to the Entity
11(1)
Effect on Basis of Ownership Interest
12(1)
Ethics & Equity: Income Tax Basis That Does Not Change?
13(1)
Effect on Results of Operations
13(1)
Effect on Recognition at Time of Distribution
14(1)
Effect on Passive Activity Losses
15(1)
Effect of At-Risk Rules
15(1)
Effect of Special Allocations
16(1)
FICA, Self-Employment Taxes, And Nut
17(1)
FICA
17(1)
Self-Employment Tax
17(1)
Net Investment Income Tax (NUT)
18(1)
Effect on the Entity and Its Owners
18(1)
Disposition Of A Business Or An Ownership Interest
19(1)
Sole Proprietorship
19(1)
Partnership and Limited Liability Company
20(1)
C Corporation
21(1)
S Corporation
22(1)
Converting To Other Entity Types
23(1)
Sole Proprietorship
23(1)
C Corporation
23(1)
Partnership or LLC
23(1)
Overall Comparison Of Forms Of Doing Business
24(1)
Concept Summary: Tax Attributes of Different Forms of Business (Assume That Partners and Shareholders Are All Individuals)
24(4)
Tax Planning
28(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Selection of a Tax Entity Form
29
Chapter 14 Taxes In The Financial Statements
1(1)
The Big Picture: Taxes in the Financial Statements
1(1)
Accounting For Income Taxes--Basic Principles
2(1)
Book-Tax Differences
2(3)
Concept Summary: Common Book-Tax Differences
5(1)
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and ASC 740
5(2)
Capturing, Measuring, And Recording Tax Expense--The Provision Process
7(1)
Current Tax Expense
8(1)
Global Tax Issues: Accounting for Income Taxes under International Standards
9(1)
Deferred Tax Expense
9(1)
Financial Disclosure Insights: The Book-Tax Income Gap
9(5)
The Valuation Allowance
14(1)
Global Tax Issues: Tax Losses and the Deferred Tax Asset
15(2)
Tax Disclosures In The Financial Statements
17(1)
Presentation of Amounts Recognized in the Financial Statements
17(1)
The Financial Statement Footnotes
18(1)
The Effective Tax Rate Reconciliation
18(2)
Special Issues
20(1)
The Financial Accounting for Tax Uncertainties
20(1)
Concept Summary: Recognizing the Tax Benefits of Uncertain Tax Positions Under ASC 740-10
21(3)
Ethics & Equity: Disclosing Aggressive Tax Positions
24(1)
Effects of Statutory Tax Rate Cha nges
24(1)
Repeal of the Corporate Alternative MinimumTax
25(1)
The Corporate Tax Department
25(1)
Concept Summary: The Income Tax Provision Process
26(1)
Benchmarking
26(1)
Methods of Analysis
27(1)
Tax Rate Sustainability
28(1)
Uses of Benchmarking Analysis
28(1)
Concept Summary: Benchmarking Analysis
29(1)
Tax Planning
29(1)
Releasing Valuation Allowances
29(1)
Comparing Tax Savings
30(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Taxes in the Financial Statements
31
Chapter 15 Exempt Entities
1(1)
The Big Picture: Effect of a For-Profit Business on a Tax-Exempt Entity
1(2)
Types Of Exempt Organizations
3(1)
Characteristics Of Exempt Entities
3(1)
Serving the Common Good
3(1)
Not-for-Profit Entity
3(1)
Use of Net Earnings
3(2)
Concept Summary: Consequences of Exempt Status
5(1)
Taxes On Exempt Entities
5(1)
Taxable Transactions
5(3)
Feeder Organizations
8(1)
Private Foundations
8(1)
Tax Consequences of Private Foundation Status
8(2)
Concept Summary: Exempt Organizations: Classification
10(1)
Taxes Imposed on Private Foundations
11(1)
Unrelated Business Income Tax
12(1)
Unrelated Trade or Business
13(3)
Unrelated Business Taxable Income
16(2)
Concept Summary: Unrelated Business Income Tax
18(1)
Reporting Requirements
19(1)
Obtaining Exempt Organization Status
19(1)
Annual Filing Requirements
19(1)
Disclosure Requirements
20(1)
Tax Planning
21(1)
Choosing an Exempt Classification
21(1)
Maintaining Exempt Status
21(1)
Private Foundation
22(1)
Unrelated Business Income Tax
22(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Effect of a For-Profit Business on a Tax-Exempt Entity
23
Chapter 16 Multistate Corporate Taxation
1(1)
The Big Picture: Making a Multistate Location Decision
1(1)
Corporate State Income Taxation
2(1)
Computing State Income Tax
2(1)
State Modifications
3(1)
The UDITPA and the Multistate Tax Commission
3(3)
Jurisdiction to Impose Tax: Nexus and Public Law 86-272
6(1)
Nexus in Today's Economy
7(1)
Concept Summary: Multistate Taxation
8(1)
Apportionment And Allocation Of Income
8(1)
The Apportionment Procedure
9(1)
Apportionable Income
9(2)
Apportionment Factors: Elements and Planning
11(1)
Concept Summary: Apportionable Income
12(1)
The Sales Factor
13(1)
The Payroll Factor
14(2)
The Property Factor
16(1)
Financial Disclosure Insights: State/Local Taxes and the Tax Expense
17(1)
The Unitary Theory
18(1)
What Is a Unitary Business?
