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Map of the Basque Country |
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xvi | |
Foreword (Pello Salaburu) |
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xvii | |
Acknowledgments (Virginia de Rijk-Chan) |
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xxiii | |
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Introduction; Orthography and Pronunciation; the Basque Noun Phrase |
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1 | (24) |
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Basque Dialects and Euskara Batua |
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1 | (3) |
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Spelling and Pronunciation |
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4 | (13) |
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Introducing the Basque Noun Phrase |
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17 | (3) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (3) |
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More about the Basque Noun Phrase |
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25 | (24) |
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25 | (6) |
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31 | (4) |
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35 | (9) |
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Syntax and Nature of the Genitive |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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The System of Locative Case Endings |
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49 | (20) |
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49 | (1) |
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The Definite Singular Locative Paradigm for Common Nouns |
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50 | (2) |
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The Definite Plural Locative Paradigm |
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52 | (1) |
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The Indefinite Locative Paradigm |
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53 | (4) |
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The Declension of Place Names |
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57 | (3) |
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The Locative Paradigm for Animate Noun Phrases |
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60 | (2) |
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Temporal Use of Locatives |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (3) |
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The Diminutive Suffix -xka |
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65 | (1) |
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Terms for `sister' and `brother' |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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The Syntax of Location Nouns |
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69 | (20) |
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69 | (12) |
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81 | (3) |
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84 | (1) |
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The Augmentative Suffix -tzar |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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The Grammar of Adnominal Forms |
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89 | (22) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (7) |
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Similarities between Adnominals and Genitives |
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98 | (2) |
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Hints for Translating English Possessive Phrases into Basque |
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100 | (3) |
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Historical and Bibliographical Comments |
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103 | (2) |
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The Frequency Suffix -ero |
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105 | (2) |
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The Four Seasons of the Year |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (2) |
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Personal Pronouns; Synthetic Conjugation of Intransitive Verbs |
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111 | (24) |
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111 | (5) |
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Synthetic Conjugation of Intransitive Verbs |
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116 | (7) |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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A Suffix Denoting Origin: -tar |
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127 | (5) |
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The Propensity Suffix -tiar |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (2) |
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Periphrastic Conjugation of Intransitive Verbs |
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135 | (26) |
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Inventory of Intransitive Verbs |
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135 | (4) |
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Participles and Other Nonfinite Verb Forms |
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139 | (3) |
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142 | (8) |
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Morphologically Derived Intransitives |
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150 | (4) |
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Bare Nouns Governed by izan `to be' |
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154 | (2) |
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The Expression bizi izan `to live' |
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156 | (1) |
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Diminutive Adjectives in -xko |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (3) |
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Modal Particles; Topic; Focus and Constituent Order |
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161 | (26) |
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161 | (4) |
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165 | (3) |
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Syntax of Emphatic Assertion |
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168 | (1) |
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Relative Order of Participle and Auxiliary |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (11) |
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The Suffix of Abundance -tsu |
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183 | (2) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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Synthetic Present of Transitive Verbs; Ergativity; Demonstratives |
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187 | (26) |
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Synthetic Present of Transitive Verbs |
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187 | (9) |
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196 | (4) |
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Use of Synthetic Forms of Transitive Verbs |
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200 | (4) |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Demonstrative Pronouns: Declension and Use |
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205 | (4) |
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The Behavioral Suffix -ti |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (2) |
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Synthetic Past of Transitive Verbs; Universal Quantifiers |
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213 | (20) |
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Past Tense Morphology of Transitive Verbs |
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213 | (7) |
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Syntax of Past Tense Verbs |
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220 | (1) |
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Periphrastic Conjugation of Transitive Verbs |
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221 | (2) |
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The Substantival Quantifier dena `all' |
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223 | (2) |
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The Adjectival Quantifier guzti `all' |
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225 | (2) |
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The Propensity Suffix -koi |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (3) |
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Adverbs of Manner and Degree |
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233 | (26) |
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233 | (8) |
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241 | (6) |
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Operators of Approximation: ia, kasik, abantzu |
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247 | (2) |
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Some Sentence Adverbs of Modality: Translations of `perhaps' |
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249 | (2) |
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The Determiner beste `other' |
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251 | (3) |
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The Manner Adverb bestela `otherwise' |
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254 | (1) |
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The Parasuffix gai Denoting `matter' |
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255 | (2) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (2) |
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259 | (30) |
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Some Meaning Classes of Transitive Verbs |
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259 | (6) |
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Preliminary Remarks on Transitivity |
