Preface |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgments |
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xvii | |
Author |
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xix | |
Conversion Table |
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xxi | |
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1 Concepts, Definitions, and the Laws of Thermodynamics |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (3) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (6) |
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1.4.1 Mechanical Forms of Work |
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7 | (2) |
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1.4.2 Spring or Elastic Work |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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1.4.4 Work of Polarization and Magnetization |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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1.4.6 Work in Changing a Surface Area |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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1.7 Laws of Thermodynamics and Mass Conservation |
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15 | (1) |
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1.8 Systematic Problem-Solving Approach |
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15 | |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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21 | |
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2 Properties of Pure Substances |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (3) |
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5 | (1) |
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2.4 Thermodynamic Property Data |
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5 | (7) |
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2.4.1 Pressure, Specific Volume, and Temperature |
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5 | (3) |
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2.4.2 Specific Internal Energy and Enthalpy |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (1) |
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2.5 Specific Heats and Their Relationships |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (6) |
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2.6.1 Polytropic Processes |
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16 | (3) |
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2.6.2 Reversible Processes |
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19 | (1) |
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2.7 Ideal-Gas Equation of State |
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20 | (1) |
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2.8 Compressibility Factor |
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21 | (2) |
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2.9 Other Equations of State |
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23 | |
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25 | (1) |
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Thermodynamic Property Data |
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25 | (3) |
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28 | (1) |
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Ideal-Gas Equation of State and Compressibility Factor |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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30 | |
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3 Mass Conservation and the First Law of Thermodynamics |
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1 | (1) |
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3.2 First Law of Thermodynamics |
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1 | (3) |
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3.2.1 Stored Forms of Energy |
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1 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Internal (Thermal) Energy, U |
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2 | (1) |
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3.2.3 (Gravitational) Potential Energy |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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3.3 First Law for a Control Volume |
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4 | (10) |
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3.4 First Law for a Control Mass |
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14 | (5) |
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3.5 First Law Applied to Various Processes |
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19 | (8) |
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19 | (3) |
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3.5.2 Compressors and Pumps |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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3.5.4 Nozzles and Diffusers |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | |
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31 | (3) |
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First Law Applied to Various Processes |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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38 | |
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4 Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy |
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1 | (3) |
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4.1.1 The Kelvin-Planck and the Clausius Statements |
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3 | (1) |
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4.2 Statements of the Second Law |
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4 | (2) |
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4.2.1 Thermodynamic Temperature Scale |
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5 | (1) |
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4.3 Entropy of a Pure, Simple Compressible Substance |
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6 | (8) |
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6 | (2) |
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4.3.2 Entropy Change of an Ideal Gas |
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8 | (2) |
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4.3.3 Entropy Change of an Incompressible Substance |
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10 | (1) |
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4.3.4 Important Facts about Entropy |
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10 | (4) |
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14 | (4) |
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4.5 Second Law in Entropy for a Control Volume |
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18 | (9) |
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4.5.1 Application to the Power Cycle |
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22 | (1) |
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4.5.2 Application to the Refrigeration Cycle |
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23 | (4) |
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4.6 Second Law in Entropy for a Control Mass |
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27 | (6) |
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33 | (3) |
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4.7.1 Relative Pressure and Relative Specific Volume |
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35 | (1) |
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4.8 Isentropic Efficiencies |
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36 | (15) |
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4.8.1 Isentropic Efficiency of Turbines |
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37 | (2) |
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4.8.2 Isentropic Efficiency of Pumps and Compressors |
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39 | (2) |
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4.8.3 Isentropic Efficiency of Nozzles |
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41 | (10) |
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4.9 Reversible Steady-Flow Processes |
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51 | |
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4.9.1 Reversible Steady-Flow Polytropic Processes |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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Entropy of a Pure, Simple Compressible Substance |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Second Law in Entropy for a Control Volume |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (2) |
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Reversible Steady-Flow Processes |
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62 | (1) |
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Second Law in Entropy General |