19(1)
Tax Effects of the Unitary Theory
19(2)
Consolidated and Combined Returns
21(1)
Global Tax Issues: Water's Edge Is Not a Day at the Beach
21(1)
Concept Summary: Using Apportionment Formulas
22(1)
Taxation Of S Corporations
22(1)
Eligibility
22(1)
State Tax Filing Requirements
22(1)
Taxation Of Partnerships And LLCS
23(1)
Other State And Local Taxes
23(1)
State and Local Sales and Use Taxes
23(2)
Local Property Taxes
25(1)
Other Taxes
26(1)
Ethics & Equity: Encouraging Economic Development through Tax Concessions
27(1)
Tax Planning
28(1)
Selecting the Optimal State in Which to Operate
28(1)
Restructuring Corporate Entities
29(2)
Subjecting the Corporation's Income to Apportionment
31(1)
Ethics & Equity: Can You Be a Nowhere Adviser?
32(1)
Planning with Apportionment Factors
32(1)
Sales/Use Tax Compliance
33(1)
Capital Stock Taxation
33(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Making a Multistate Location Decision
33
Chapter 17 Tax Practice And Ethics
1(1)
The Big Picture: A Tax Adviser's Dilemma
1(1)
Tax Administration
2(1)
Organizational Structure of the IRS
3(1)
IRS Procedure--Letter Rulings
4(1)
IRS Procedure--Other Issuances
4(1)
Ethics & Equity: Tax Compliance Costs
5(1)
Administrative Powers of the IRS
5(1)
The Audit Process
6(1)
Ethics & Equity: Can the IRS Pretend to Be Your Friend?
7(2)
The Taxpayer Appeal Process
9(1)
Offers in Compromise and Closing Agreements
10(1)
Ethics & Equity: Our Taxing System of Self-Assessment
11(1)
Interest
12(1)
Concept Summary: Working with the IRS
13(1)
Taxpayer Penalties
13(5)
Ethics & Equity: First-Time Tax Violators Can Get Off with Just a Warning
18(3)
Statute of Limitations
21(1)
The Tax Profession And Tax Ethics
22(1)
The Tax Professional
22(1)
Regulating Tax Preparers
23(1)
IRS Rules Governing Tax Practice
23(1)
Preparer Penalties
24(2)
Privileged Communications
26(1)
AICPA Statements on Standards for Tax Services
27(3)
Concept Summary: Tax Profession and Ethics
30(1)
Tax Planning
30(1)
Strategies in Seeking a Letter Ruling
30(1)
Considerations in Handling an IRS Audit
30(1)
Statute of Limitations
31(1)
Litigation Considerations
32(1)
Penalties
32(1)
Ethics in the Tax Practice
32(1)
Privileged Communications
33(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: A Tax Adviser's Dilemma
33
Part 5 Family Tax Planning
Chapter 18 The Federal Gift And Estate Taxes
1(1)
The Big Picture: An Eventful and Final Year
1(1)
Transfer Taxes--In General
2(1)
Nature of the Taxes
2(1)
Global Tax Issues: U.S. Transfer Taxes and NRAs
3(1)
Concept Summary: Formula for the Federal Gift Tax
4(1)
Concept Summary: Formula for the Federal Estate Tax
4(1)
Valuation Issues
5(1)
Key Property Concepts
6(1)
The Federal Gift Tax
7(1)
General Considerations
7(1)
Ethics & Equity: It's the Thought That Counts
7(2)
Transfers Subject to the Gift Tax
9(1)
Annual Gift Tax Exclusion
10(1)
Deductions
11(1)
Computing the Federal Gift Tax
11(1)
Procedural Matters
12(1)
Concept Summary: Federal Gift Tax Provisions
13(1)
The Federal Estate Tax
13(1)
Gross Estate
14(5)
Concept Summary: Federal Estate Tax Provisions--Gross Estate
19(1)
Taxable Estate
19(4)
Estate Tax Credits
23(1)
Global Tax Issues: Treaty Relief Is Not Abundant!
