Preface |
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xxix | |
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1 | (16) |
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1 | (5) |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internetworking Protocol (TCP/IP) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (2) |
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Standards Creation Committees |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (3) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (2) |
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12 | (1) |
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Internet Architecture Board (IAB) |
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12 | (1) |
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Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) |
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13 | (1) |
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Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) |
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13 | (1) |
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Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) |
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13 | (1) |
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Network Information Center (NIC) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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The OSI Model and the TCP/IP Protocol Suite |
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17 | (26) |
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17 | (4) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (3) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (9) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (3) |
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Physical and Data Link Layers |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (4) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (3) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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43 | (38) |
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Local Area Networks (LANS) |
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44 | (11) |
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44 | (6) |
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Wireless LANs: IEEE 802.11 |
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50 | (5) |
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55 | (8) |
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55 | (6) |
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61 | (2) |
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63 | (6) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (4) |
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69 | (7) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (3) |
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74 | (2) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (2) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (2) |
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IP Addresses: Classful Addressing |
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81 | (34) |
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81 | (3) |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (11) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (7) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (3) |
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99 | (1) |
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Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Addresses |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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Subnetting and Supernetting |
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102 | (7) |
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102 | (5) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (5) |
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110 | (3) |
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113 | (2) |
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IP Addresses: Classless Addressing |
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115 | (16) |
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115 | (7) |
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116 | (2) |
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118 | (3) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (4) |
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122 | (1) |
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Finding the Subnet Addresses |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (3) |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (1) |
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Delivery, Forwarding, and Routing of IP Packets |
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131 | (28) |
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131 | (2) |
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131 | (1) |
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Direct Versus Indirect Delivery |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (15) |
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134 | (2) |
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Forwarding with Classful Addressing |
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136 | (5) |
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Forwarding with Classless Addressing |
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141 | (7) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (3) |
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Static Versus Dynamic Routing Tables |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (3) |
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151 | (3) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (3) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (2) |
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159 | (20) |
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160 | (6) |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (3) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (7) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (2) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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Alternative Solutions to RARP |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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179 | (32) |
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180 | (6) |
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186 | (5) |
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Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) |
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186 | (2) |
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Fields Related to Fragmentation |
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188 | (3) |
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191 | (9) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (8) |
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200 | (3) |
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Checksum Calculation at the Sender |
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200 | (1) |
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Checksum Calculation at the Receiver |
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200 | (1) |
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Checksum in the IP Packet |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (5) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (2) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) |
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211 | (26) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (8) |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (2) |
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221 | (5) |
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221 | (2) |
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Timestamp Request and Reply |
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223 | (1) |
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Address-Mask Request and Reply |
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224 | (1) |
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Router Solicitation and Advertisement |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (5) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (3) |
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232 | (2) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (2) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) |
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237 | (18) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (5) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (3) |
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244 | (3) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (4) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
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252 | (2) |
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254 | (1) |
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User Datagram Protocol (UDP) |
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255 | (20) |
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Process-to-Process Communication |
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256 | (4) |
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256 | (4) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (2) |
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262 | (2) |
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Checksum Calculation at Sender |
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262 | (1) |
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Checksum Calculation at Receiver |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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Optional Use of the Checksum |
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264 | (1) |
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264 | (3) |
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264 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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Encapsulation and Decapsulation |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (2) |
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Multiplexing and Demultiplexing |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (3) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (1) |
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272 | (3) |
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272 | (2) |
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274 | (1) |
