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xv | |
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1 Emerging sustainable opportunities for waste to bioenergy: an overview |
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1 | (56) |
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2 | (3) |
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5 | (8) |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Substrate suitability for bioethanol |
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7 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Steps in bioethanol production |
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8 | (3) |
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11 | (1) |
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1.2.5 Substrates for bioethanol production |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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1.3 Biogas production through anaerobic digestion |
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13 | (12) |
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1.3.1 History of anaerobic digestion |
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13 | (3) |
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1.3.2 Principles of the anaerobic digestion process |
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16 | (1) |
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1.3.3 Factors affecting the anaerobic digestion process |
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17 | (3) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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1.3.7 Substrate for biogas production |
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21 | (3) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (11) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (4) |
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31 | (1) |
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1.4.4 Factors affecting biodiesel production |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (2) |
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1.4.6 Oil extraction from microalgae |
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34 | (1) |
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1.4.7 Challenges in microalgae biodiesel production |
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35 | (1) |
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1.4.8 Biodiesel production from yeast |
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35 | (1) |
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1.5 Bioelectricity generation using microbial fuel cell |
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36 | (6) |
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1.5.1 Evolution of microbial fuel cell |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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1.5.3 Factors affecting microbial fuel cell performance |
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38 | (4) |
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1.5.4 Advantages of microbial fuel cell |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (14) |
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2 Role of lignocellulosic bioethanol in the transportation sector: limitations and advancements in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass |
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57 | (30) |
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Nitish Venkateswarlu Mogili |
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2.1 Importance of bioethanol in the transportation sector |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (18) |
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2.2.1 Ethanol production processes |
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60 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Material source for bioethanol production |
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61 | (4) |
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2.2.3 Process for bioethanol production |
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65 | (5) |
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2.2.4 Factors affecting the lignocellulosic biomass conversion into bioethanol |
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70 | (7) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (9) |
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3 In-depth analysis of waste cooking oil as renewable and ecofriendly biofuel candidate |
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87 | (18) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (3) |
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3.2.1 Biofuel conversion technologies |
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90 | (2) |
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3.3 Biodiesel as an appropriate substitute of diesel |
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92 | (1) |
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3.4 Feedstock of biodiesel: renewable feedstock available in India |
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92 | (2) |
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3.5 Waste cooking oil as alternative feedstock source of biodiesel |
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94 | (4) |
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3.5.1 Fuel properties of waste cooking biodiesel |
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94 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Production technologies for conversion of used cooking oil to biodiesel |
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94 | (3) |
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3.5.3 Application of used cooking oil in diesel engine |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (6) |
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4 Emerging commercial opportunities for conversion of waste to energy: aspect of gasification technology |
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105 | (24) |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (2) |
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4.2.1 Municipal solid waste |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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4.3 Methods of recovery energy |
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109 | (13) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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4.3.4 Biochemical conversion |
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110 | (1) |
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4.3.5 Emerging technologies of waste-to-energy generation |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (9) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (6) |
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5 Anaerobic digestion as a sustainable biorefinery concept for waste to energy conversion |
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129 | (36) |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (9) |
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5.2.1 Anaerobic digestion process |
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132 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Factors affecting the bio-digestion |
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134 | (7) |
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5.3 Anaerobic codigestion of different wastes |
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141 | (6) |
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5.3.1 Microalgae---sewage sludge |
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141 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Microalgae---Agro-industrial wastes |
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142 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Wastewater sludge---Food waste |
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143 | (2) |
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5.3.4 Animal manures---Agro residues |
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145 | (1) |
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5.3.5 Modeling of anaerobic codigestion process |
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145 | (2) |
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5.4 Trends for process intensification |
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147 | (2) |
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5.4.1 Microbial community dynamics |
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147 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Development of different substrate pretreatment techniques |
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147 | (2) |
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5.4.3 Biogas enrichment and upgradation |
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149 | (1) |
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5.5 Coupling anaerobic digestion with other waste to energy conversion technologies |
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149 | (3) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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5.5.3 Hydrothermal carbonization |
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151 | (1) |
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5.6 Policy drivers and barriers in anaerobic digestion |
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152 | (2) |
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5.6.1 Policy drivers of anaerobic digestion |
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152 | (1) |
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5.6.2 Policy barriers of anaerobic digestion |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (11) |
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6 Biohydrogen production from wastewater and organic solid wastes |
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165 | (32) |
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Nitish Venkateswarlu Mogili |
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165 | (3) |
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6.1.1 Classification of biofuel |
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166 | (2) |
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6.2 Biohydogen production from wastewater |
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168 | (11) |
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6.2.1 Dark fermentation of wastewater for biohydrogen production |
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173 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Photofermentation of wastewater for biohydrogen production |
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174 | (4) |
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6.2.3 Combined dark- and photofermentation for biohydrogen production from wastewater |
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178 | (1) |
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6.3 Biohydrogen production from solid organic wastes |
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179 | (3) |
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179 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Agricultural residue waste |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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6.4 Biological water-gas shift reaction |
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182 | (1) |
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6.5 Microbial electrolysis cells (electro-fermentation) |
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183 | (2) |
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6.6 Genetic and metabolic engineering tools for enhanced biohydrogen production |
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185 | (4) |
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6.6.1 Types of reaction and problems associated with hydrogen production |
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186 | (1) |
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6.6.2 Inactivation of hydrogenase uptake activity |
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187 | (1) |