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63 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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64 | |
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5 Exergy (Availability) Analysis |
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1 | (4) |
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1 | (1) |
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5.1.2 Exergy (Availability) of a Substance |
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1 | (4) |
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5.2 Second Law in Exergy (Availability) for a Control Volume |
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5 | (10) |
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5.3 Second Law in Exergy for a Control Mass |
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15 | (4) |
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19 | (1) |
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5.5 Second Law (Exergetic) Efficiency |
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20 | (18) |
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5.5.1 Second Law Ratio to Measure Thermal Environmental Impact |
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21 | (2) |
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5.5.2 Second Law (Exergetic) Efficiencies of Systems |
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23 | (1) |
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5.5.2.1 Turbines, Compressors, and Pumps |
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24 | (2) |
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5.5.2.2 Noncontact Heat Exchangers |
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26 | (1) |
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5.5.2.3 Direct-Contact Heat Exchangers |
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26 | (1) |
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5.5.3 Application to the Power Cycle |
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27 | (11) |
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5.6 Practical Considerations |
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38 | |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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Second Law in Exergy for a Control Volume |
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39 | (1) |
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Second Law in Exergy for a Control Mass |
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40 | (1) |
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Second Law Ratio to Measure Thermal Environmental Impact |
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41 | (1) |
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Second Law Efficiencies of Systems |
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42 | (2) |
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Application to the Power Cycle |
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44 | (1) |
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Second Law in Exergy General |
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45 | (2) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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47 | |
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6.1 The Carnot Vapor Cycle |
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1 | (1) |
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6.2 Rankine Cycle: Ideal Cycle for Vapor Power Cycles |
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1 | (6) |
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7 | (3) |
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6.4 The Regenerative Rankine Cycle |
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10 | (9) |
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6.4.1 Open Feedwater Heaters |
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11 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Closed Feedwater Heaters |
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12 | (7) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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6.7 Availability Analysis of Vapor Power Cycles |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (4) |
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6.10 Combined Gas-Vapor Power Cycles |
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31 | |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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The Regenerative Rankine Cycle |
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38 | (1) |
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Air Preheater and Economizer |
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38 | (1) |
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Availability Analysis of Vapor Power Cycles |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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Binary Vapor and Combined Gas-Vapor Power Cycles |
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41 | (2) |
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General Vapor Power Cycle |
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43 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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43 | |
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7 Thermodynamic Property Relations |
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7.1 The Maxwell Relations |
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1 | (6) |
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7.2 The Clapeyron Equation |
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7 | (2) |
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7.3 General Relations for Thermodynamic Properties |
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9 | (10) |
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7.3.1 Internal Energy Changes |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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7.3.4 Specific Heats Cv and Cp |
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15 | (4) |
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7.4 The Joule-Thomson Coefficient |
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19 | (2) |
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7.5 Enthalpy, Internal Energy, and Entropy Changes of Real Gases |
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21 | |
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7.5.1 Enthalpy Changes of Real Gases |
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22 | (1) |
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7.5.2 Internal Energy Changes of Real Gases |
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23 | (1) |
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7.5.3 Entropy Changes for Real Gases |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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General Relations for Thermodynamic Properties |
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26 | (1) |
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The Joule-Thomson Coefficient |
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26 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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26 | |
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8 Principles of Energy (Heat) Transfer |
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1 | (7) |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (2) |
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8.4 Combined Convection and Radiation |
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13 | |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Combined Convection and Radiation |
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18 | (1) |
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Computer, Design, and General Problems |
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19 | |
Appendix A A-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix B B-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix C C-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix D D-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix E E-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix F F-Series Tables (SI) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix G AA-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix H BB-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix I CC-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix J DD-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix K EE-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Appendix L FF-Series Tables (US) |
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1 | (1) |
Answers to Problems |
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1 | (1) |
Index |
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1 | |