Preface |
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xiii | |
Special Acknowledgements |
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xxi | |
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xxiii | |
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xxvii | |
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xxxiii | |
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xxxv | |
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1 | (38) |
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1 | (9) |
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1.1.1 Connected Environments |
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2 | (3) |
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1.1.2 Evolution of Wireless Communication |
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5 | (5) |
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1.1.3 Third Generation Partnership Project |
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10 | (1) |
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1.2 Cognitive Radio Technology |
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10 | (10) |
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1.2.1 Spectrum Accessing/Sharing Techniques |
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13 | (1) |
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1.2.1.1 Interweave Spectrum Access |
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14 | (3) |
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1.2.1.2 Underlay Spectrum Access |
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17 | (1) |
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1.2.1.3 Overlay Spectrum Access |
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17 | (1) |
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1.2.1.4 Hybrid Spectrum Access |
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17 | (3) |
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1.3 Implementation of CR Networks |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (12) |
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27 | (12) |
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2 Advanced Frame Structures in Cognitive Radio Networks |
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39 | (16) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (3) |
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40 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Spectrum Accessing Strategies |
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41 | (2) |
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2.3 Proposed Frame Structures for HSA Technique |
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43 | (2) |
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2.4 Analysis of Throughput and Data Loss |
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45 | (2) |
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2.5 Simulations and Results |
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47 | (3) |
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50 | (5) |
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51 | (4) |
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3 Cognitive Radio Network with Spectrum Prediction and Monitoring Techniques |
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55 | (22) |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (2) |
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3.2.1 Spectrum Prediction |
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57 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Spectrum Monitoring |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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3.3.1 System Model for Approach-1 |
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59 | (1) |
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3.3.2 System Model for Approach-2 |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (6) |
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3.4.1 Throughput Analysis Using Approach-1 |
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61 | (4) |
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3.4.2 Analysis of Performance Metrics of the Approach-2 |
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65 | (2) |
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3.5 Results and Discussion |
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67 | (5) |
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3.5.1 Proposed Approach-1 |
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67 | (2) |
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3.5.2 Proposed Approach-2 |
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69 | (3) |
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72 | (5) |
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72 | (5) |
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4 Effect of Spectrum Prediction on Cognitive Radio Networks |
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77 | (20) |
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77 | (3) |
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4.1.1 Spectrum Access Techniques |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (6) |
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86 | (2) |
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4.4 Simulation Results and Discussion |
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88 | (5) |
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93 | (4) |
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93 | (4) |
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5 Effect of Imperfect Spectrum Monitoring on Cognitive Radio Networks |
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97 | (24) |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (2) |
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99 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Spectrum Monitoring |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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5.4 Performance Analysis of Proposed System Using Imperfect Spectrum Monitoring |
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102 | (8) |
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5.4.1 Computation of Ratio of the Achieved Throughput to Data Loss |
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108 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Computation of Power Wastage |
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108 | (1) |
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5.4.3 Computation of Interference Efficiency |
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109 | (1) |
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5.4.4 Computation of Energy Efficiency |
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109 | (1) |
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5.5 Results and Discussion |
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110 | (5) |
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115 | (6) |
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116 | (5) |
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6 Cooperative Spectrum Monitoring in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Networks |
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121 | (26) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (2) |
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6.4 Performance Analysis of Proposed CRN |
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126 | (6) |
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6.4.1 Computation of Achieved Throughput and Data Loss |
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130 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Computation of Interference Efficiency |
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131 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Computation of Energy Efficiency |
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131 | (1) |
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6.5 Results and Discussion |
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132 | (11) |
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6.5.1 Homogeneous Cognitive Radio Network |
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132 | (2) |
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6.5.2 Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Networks |
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134 | (9) |
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143 | (4) |
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143 | (4) |
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7 Spectrum Mobility in Cognitive Radio Networks Using Spectrum Prediction and Monitoring Techniques |
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147 | (20) |
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147 | (4) |
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151 | (2) |