24(1)
Procedural Matters
25(1)
Concept Summary: Federal Estate Tax Provisions--Taxable Estate and Procedural Matters
25(1)
The Generation-Skipping Transfer Tax
25(1)
Inter-Generational Transfers
25(1)
The Tax on Generation-Skipping Transfers
26(1)
Tax Planning
26(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: An Eventful and Final Year
27
Chapter 19 Family Tax Planning
1(1)
The Big Picture: Lifetime Giving--the Good and the Bad
1(1)
Valuation Concepts
2(1)
Valuation Issues
2(1)
Valuation of Specific Assets
3(1)
Ethics & Equity: One Way to Handle Loans to Troublesome In-Laws
4(1)
Ethics & Equity: Can IRS Valuation Tables Be Disregarded?
5(1)
Real Estate and the Special Use Valuation Method
5(1)
Valuation Problems with a Closely Held Business
6(4)
Concept Summary: Valuation of Transferred Assets
10(1)
Income Tax Concepts
10(1)
Basis of Property Acquired by Gift
10(1)
Basis of Property Acquired by Death
11(2)
Concept Summary: Income Tax Basis of Transferred Assets
13(1)
Gift Planning
13(1)
Minimizing Gift Taxes
14(1)
Minimizing Estate Taxes
14(1)
Income Tax Considerations
15(2)
Estate Planning
17(1)
Probate Costs
17(1)
Transfer Tax Deductions
17(3)
Providing Estate Liquidity
20(2)
Nontax Estate Planning Issues
22(1)
Concept Summary: Estate and Gift Tax Planning
22(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Lifetime Giving--the Good and the Bad
23
Chapter 20 Income Taxation Of Trusts And Estates
1(1)
The Big Picture: Setting Up a Trust to Protect a Family
1(1)
Fiduciary Income Taxation
2(1)
What Is a Trust?
2(3)
What Is an Estate?
5(1)
Nature Of Trust And Estate Taxation
5(1)
Concept Summary: Tax Characteristics of Major Pass-Through Entities
6(1)
Tax Accounting Periods and Methods
6(1)
Tax Rates and Personal Exemption
6(1)
Alternative Minimum Tax
7(1)
Additional Tax on Net Investment Income
8(1)
Taxable Income Of Trusts And Estates
8(1)
Entity Accounting Income
8(3)
Gross Income
11(2)
Ethics & Equity: To Whom Can I Trust My Pet?
13(1)
Ordinary Deductions
13(2)
Deductions for Losses
15(1)
Charitable Contributions
15(1)
Deduction for Distributions to Beneficiaries
16(1)
Concept Summary: Uses of the DNI Amount
17(2)
Tax Credits
19(1)
Concept Summary: Principles of Fiduciary Income Taxation
20(1)
Taxation Of Beneficiaries
20(1)
Distributions by Simple Trusts
20(1)
Distributions by Estates and Complex Trusts
20(2)
Character of Income
22(1)
Grantor Trusts
23(2)
Procedural Matters
25(1)
Tax Planning
25(1)
A Trust or an Estate as an Income-Shifting Device
25(1)
Income Tax Planning for Estates
26(1)
Distributions of In-Kind Property
27(1)
Ethics & Equity: Who Should Be a Trustee?
