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1 Introduction to Statistics |
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1 | (16) |
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1 The Subject and Scope of Statistics |
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2 | (2) |
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2 Statistics in Aid of Scientific Inquiry |
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4 | (2) |
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3 Two Basic Concepts---Population and Sample |
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6 | (5) |
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4 The Purposeful Collection of Data |
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11 | (1) |
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Case Study: Statistics in Context |
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12 | (2) |
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5 Objectives of Statistics |
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14 | (3) |
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2 Organization and Description of Data |
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17 | (47) |
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18 | (1) |
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2 Describing Data by Tables and Graphs |
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19 | (12) |
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31 | (6) |
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37 | (10) |
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5 Checking the Stability of the Observations Over Time |
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47 | (3) |
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50 | (2) |
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Case Study: Statistics in Context |
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52 | (12) |
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3 Descriptive Study of Bivariate Data |
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64 | (27) |
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1 Summarization of Bivariate Categorical Data |
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65 | (4) |
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2 A Designed Experiment for Making a Comparison |
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69 | (1) |
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3 Scatter Diagram of Bivariate Measurement Data |
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70 | (3) |
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4 The Correlation Coefficient---A Measure of Linear Relation |
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73 | (9) |
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5 Prediction of One Variable from Another (Linear Regression) |
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82 | (9) |
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91 | (43) |
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1 Probability of an Event |
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92 | (5) |
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2 Methods of Assigning Probability |
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97 | (5) |
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3 Event Operations and Two Laws of Probability |
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102 | (7) |
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4 Conditional Probability and Independence |
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109 | (8) |
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117 | (4) |
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6 Random Sampling from a Finite Population |
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121 | (5) |
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Case Study: Statistics in Context |
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126 | (8) |
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5 Probability Distributions |
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134 | (44) |
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135 | (3) |
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2 Probability Distribution of a Discrete Random Variable |
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138 | (6) |
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3 Mean (Expected Value) and Standard Deviation of a Probability Distribution |
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144 | (6) |
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4 Successes and Failures---Bernoulli Trials |
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150 | (4) |
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5 The Binomial Distribution |
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154 | (11) |
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6 The Poisson Distribution and Rare Events |
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165 | (13) |
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6 The Normal Distribution |
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178 | (32) |
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1 Probability Model for a Continuous Random Variable |
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179 | (5) |
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2 The Normal Distribution---Its General Features |
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184 | (2) |
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3 The Standard Normal Distribution |
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186 | (5) |
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4 Probability Calculations with Normal Distributions |
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191 | (3) |
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5 The Normal Approximation to the Binomial |
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194 | (5) |
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6 Checking the Plausibility of a Normal Model |
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199 | (3) |
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7 Transforming Observations to Attain Near Normality |
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202 | (8) |
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7 Variation in Repeated Samples---Sampling Distributions |
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210 | (25) |
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1 The Sampling Distribution of a Statistic |
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212 | (6) |
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2 Distribution of the Sample Mean and the Central Limit Theorem |
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218 | (10) |
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Case Study: Statistics in Context |
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228 | (7) |
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8 Drawing Inferences from Large Samples |
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235 | (43) |
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1 Two Types of Statistical Inference: Estimation and Testing |
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236 | (2) |
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2 Point Estimation of a Population Mean |
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238 | (4) |
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3 Confidence Interval Estimation of a Population Mean |
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242 | (8) |
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4 Testing Hypotheses About a Population Mean |
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250 | (11) |
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5 Inferences About a Population Proportion |
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261 | (17) |
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9 Small Sample Inferences for Normal Populations |
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278 | (25) |
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1 Student's t Distribution |
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279 | (3) |
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2 Inferences About μ---Small Sample Size |
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282 | (7) |
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3 Relationship Between Tests and Confidence Intervals |