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Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) |
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275 | (70) |
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276 | (3) |
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Process-to-Process Communication |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Full-Duplex Communication |
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278 | (1) |
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Connection-Oriented Service |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (2) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (3) |
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282 | (2) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (8) |
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285 | (2) |
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287 | (2) |
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289 | (2) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (7) |
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293 | (6) |
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299 | (6) |
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300 | (4) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (7) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (4) |
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312 | (8) |
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313 | (2) |
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Congestion Control Mechanisms |
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315 | (1) |
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Congestion Control in TCP |
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316 | (4) |
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320 | (5) |
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320 | (3) |
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323 | (1) |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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325 | (8) |
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333 | (5) |
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Transmission Control Blocks (TCBs) |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (1) |
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334 | (4) |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (2) |
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341 | (4) |
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341 | (2) |
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343 | (2) |
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Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) |
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345 | (40) |
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346 | (3) |
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Process-to-Process Communication |
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346 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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Full-Duplex Communication |
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348 | (1) |
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Connection-Oriented Service |
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348 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (4) |
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Transmission Sequence Number (TSN) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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Stream Sequence Number (SSN) |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (2) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (9) |
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353 | (1) |
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354 | (8) |
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362 | (7) |
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Association Establishment |
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362 | (3) |
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365 | (3) |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (1) |
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369 | (4) |
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370 | (2) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (3) |
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373 | (1) |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (4) |
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376 | (1) |
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377 | (1) |
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378 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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Congestion Control and Multihoming |
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380 | (1) |
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Explicit Congestion Notification |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (3) |
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382 | (2) |
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384 | (1) |
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Unicast Routing Protocols (RIP, OSPF, and BGP) |
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385 | (52) |
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Intra- and Interdomain Routing |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (5) |
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387 | (1) |
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388 | (1) |
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388 | (1) |
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389 | (1) |
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Two-Node Loop Instability |
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390 | (1) |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (6) |
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394 | (1) |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (1) |
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398 | (1) |
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398 | (6) |
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400 | (4) |
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404 | (17) |
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404 | (1) |
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404 | (1) |
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405 | (2) |
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407 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (9) |
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418 | (3) |
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421 | (1) |
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421 | (3) |
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422 | (1) |
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422 | (1) |
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422 | (2) |
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424 | (6) |
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Types of Autonomous Systems |
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424 | (1) |
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424 | (1) |
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425 | (1) |
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External and Internal BGP |
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425 | (1) |
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426 | (1) |
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426 | (4) |
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430 | (1) |
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430 | (1) |
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431 | (1) |
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432 | (5) |
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432 | (2) |
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434 | (3) |
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Multicasting and Multicast Routing Protocols |
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437 | (20) |
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Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast |
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437 | (3) |
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437 | (1) |
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438 | (1) |
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439 | (1) |
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Multicasting versus Multiple Unicasting |
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439 | (1) |
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440 | (1) |
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Access to Distributed Databases |
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440 | (1) |
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Information Dissemination |
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440 | (1) |
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440 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (3) |
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Optimal Routing: Shortest Path Trees |
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441 | (3) |
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444 | (1) |
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Multicast Link State Routing: MOSPF |
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444 | (1) |
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Multicast Link State Routing |
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444 | (1) |
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445 | (1) |
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Multicast Distance Vector: DVMRP |
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445 | (4) |
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Multicast Distance Vector Routing |
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445 | (4) |
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449 | (1) |
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449 | (2) |
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449 | (1) |
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Sending Multicast Packets |
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450 | (1) |
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Selecting the Rendezvous Router |
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450 | (1) |
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451 | (1) |
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451 | (1) |
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452 | (1) |