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153 | (3) |
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7.4 Results and Discussion |
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156 | (6) |
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162 | (5) |
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163 | (4) |
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8 Hybrid Self-Scheduled Multichannel Medium Access Control Protocol in Cognitive Radio Networks |
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167 | (28) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (3) |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (1) |
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8.3 System Model and Proposed Hybrid Self-Scheduled Multichannel MAC Protocol |
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172 | (2) |
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172 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Proposed HSMC-MAC Protocol |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (8) |
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8.4.1 With Perfect Spectrum Sensing |
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176 | (2) |
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8.4.2 With Imperfect Spectrum Sensing |
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178 | (2) |
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8.4.3 More Feasible Scenarios |
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180 | (2) |
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8.5 Simulations and Results Analysis |
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182 | (8) |
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8.5.1 With Perfect Spectrum Sensing |
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182 | (3) |
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8.5.2 With Imperfect Spectrum Sensing |
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185 | (5) |
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190 | (5) |
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190 | (5) |
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9 Frameworks of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Techniques in Cognitive Radio Networks |
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195 | (34) |
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195 | (4) |
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196 | (3) |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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9.2 CR Spectrum Accessing Strategies |
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199 | (5) |
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9.3 Functions of NOMA System for Uplink and Downlink Scenarios |
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204 | (5) |
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9.3.1 Downlink Scenario for Cellular-NOMA |
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204 | (3) |
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9.3.2 Uplink Scenario for Cellular-NOMA |
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207 | (2) |
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9.4 Proposed Frameworks of CR with NOMA |
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209 | (3) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (2) |
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9.5 Simulation Environment and Results |
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212 | (2) |
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9.6 Research Potentials for NOMA and CR-NOMA Implementations |
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214 | (9) |
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214 | (1) |
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9.6.2 Spectrum Hand-off Management |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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9.6.4 Less Complex and Cost-Effective Systems |
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216 | (1) |
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9.6.5 Energy-Efficient Design and Frameworks |
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216 | (1) |
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9.6.6 Quality-of-Experience Management |
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217 | (1) |
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9.6.7 Power Allocation Strategy for CUs to Implement NOMA Without Interfering PU |
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217 | (1) |
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9.6.8 Cooperative CR-NOMA |
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218 | (1) |
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9.6.9 Interference Cancellation Techniques |
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218 | (1) |
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9.6.10 Security Aspects in CR-NOMA |
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218 | (1) |
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9.6.11 Role of User Clustering and Challenges |
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219 | (1) |
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9.6.12 Wireless Power Transfer to NOMA |
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220 | (1) |
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9.6.13 Multicell NOMA with Coordinated Multipoint Transmission |
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221 | (1) |
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9.6.14 Multiple-Carrier NOMA |
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221 | (1) |
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9.6.15 Cross-Layer Design |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (6) |
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223 | (6) |
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10 Performance Analysis of MIMO-Based CR-NOMA Communication Systems |
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229 | (26) |
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229 | (2) |
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10.2 Related Work for Several Combinations of CR, NOMA, and MIMO Systems |
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231 | (3) |
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234 | (4) |
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10.3.1 Downlink Scenarios |
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236 | (2) |
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238 | (1) |
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10.4 Performance Analysis |
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238 | (5) |
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238 | (1) |
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10.4.1.1 Throughput Computation for MIMO-CR-NOMA |
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239 | (1) |
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10.4.1.2 Throughput Computation for CR-NOMA Systems |
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240 | (1) |
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10.4.1.3 Sum Throughput for CR-OMA, CR-NOMA, CR-MIMO, and CR-NOMA-MIMO Frameworks |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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10.4.2.1 Throughput Computation for MIMO-CR-NOMA |
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241 | (1) |
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10.4.2.2 Throughput Calculation for CR-NOMA Systems |
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242 | (1) |
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10.4.2.3 Sum Throughput for CR-OMA, CR-NOMA, CR-MIMO, and CR-NOMA-MIMO Frameworks |
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242 | (1) |
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10.4.2.4 Computation of Interference Efficiency of CU-4 In Case of CR-MIMO-NOMA |
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243 | (1) |
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10.5 Simulation and Results Analysis |
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243 | (6) |
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10.5.1 Simulation Results for Downlink Scenario |
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243 | (2) |
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10.5.2 Simulation Results for Uplink Scenario |
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245 | (4) |
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249 | (6) |
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250 | (5) |
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11 Interference Management in Cognitive Radio Networks |
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255 | (26) |
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255 | (3) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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11.1.4 Interference Temperature |