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289 | (2) |
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4 Inferences About the Standard Deviation σ (The Chi-Square Distribution) |
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291 | (5) |
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5 Robustness of Inference Procedures |
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296 | (7) |
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10 Comparing Two Treatments |
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303 | (46) |
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1 Two Designs: Independent Samples and Matched Pairs Sample |
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305 | (2) |
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2 Inferences About the Difference of Means---Independent Large Samples |
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307 | (7) |
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3 Inferences About the Difference of Means---Independent Small Samples from Normal Populations |
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314 | (9) |
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4 Randomization and Its Role in Inference |
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323 | (2) |
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5 Matched Pairs Comparisons |
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325 | (7) |
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6 Choosing Between Independent Samples and a Matched Pairs Sample |
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332 | (1) |
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7 Comparing Two Population Proportions |
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333 | (16) |
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11 Regression Analysis I Simple Linear Regression |
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349 | (35) |
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1 Regression with a Single Predictor |
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350 | (3) |
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2 A Straight Line Regression Model |
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353 | (2) |
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3 The Method of Least Squares |
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355 | (7) |
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4 The Sampling Variability of the Least Squares Estimators---Tools for Inference |
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362 | (1) |
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5 Important Inference Problems |
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363 | (10) |
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6 The Strength of a Linear Relation |
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373 | (4) |
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7 Remarks About the Straight Line Model Assumptions |
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377 | (7) |
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12 Regression Analysis II Multiple Linear Regression and Other Topics |
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384 | (24) |
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1 Nonlinear Relations and Linearizing Transformations |
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385 | (5) |
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2 Multiple Linear Regression |
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390 | (8) |
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3 Residual Plots to Check the Adequacy of a Statistical Model |
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398 | (10) |
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13 Analysis of Categorical Data |
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408 | (24) |
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1 Formulating Testing Problems Concerning Categorical Data |
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409 | (2) |
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2 Pearson's Χ2 Test for Goodness of Fit |
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411 | (4) |
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3 Contingency Table with One Margin Fixed (Test of Homogeneity) |
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415 | (7) |
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4 Contingency Table with Neither Margin Fixed (Test of Independence) |
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422 | (10) |
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14 Analysis of Variance (Anova) |
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432 | (28) |
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1 Comparison of Several Treatments---One-Way Analysis of Variance |
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433 | (6) |
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2 Population Model and Inferences for a One-Way Analysis of Variance |
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439 | (4) |
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3 Simultaneous Confidence Intervals |
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443 | (3) |
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4 Graphical Diagnostics and Displays to Supplement ANOVA |
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446 | (2) |
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5 Randomized Block Experiments for Comparing k Treatments |
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448 | (12) |
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15 Nonparametric Inference |
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460 | (23) |
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1 The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test for Comparing Two Treatments |
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461 | (8) |
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2 Matched Pairs Comparisons |
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469 | (6) |
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3 Measure of Correlation Based on Ranks |
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475 | (3) |
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478 | (5) |
| Appendix A1 Summation Notation |
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483 | (5) |
| Appendix A2 Rules for Counting |
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488 | (2) |
| Appendix A3 Expectation and Standard Deviation---Properties |
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490 | (6) |
| Appendix A4 The Expected Value and Standard Deviation of X |
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496 | (2) |
| Appendix B Tables |
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498 | (1) |
| Table 1 Random Digits |
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498 | (3) |
| Table 2 Cumulative Binomial Probabilities |
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501 | (6) |
| Table 3 Cumulative Poisson Probabilities |
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507 | (2) |
| Table 4 Standard Normal Probabilities p[ x ≤ c] = Σcx=0 e-m mx/x! |
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509 | (2) |
| Table 5 Percentage Points ta of t Distributions |
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511 | (1) |
| Table 6 Percentage Points Χ2α of Χ2 Distributions |
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512 | (1) |
| Table 7 Percentage Points of F(v1, v2) Distributions |
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513 | (2) |
| Table 8 Selected Tail Probabilities for the Null Distribution of Wilcoxon's Rank-Sum Statistic |
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515 | (5) |
| Table 9 Selected Tail Probabilities for the Null Distribution of Wilcoxon's Signed-Rank Statistic |
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520 | (2) |
| Table F1 General Formulas for Inferences about a Mean (μ), Difference of Two Means (μ1 - μ2) |
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522 | (1) |
| Table F2 Inference About Proportions |
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523 | (1) |
| Summary of Formulas Useful for Exams |
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524 | (6) |
| Data Bank |
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530 | (14) |
| Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Exercises |
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544 | (13) |
| Index |
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557 | |