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265 | (2) |
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Morphologically Derived Transitives |
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267 | (7) |
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The Anticausative Alternation |
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274 | (5) |
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279 | (3) |
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Actor Nouns: The Suffix -(tzai)le |
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282 | (3) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (3) |
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The Partitive; the Verb egin and Its Complements; gabe |
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289 | (28) |
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289 | (6) |
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Particularities of the Verb egin |
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295 | (3) |
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Bare Noun Objects of egin |
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298 | (8) |
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Bare Noun Objects of Other Verbs |
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306 | (2) |
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308 | (4) |
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312 | (2) |
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314 | (1) |
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315 | (2) |
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Object Complements of *edun; Modal Verbs |
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317 | (26) |
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Object Complements of *edun |
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317 | (4) |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (6) |
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328 | (2) |
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330 | (4) |
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Expressing Habit: Constructions with ohi |
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334 | (1) |
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The Incentive Suffix -garri |
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335 | (5) |
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340 | (1) |
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340 | (3) |
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Dative Agreement; Reflexives and Reciprocals |
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343 | (32) |
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Dative Agreement and Its Morphology |
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343 | (3) |
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Vestigial Synthetic Dative Forms |
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346 | (2) |
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Dative Forms of the Auxiliaries |
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348 | (3) |
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Dative Paradigms of Two Transitive Verbs |
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351 | (5) |
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Some Issues of Dative Syntax |
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356 | (3) |
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Particularities of the Verb eman |
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359 | (5) |
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Strongly Reflexive Nominals |
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364 | (4) |
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368 | (4) |
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Compounds with buru and elkar |
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372 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (2) |
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Causatives and Gerundives |
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375 | (38) |
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375 | (2) |
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377 | (3) |
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380 | (3) |
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Introducing the Gerundive |
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383 | (2) |
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Subject-Controlled Gerundives |
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385 | (13) |
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Raising Out of Gerundives |
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398 | (2) |
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Object-Controlled Gerundives |
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400 | (5) |
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405 | (2) |
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Denominal Agentives: The Suffixes -gile and -gin |
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407 | (2) |
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409 | (2) |
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411 | (2) |
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Conditionals; the Prolative |
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413 | (26) |
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413 | (4) |
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Morphology of the Conditional Mood |
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417 | (5) |
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Syntax of Conditional Forms |
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422 | (3) |
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425 | (2) |
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427 | (1) |
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428 | (1) |
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The Adnominal Inessive -kotan |
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429 | (1) |
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The Prolative -tzat `as (a) ...', `for (a) ...' |
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430 | (5) |
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The Parasuffix tasun `-ness' |
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435 | (1) |
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436 | (1) |
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437 | (2) |
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Direct and Indirect Questions; Finite Complement Clauses |
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439 | (32) |
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439 | (11) |
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Finite Complement Clauses in the Indicative Mood |
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450 | (4) |
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454 | (2) |
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The Partitive Complementizer -NIK |
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456 | (1) |
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Negative Raising and Hyperraising |
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457 | (2) |
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Cross-Clause Focus Movement |
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459 | (1) |
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459 | (2) |
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461 | (3) |
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A Nominal Suffix of Reprehension: -keria |
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464 | (3) |
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467 | (1) |
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468 | (3) |
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471 | (38) |
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471 | (19) |
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490 | (6) |
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496 | (2) |
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498 | (1) |
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Relatives Based on Fronted Interrogatives |
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499 | (1) |
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Historical and Bibliographical Note on Relativization |
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500 | (1) |
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The Inclusive Article -ok |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (3) |
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505 | (1) |
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506 | (3) |
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509 | (38) |
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509 | (9) |
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Time Clauses Based on the Noun ordu |
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518 | (7) |
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Time Expressions Based on the Noun aldi |
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525 | (4) |
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Temporal Use of Location Nouns |
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529 | (6) |
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The Delimitative Suffix -ino, as in deino |
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535 | (1) |
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Constructions with eta Denoting Posteriority |
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536 | (1) |
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537 | (1) |
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538 | (2) |
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540 | (4) |
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544 | (1) |
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544 | (3) |
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547 | (22) |
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547 | (1) |
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547 | (5) |
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Subjunctive Complement Clauses |
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552 | (5) |