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257 | (1) |
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11.2 Interfering and Non-interfering CRN |
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258 | (3) |
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258 | (1) |
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11.2.2 Non-Interfering CRN |
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259 | (2) |
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11.3 Interference Cancellation Techniques in the CRN |
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261 | (7) |
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11.3.1 At the CU Transmitter |
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261 | (3) |
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11.3.2 At the CR-Receiver |
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264 | (4) |
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11.4 Cross-Layer Interference Mitigation in Cognitive Radio Networks |
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268 | (1) |
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11.5 Interference Management in Cognitive Radio Networks via Cognitive Cycle Constituents |
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269 | (5) |
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269 | (1) |
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11.5.2 Spectrum Prediction |
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269 | (2) |
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11.5.3 Transmission Below PUs' Interference Tolerable Limit |
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271 | (1) |
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11.5.4 Using Advanced Encoding Techniques |
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271 | (1) |
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11.5.5 Spectrum Monitoring |
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272 | (2) |
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274 | (7) |
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274 | (7) |
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12 Simulation Frameworks and Potential Research Challenges for Internet-of-Vehicles Networks |
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281 | (30) |
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281 | (3) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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12.2 Applications of CIoT |
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284 | (2) |
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12.2.1 Smart Home and Automation |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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12.2.3 Home Security and Smart Domestics |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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12.3 Applications of Industrial IoT |
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286 | (4) |
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286 | (1) |
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12.3.2 Smart Grid/Utilities |
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287 | (1) |
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12.3.3 Smart Communication |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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12.3.5 Smart Energy Management |
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288 | (1) |
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12.3.6 Smart Retail Management |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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12.3.8 Smart Cars/Connected Vehicles |
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290 | (1) |
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12.4 Communication Frameworks for IoVs |
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290 | (5) |
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12.4.1 Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Communication |
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292 | (1) |
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12.4.2 Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) Communication |
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293 | (1) |
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12.4.3 Infrastructure to Vehicles (I2V) Communication |
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294 | (1) |
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12.4.4 Vehicle-to-Broadband (V2B) Communication |
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294 | (1) |
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12.4.5 Vehicle-to-Pedestrians (V2P) Communication |
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294 | (1) |
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12.5 Simulation Environments for Internet-of-Vehicles |
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295 | (4) |
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296 | (1) |
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12.5.2 Network Simulator (NetSim) |
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297 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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12.6 Potential Research Challenges |
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299 | (4) |
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300 | (1) |
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12.6.2 Technical Challenges |
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300 | (3) |
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303 | (8) |
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303 | (8) |
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13 Radio Resource Management in Internet-of-Vehicles |
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311 | (28) |
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311 | (4) |
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13.1.1 Dedicated Short-Range Communication |
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313 | (1) |
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13.1.2 Wireless Access for Vehicular Environments |
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314 | (1) |
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13.1.3 Communication Access for Land Mobile (CALM) |
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314 | (1) |
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13.2 Cellular Communication |
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315 | (4) |
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315 | (2) |
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13.2.2 Long-Term Evolution |
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317 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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13.2.4 Dynamic Spectrum Access |
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318 | (1) |
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13.3 Role of Cognitive Radio for Spectrum Management |
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319 | (1) |
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13.4 Effect of Mobile Nature of Vehicles/Nodes on the Networking |
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320 | (2) |
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13.5 Spectrum Sharing in IoVs |
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322 | (4) |
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13.5.1 Spectrum Sensing Scenarios |
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322 | (2) |
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13.5.2 Spectrum Sharing Scenarios |
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324 | (1) |
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13.5.3 Spectrum Mobility/Handoff Scenarios |
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325 | (1) |
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13.6 Frameworks of Vehicular Networks with Cognitive Radio |
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326 | (2) |
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13.6.1 CR-Based IoVs Networks Architecture |
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327 | (1) |
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13.7 Key Potentials and Research Challenges |
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328 | (6) |
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328 | (2) |
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13.7.2 Research Challenges |
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330 | (4) |
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334 | (5) |
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334 | (5) |
Index |
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