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452 | (1) |
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452 | (2) |
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454 | (1) |
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454 | (1) |
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455 | (2) |
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455 | (1) |
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455 | (2) |
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Host Configuration: BOOTP and DHCP |
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457 | (14) |
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457 | (6) |
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48 | (413) |
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461 | (2) |
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463 | (5) |
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Static Address Allocation |
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463 | (1) |
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Dynamic Address Allocation |
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464 | (1) |
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Manual and Automatic Configuration |
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464 | (1) |
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464 | (1) |
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465 | (2) |
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467 | (1) |
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468 | (1) |
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468 | (1) |
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468 | (3) |
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468 | (1) |
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469 | (2) |
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471 | (28) |
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471 | (1) |
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472 | (1) |
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472 | (1) |
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472 | (3) |
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472 | (1) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (1) |
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Distribution of Name Space |
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475 | (2) |
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Hierarchy of Name Servers |
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475 | (1) |
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475 | (1) |
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476 | (1) |
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Primary and Secondary Servers |
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477 | (1) |
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477 | (4) |
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478 | (1) |
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479 | (1) |
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480 | (1) |
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481 | (1) |
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481 | (2) |
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481 | (1) |
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Mapping Names to Addresses |
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481 | (1) |
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Mapping Addresses to Names |
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481 | (1) |
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481 | (1) |
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482 | (1) |
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482 | (1) |
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|
483 | (3) |
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|
484 | (2) |
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|
486 | (3) |
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|
486 | (2) |
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|
488 | (1) |
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|
489 | (4) |
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493 | (1) |
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493 | (1) |
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494 | (1) |
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495 | (1) |
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496 | (3) |
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496 | (1) |
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497 | (2) |
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499 | (20) |
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499 | (2) |
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499 | (1) |
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500 | (1) |
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Network Virtual Terminal (NVT) |
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501 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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502 | (1) |
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Remote Control Characters |
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502 | (1) |
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503 | (1) |
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504 | (1) |
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505 | (3) |
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505 | (1) |
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506 | (2) |
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508 | (1) |
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508 | (1) |
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509 | (1) |
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510 | (1) |
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511 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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513 | (2) |
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515 | (1) |
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515 | (1) |
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515 | (1) |
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516 | (3) |
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516 | (1) |
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517 | (2) |
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File Transfer: FTP and TFTP |
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519 | (28) |
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File Transfer Protocol (FTP) |
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519 | (14) |
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520 | (1) |
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521 | (3) |
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524 | (5) |
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529 | (3) |
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532 | (1) |
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Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) |
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533 | (9) |
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534 | (2) |
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536 | (1) |
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537 | (2) |
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539 | (1) |
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540 | (1) |
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541 | (1) |
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542 | (1) |
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542 | (1) |
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542 | (1) |
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543 | (1) |
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544 | (3) |
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544 | (1) |
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545 | (2) |
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Electronic Mail: SMTP, POP, and IMAP |
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547 | (28) |
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547 | (4) |
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547 | (1) |
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548 | (1) |
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549 | (1) |
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550 | (1) |
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551 | (10) |
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Services Provided by a User Agent |
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551 | (1) |
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552 | (1) |
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553 | (1) |
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554 | (1) |
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554 | (1) |
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555 | (1) |
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|
555 | (6) |
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Message Transfer Agent: SMTP |
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561 | (8) |
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561 | (5) |
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566 | (3) |
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Message Access Agent: POP and IMAP |
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|
569 | (2) |
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|
569 | (1) |
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570 | (1) |
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571 | (1) |
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571 | (1) |
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571 | (1) |
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571 | (4) |
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572 | (1) |
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573 | (2) |
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575 | (24) |
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575 | (1) |
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576 | (1) |
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576 | (3) |
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576 | (1) |
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577 | (1) |
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577 | (1) |
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577 | (1) |
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578 | (1) |
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579 | (6) |