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Use of the Subjunctive in Adverbial Clauses |
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557 | (3) |
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560 | (1) |
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560 | (1) |
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561 | (2) |
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Use of the Hypothetical Tense |
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563 | (1) |
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Action Nominals with the Suffix -keta |
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563 | (4) |
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The Nominal Suffix -keta Denoting Abundance |
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567 | (1) |
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567 | (1) |
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568 | (1) |
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569 | (30) |
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569 | (1) |
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569 | (5) |
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574 | (8) |
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582 | (4) |
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586 | (1) |
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Use and Function of the Jussive |
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586 | (3) |
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Deverbal -men Indicating Capability |
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589 | (2) |
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Deverbal -pen Indicating Result |
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591 | (3) |
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Deverbal -tzapen Indicating Result |
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594 | (1) |
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595 | (1) |
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596 | (3) |
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Causal, Explanatory, and Concessive Clauses |
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599 | (36) |
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599 | (5) |
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604 | (4) |
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Causal and Explanatory Uses of the Prefix bait- |
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608 | (2) |
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Explanatory Instrumental Clauses |
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610 | (3) |
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Causal Clauses Based on Fronted Interrogatives |
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|
613 | (5) |
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618 | (5) |
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|
623 | (4) |
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Deverbal -kor Marking Inclination |
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627 | (3) |
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The Adjectival Suffix -bera Marking an Inordinate Proclivity |
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630 | (1) |
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631 | (1) |
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632 | (3) |
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635 | (36) |
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Morphology of the Potential Mood |
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|
635 | (8) |
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Use of the Potential Mood and Its Tenses |
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643 | (4) |
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Syntax of ezin in Negative Potential Clauses |
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|
647 | (1) |
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Synthetic Potential Forms |
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648 | (2) |
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Morphology and Use of Potential Protasis Forms |
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|
650 | (3) |
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653 | (7) |
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660 | (1) |
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661 | (2) |
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The Nouns gauza and gai as Predicates of Ability |
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663 | (2) |
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Compounds with ezin and Its Near Synonym gaitz |
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665 | (3) |
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668 | (1) |
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669 | (2) |
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Complex Predicates; Transitive Predication and Predicatives |
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671 | (28) |
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671 | (4) |
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675 | (6) |
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Attributive Use of Perfect Participle Clauses |
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681 | (1) |
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Adjectives Modifying Perfect Participles: berri and zahar |
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|
681 | (1) |
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682 | (8) |
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690 | (2) |
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Participial Predicatives with -ta |
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692 | (1) |
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|
693 | (4) |
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697 | (1) |
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|
697 | (2) |
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699 | (38) |
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Comparatives of Similarity: bezala and legez |
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|
699 | (4) |
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Comparatives Denoting Equality in Quality |
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|
703 | (2) |
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Comparatives Denoting Equality in Quantity |
|
|
705 | (4) |
|
Comparatives Denoting Superiority |
|
|
709 | (11) |
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720 | (4) |
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|
724 | (2) |
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The Suffix of Approximation: -tsu |
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726 | (1) |
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The Suffix of Precision: -xe |
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|
727 | (4) |
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|
731 | (2) |
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|
733 | (1) |
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|
734 | (3) |
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Use of the Instrumental Case |
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|
737 | (44) |
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Introduction; Instrumental Expressing Means |
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|
737 | (12) |
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Instrumental Expressing Cause or Motive |
|
|
749 | (4) |
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Instrumental Predicatives |
|
|
753 | (3) |
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Instrumentals Expressing Manner |
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|
756 | (1) |
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Instrumentals Expressing Criteria |
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|
757 | (2) |
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Instrumentals Measuring Differences |
|
|
759 | (1) |
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Instrumentals Relating to Time |
|
|
760 | (1) |
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Instrumentals Governed by Postpositions |
|
|
761 | (1) |
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|
762 | (4) |
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|
766 | (4) |
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Nonfinite Instrumental Clauses |
|
|
770 | (3) |
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The Noun kide and the Suffix -kizun |
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|
773 | (3) |
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|
776 | (1) |
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|
777 | (4) |
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|
779 | (2) |
|
Indefinite Pronouns and Related Matters; the Synthetic Future Tense |
|
|
781 | (28) |
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|
781 | (12) |
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|
793 | (6) |
|
The Universal Quantifier oro |
|
|
799 | (3) |
|
The Synthetic Future Tense |
|
|
802 | (7) |
|
Allocutive Verb Forms and Their Use; Nonfinite Sentential Complements |
|
|
809 | (20) |
|
Allocutive Verb Forms and Their Use |
|
|
809 | (15) |
|
Overview of Nonfinite Sentential Complements |
|
|
824 | (5) |
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|
829 | (24) |
|
|
829 | (7) |
|
Syntactic Features of Coordination in Basque |
|
|
836 | (14) |
|
The Distributive Suffix -na |
|
|
850 | (3) |
|
|
853 | (24) |
|
|
853 | (1) |
|
Morphophonology of Compounds |
|
|
853 | (7) |
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|
860 | (17) |
|
Reduplication; Parasuffixes, Prefixes, and Paraprefixes |
|
|
877 | (20) |
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|
877 | (4) |
|
|
881 | (1) |
|
|
882 | (9) |
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|
891 | (2) |
|
|
893 | (4) |
|
Additional Derivational Suffixes |
|
|
897 | (28) |
|
The Additional Derivational Suffixes |
|
|
897 | (28) |
Key to the Exercises |
|
925 | (28) |
Vocabulary |
|
953 | (1) |
Basque-English |
|
953 | (28) |
English-Basque |
|
981 | (14) |
Bibliography |
|
995 | (1) |
Abbreviations |
|
995 | (1) |
A Note on the Biblical Sources |
|
995 | (1) |
References |
|
996 | (6) |
Sources |
|
1002 | |