This volume deals with the pressing issue of uncertainty inarchaeological modeling. Detecting where and when uncertainty is introduced tothe modeling process is critical, as are strategies for minimizing,reconciling, or accommodating such uncertainty.Each contribution provides a unique perspective onuncertainty in archaeological modeling, ranging in both theoretical andmethodological orientation. The strengths and weaknesses of variousidentification and mitigation techniques are discussed, in particularsensitivity analysis. The cases demonstrate that for archaeological modelingpurposes, there is no quick fix for uncertainty; indeed, each archaeologicalmodel requires intensive consideration of uncertainty and specific applicationsfor calibration and validation.As very few such techniques have been problematized in asystematic manner or published in the archaeological literature, this volumewill serve to provide guidance and direction to other modelers in the field b
ydistilling some basic principles for model testing derived from insightgathered in the case studies below. Additionally, model applications and their attendantuncertainties are presented from distinct spatio-temporal contexts and willappeal to a broad range of archaeological modelers.This volume will also be of interest to non-modelingarchaeologists, as consideration of uncertainty when interpreting thearchaeological record is also a vital concern for the development of non-formal(or implicit) models of human behavior in the past.
1. Introduction: Gaining Confidence by Meeting Uncertainty Head On: Improving Archaeological Simulative Models (Hans Peeters and Marieka Brouwer Burg).- 2. What is the Research Design Role for Sensitivity Analysis in Archaeological Modeling? (William Lovis).- 3. Uncertainty in Exploratory Computational Modeling in Archaeology: Some Tentative Suggestions (Hans Peeters and Jan-Willem Romeijn).- 4. Charting New Virtual Territory: In Initial Attempt to Develop Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Archaeological Modeling (Marieka Brouwer Burg).- 5. Assessing Nonlinear Behaviors in an Agent Based Model (Jon Carroll).- 6. Scale Dependency in Archaeological Agent-based Modeling: How Many Time Steps? How Many Agents? How Many Simulations? (Josh Watts).- 7. The Sensitivity of Demographic Outcomes to Mortality-Based Feedback Mechanisms for Constraining Population Size in a Model Hunter-Gatherer System (Andy White).- 8. Archaeological Simulation and the Testing Paradigm (Thomas Whitley).- 9.
Synthetic discussion, where to go from here (Sander van der Leeuw).
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1 Introduction to Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis in Archaeological Computational Modeling |
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1 | (20) |
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2 Is There a Research Design Role for Sensitivity Analysis (SA) in Archaeological Modeling? |
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21 | (16) |
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3 Epistemic Considerations About Uncertainty and Model Selection in Computational Archaeology: A Case Study on Exploratory Modeling |
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37 | (22) |
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4 CIS-Based Modeling of Archaeological Dynamics (GMAD): Weaknesses, Strengths, and the Utility of Sensitivity Analysis |
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59 | (22) |
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5 Assessing Nonlinear Behaviors in an Agent-Based Model |
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81 | (10) |
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6 Scale Dependency in Agent-Based Modeling: How Many Time Steps? How Many Simulations? How Many Agents? |
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91 | (22) |
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7 The Sensitivity of Demographic Characteristics to the Strength of the Population Stabilizing Mechanism in a Model Hunter-Gatherer System |
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113 | (18) |
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8 Archaeological Simulation and the Testing Paradigm |
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131 | (26) |
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157 | (14) |
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Index |
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171 | |
Marieka Brouwer Burg (Ph.D. 2011 Michigan State University) is Lecturer of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology at the University of New Hampshire, New Hampshire, USA. She is interested in the effects of landscape evolution and climate change on human communities, as well as reconstructing decision processes and perceptions of landscape in the past. She uses GIS-based archaeological computational modeling to explore these processes in both Old and New World contexts. Her current research focuses on investigating the spatiotemporal dimensions of ancient Maya mobility and socioeconomic interactions in the central Belize River Valley, Belize.
J.H.M. Peeters (Ph.D. 2007 University of Amsterdam) is Associate Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at the Groningen Institute of Archaeology, University of Groningen. Research interests include Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology and Ethnography; Landscape Archaeology; Lithic Technology; Computational Modeling; Site Formation Dynamics and Fractal Geometry. Current research projects include Late Glacial and Holocene Hunter-Gatherer Landscape Use of the North Sea Basin; Mesolithic Lithic Technology; Hunter-Gatherer Pyro-Technology; Dynamics of Intra-Site Spatial Patterning.
William A. Lovis (Ph.D. 1973 Michigan State University) is Professor and Curator of Anthropology in the Department of Anthropology and MSU Museum at Michigan State University, Michigan, USA. His research interests include Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology and Ethnography; The Transition to Horticulture; Applied Theory, Analytic Methods and Research Design; Human-Environment Interactions and Regional Taphonomy; Paleoenvironmental Change; Public Policy including Forensic Archaeology, Law Enforcement Training, and Repatriation; Great Lakes/Midwest and Europe. Current research projects include archaeological site taphonomy and preservation in the Lake Michigan coastal dunes, Mesolithic regional settlement and mobility in Yorkshire, northern England, and hemispheric climate impacts on Great Lakes coastal dune evolution and activation cycling.