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|
579 | (1) |
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|
580 | (2) |
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|
582 | (3) |
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|
585 | (4) |
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|
585 | (3) |
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|
588 | (1) |
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589 | (3) |
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|
589 | (2) |
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591 | (1) |
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592 | (3) |
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595 | (1) |
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|
595 | (1) |
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596 | (1) |
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|
596 | (1) |
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597 | (2) |
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|
597 | (1) |
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|
597 | (2) |
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|
599 | (22) |
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|
599 | (3) |
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|
600 | (1) |
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|
600 | (1) |
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Uniform Resource Locator (URL) |
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|
601 | (1) |
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|
601 | (1) |
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|
602 | (7) |
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603 | (2) |
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|
605 | (3) |
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|
608 | (1) |
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|
609 | (8) |
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|
609 | (7) |
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Persistent versus Nonpersistent Connection |
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|
616 | (1) |
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|
617 | (1) |
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|
617 | (1) |
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|
617 | (2) |
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|
619 | (2) |
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|
619 | (1) |
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|
620 | (1) |
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|
621 | (16) |
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|
621 | (4) |
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|
621 | (4) |
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Carrying a Datagram in Cells |
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|
625 | (1) |
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|
626 | (1) |
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|
626 | (1) |
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|
627 | (1) |
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|
627 | (1) |
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|
627 | (5) |
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|
628 | (1) |
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|
629 | (3) |
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632 | (1) |
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|
633 | (1) |
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|
633 | (1) |
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|
634 | (3) |
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|
634 | (1) |
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|
635 | (2) |
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|
637 | (14) |
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|
637 | (2) |
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|
637 | (1) |
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|
637 | (2) |
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|
639 | (1) |
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|
639 | (1) |
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|
639 | (1) |
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|
640 | (6) |
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|
640 | (2) |
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|
642 | (2) |
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|
644 | (2) |
|
Inefficiency in Mobile IP |
|
|
646 | (1) |
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|
646 | (1) |
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|
646 | (1) |
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|
647 | (1) |
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|
647 | (1) |
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|
648 | (1) |
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|
648 | (3) |
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|
648 | (1) |
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|
649 | (2) |
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|
651 | (28) |
|
Digitizing Audio and Video |
|
|
652 | (1) |
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|
652 | (1) |
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|
652 | (1) |
|
Audio and Video Compression |
|
|
653 | (6) |
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|
653 | (1) |
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|
654 | (5) |
|
Streaming Stored Audio/Video |
|
|
659 | (3) |
|
First Approach: Using a Web Server |
|
|
659 | (1) |
|
Second Approach: Using a Web Server with Metafile |
|
|
659 | (1) |
|
Third Approach: Using a Media Server |
|
|
660 | (1) |
|
Fourth Approach: Using a Media Server and RTSP |
|
|
660 | (2) |
|
Streaming Live Audio/Video |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
Real-Time Interactive Audio/Video |
|
|
662 | (5) |
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|
662 | (5) |
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|
667 | (2) |
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|
667 | (2) |
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|
669 | (1) |
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|
669 | (1) |
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|
670 | (1) |
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|
670 | (1) |
|
Source Description Message |
|
|
670 | (1) |
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|
670 | (1) |
|
Application Specific Message |
|
|
670 | (1) |
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|
670 | (1) |
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|
670 | (5) |
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|
671 | (2) |
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|
673 | (2) |
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|
675 | (1) |
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|
676 | (1) |
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|
677 | (2) |
|
|
677 | (1) |
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|
677 | (2) |
|
Private Networks, Virtual Private Networks, and Network Address Translation |
|
|
679 | (10) |
|
|
679 | (1) |
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|
679 | (1) |
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|
679 | (1) |
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|
680 | (1) |
|
Virtual Private Networks (VPN) |
|
|
680 | (4) |
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|
680 | (2) |
|
|
682 | (2) |
|
Network Address Translation (NAT) |
|
|
684 | (3) |
|
|
684 | (1) |
|
|
684 | (3) |
|
|
687 | (1) |
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|
687 | (1) |
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|
687 | (1) |
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|
688 | (1) |
|
|
688 | (1) |
|
|
688 | (1) |
|
Next Generation: IPv6 and ICMPv6 |
|
|
689 | (38) |
|
|
690 | (19) |
|
|
690 | (2) |
|
|
692 | (5) |
|
|
697 | (12) |
|
Comparison between IPv4 and IPv6 |
|
|
709 | (1) |
|
|
709 | (9) |
|
|
710 | (3) |
|
|
713 | (5) |
|
Transition from IPv4 to IPv6 |
|
|
718 | (4) |
|
|
718 | (1) |
|
|
719 | (1) |
|
|
720 | (2) |
|
|
722 | (1) |
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|
722 | (1) |
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|
723 | (4) |
|
|
723 | (2) |
|
|
725 | (2) |
|
|
727 | (44) |
|
|
727 | (8) |
|
Symmetric-Key Cryptography |
|
|
728 | (4) |
|
|
732 | (2) |
|
|
734 | (1) |
|
|
735 | (1) |
|
Privacy with Symmetric-Key Cryptography |
|
|
735 | (1) |
|
Privacy with Asymmetric-Key Cryptography |
|
|
736 | (1) |
|
|
736 | (4) |
|
Signing the Whole Document |
|
|
737 | (1) |
|
|
738 | (2) |
|
|
740 | (2) |
|
Entity Authentication with Symmetric-Key Cryptography |
|
|
740 | (1) |
|
Entity Authentication with Public-Key Cryptography |
|
|
741 | (1) |
|
|
742 | (12) |
|
Symmetric-Key Distribution |
|
|
742 | (7) |
|
|
749 | (2) |
|
|
751 | (3) |
|
|
754 | (9) |
|
|
754 | (4) |
|
|
758 | (4) |
|
Application Layer Security: PGP |
|
|
762 | (1) |
|
|
763 | (2) |
|
|
763 | (1) |
|
|
764 | (1) |
|
|
765 | (1) |
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|
766 | (2) |
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|
768 | (3) |
|
|
768 | (1) |
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|
769 | (2) |
|
|
771 | (5) |
|
Appendix B Numbering Systems |
|
|
776 | (7) |
|
|
776 | (1) |
|
|
777 | (1) |
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|
777 | (1) |
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|
777 | (1) |
|
|
777 | (1) |
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|
777 | (1) |
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|
778 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
|
778 | (1) |
|
B.4 Base 256: IP Addresses |
|
|
779 | (1) |
|
|
779 | (1) |
|
|
779 | (1) |
|
|
780 | (1) |
|
|
780 | (1) |
|
B.6 Other Transformations |
|
|
781 | (2) |
|
From Binary to Hexadecimal |
|
|
781 | (1) |
|
From Hexadecimal to Binary |
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
782 | (1) |
|
|
783 | (7) |
|
|
784 | (2) |
|
|
784 | (1) |
|
Calculation in Hexadecimal |
|
|
785 | (1) |
|
|
785 | (1) |
|
|
786 | (2) |
|
|
787 | (1) |
|
|
788 | (1) |
|
|
788 | (2) |
|
Appendix D Error Detection |
|
|
790 | (9) |
|
|
790 | (2) |
|
|
790 | (1) |
|
|
791 | (1) |
|
|
792 | (7) |
|
|
792 | (1) |
|
|
793 | (1) |
|
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) |
|
|
794 | (4) |
|
|
798 | (1) |
|
|
799 | (4) |
|
|
800 | (1) |
|
|
800 | (3) |
|
|
800 | (1) |
|
|
801 | (2) |
|
Appendix F Contact Addresses |
|
|
803 | (2) |
|
|
805 | (2) |
|
Appendix H UDP and TCP Ports |
|
|
807 | (2) |
Glossary |
|
809 | (24) |
References |
|
833 | (2) |
Index |
|
835 | |