27(1)
Deductibility of Administrative Expenses
27(1)
Duties of an Executor
28(1)
Additional Taxes on Capital Gains and Net Investment Income
28(1)
Refocus on the Big Picture: Setting Up a Trust to Protect a Family
29
APPENDICES
Tax Formulas, Tax Rate Schedules, And Tables
1(1)
Tax Forms
1(1)
Glossary
1(1)
Table Of Code Sections Cited
1(1)
Present Value And Future Value Tables
1(1)
Index 1
William A. Raabe, Ph.D., C.P.A., was the University of Wisconsin Distinguished Professor of Taxation. He taught at Ohio State, Arizona State, the Capital University (Ohio) Law School and the Universities of Wisconsin (Milwaukee and Whitewater). A graduate of Carroll University (Wisconsin) and the University of Illinois, Dr. Raabes teaching and research interests have included international and multistate taxation, technology in tax education, personal financial planning and the economic impact of sports teams and fine arts groups. Dr. Raabe has also written the PricewaterhouseCoopers Tax Case Studies and has written extensively about book-tax differences in financial reporting. Dr. Raabe has served as a visiting tax faculty member for a number of public accounting firms, bar associations and C.P.A. societies. He has received numerous teaching awards, including the Accounting Educator of the Year award from the Wisconsin Institute of C.P.A.s. He has been the faculty adviser for student teams in the Deloitte Tax Case Competition (coaching national finalists at three different schools) as well as the PricewaterhouseCoopers Extreme Tax policy competition (coaching a national finalist). James C. Young is the PwC Professor of Accountancy Emeritus at Northern Illinois University. A graduate of Ferris State University (B.S.) and Michigan State University (M.B.A. and Ph.D.), Jims research focuses on taxpayer responses to the income tax using archival data. His dissertation received the PricewaterhouseCoopers/American Taxation Association Dissertation Award, and his subsequent research has received funding from a number of organizations, including the Ernst & Young Foundation Tax Research Grant Program. His work has been published in a variety of academic and professional journals, including the National Tax Journal, The Journal of the American Taxation Association and Tax Notes. Jim is a Northern Illinois University Distinguished Professor, received the Illinois CPA Society Outstanding Accounting Educator Award in 2012 and has received university teaching awards from Northern Illinois University, George Mason University and Michigan State University. Annette Nellen, J.D., CPA, CGMA, directs San José State Universitys graduate tax program (MST) and teaches courses in tax research, tax fundamentals, accounting methods, property transactions, employment tax, ethics, leadership and tax policy. Professor Nellen is a graduate of CSU Northridge, Pepperdine (MBA) and Loyola Law School. Prior to joining SJSU in 1990, she was with a Big 4 firm and the IRS. At SJSU, Professor Nellen is a recipient of the Outstanding Professor and Distinguished Service Awards. Professor Nellen is an active member of the tax sections of the AICPA and American Bar Association, including chairing the AICPA Virtual Currency Task Force. In 2013, she received the AICPA Arthur J. Dixon Memorial Award, the highest award given by the accounting profession in the area of taxation. Professor Nellen is the author of Bloomberg BNA Tax Portfolio, Amortization of Intangibles. She has published numerous articles in the AICPA Tax Insider, Tax Adviser, Tax Notes State and The Journal of Accountancy. She is a research fellow with the Silicon Valley Institute for Regional Studies. Professor Nellen has testified before the House Ways and Means, Senate Finance Committees and other committees on Federal and state tax reform. Professor Nellen maintains the 21st Century Taxation Website and blog (21stcenturytaxation.com) as well as websites on tax policy and reform, virtual currency and state tax issues (sjsu.edu/people/annette.nellen/). Dr. William H. Hoffman, Jr., earned his B.A. and J.D. degrees from the University of Michigan before serving in the Korean War as an of?cer in the U.S. Armys Judge Advocate General Corps. Following his return from military service, he completed his M.B.A. and Ph.D. degrees from The University of Texas at Austin. Dr. Hoffman was a licensed C.P.A. and attorney in Texas. Recognized for his teaching excellence, Dr. Hoffman's academic experience included working with The University of Texas, Louisiana State University and the University of Houston. During his time in Houston, Dr. Hoffman served as a professor, mentor and doctoral adviser to countless students and colleagues. Between 1977 and 1980, he established what is now the SOUTH-WESTERN FEDERAL TAXATION SERIES. A frequently requested professional speaker, Dr. Hoffman addressed many tax institutes and conferences and published extensively in academic and professional journals. His articles have appeared in The Journal of Taxation, The Tax Adviser, TaxesThe Tax Magazine, The Journal of Accountancy, The Accounting Review and Taxation for Accountants.