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6.6.3 Knockout of competitive cascades |
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187 | (1) |
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6.6.4 Knockout of oxygen sensitivity |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (8) |
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7 Recent advancement in microwave-assisted pyrolysis for biooil production |
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197 | (24) |
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Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain |
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197 | (2) |
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7.2 Pyrolysis for biooil production |
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199 | (3) |
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7.3 Microwave-assisted pyrolysis for biooil production |
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202 | (10) |
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7.3.1 Types of feedstocks |
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204 | (1) |
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7.3.2 Microwave-assistance for pretreatment |
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205 | (4) |
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7.3.3 Catalytic microwave-assisted pyrolysis |
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209 | (3) |
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7.4 Techno-economic analysis and scalable opportunities |
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212 | (1) |
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7.5 Future perspective and challenges |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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214 | (7) |
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8 Oleaginous microbes: potential and challenges from waste-to-energy conversion |
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221 | (24) |
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Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain |
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221 | (2) |
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8.2 Strategies to enhance lipid content in microbes |
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223 | (6) |
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8.2.1 Conventional method |
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223 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Modification in the metabolic pathways of lipid accumulation |
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224 | (1) |
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8.2.3 Strategy to increase lipid production through alteration of environmental conditions |
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225 | (4) |
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8.3 Modern methods to improved lipid production in oleaginous microbes |
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229 | (8) |
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8.3.1 Genetic modification |
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229 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Metabolic engineering technologies |
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230 | (5) |
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8.3.3 Bioinformatics technologies |
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235 | (1) |
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8.3.4 Orthology and phylogenomic analysis |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (6) |
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243 | (2) |
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9 Strategic consideration as feedstock resource for biofuel production as a holistic approach to control invasive plant species |
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245 | (24) |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (3) |
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250 | (2) |
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9.4 The need of promising alternative feedstock |
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252 | (2) |
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9.5 Potential of invasive plant species to meet the biomass demand |
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254 | (3) |
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9.6 Various techniques involved |
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257 | (2) |
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9.6.1 Anaerobic digestion |
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257 | (1) |
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9.6.2 Thermochemical techniques |
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257 | (2) |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (7) |
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10 The methods and factors of decoupling energy usage and economic growth |
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269 | (46) |
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270 | (3) |
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10.1.1 Types of decoupling |
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271 | (1) |
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10.1.2 Problems of measuring decoupling |
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272 | (1) |
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10.1.3 Focus of the chapter |
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272 | (1) |
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10.2 Theories of decoupling |
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273 | (5) |
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10.2.1 Sustainable development and absolute decoupling |
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273 | (1) |
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10.2.2 Environmental Kuznets curve |
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274 | (2) |
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10.2.3 Circular economy and decoupling |
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276 | (1) |
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10.2.4 Tapio decoupling coefficient |
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276 | (2) |
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278 | (2) |
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10.4 Structural decomposition analysis |
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280 | (3) |
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10.4.1 Input--output tables |
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280 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Applications of input-output tables in structural decomposition analysis |
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281 | (1) |
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10.4.3 Effects of embodied energy consumption and tertiarization |
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282 | (1) |
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10.4.4 Limits of structural decomposition analysis |
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283 | (1) |
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10.5 Index decomposition analysis |
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283 | (5) |
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10.5.1 The important factors |
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285 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Decomposition analysis of China |
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285 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Decomposition analysis of BRICS and developing countries |
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286 | (1) |
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10.5.4 Decomposition analysis of developed countries |
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287 | (1) |
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10.6 Statistical studies of decoupling |
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288 | (3) |
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10.6.1 Environmental Kuznets curve study and analysis |
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288 | (1) |
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10.6.2 Uniqueness in statistical techniques |
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288 | (1) |
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10.6.3 Novel studies of decoupling by circular economy |
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289 | (1) |
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10.6.4 Advantages and disadvantages of statistical analysis |
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290 | (1) |
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10.7 Policy implication of the decoupling factors |
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291 | (3) |
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10.7.1 Decoupling factors |
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292 | (1) |
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10.7.2 The Inhibiting Factors |
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292 | (1) |
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10.7.3 Energy intensity reduction for decoupling |
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293 | (1) |
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10.7.4 Emissions intensity reduction for decoupling |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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295 | (10) |
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305 | (10) |
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11 Sustainable energy generation from municipal solid waste |
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315 | (28) |
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315 | (3) |
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11.2 Potential of municipal solid waste as energy resource |
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318 | (1) |
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11.3 Challenges of using biomass for energy production |
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318 | (1) |
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11.4 Biomass pretreatment methods |
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319 | (5) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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11.4.3 Physicochemical methods |
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322 | (1) |
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11.4.4 Biological methods |
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323 | (1) |
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11.5 Biomass conversion methods |
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324 | (6) |
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11.5.1 Thermochemical conversion methods |
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325 | (3) |
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11.5.2 Biochemical conversion methods |
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328 | (2) |
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11.6 Process of biogas production (anaerobic digestion) |
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330 | (1) |
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11.7 Comparative analysis between different methods of waste to energy conversion |
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331 | (2) |
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11.8 Strategies on implementation of waste to energy conversion (WTE) technologies (strategic action plan) |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (1) |
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335 | (1) |
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335 | (1) |
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335 | (8) |
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12 Life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis of algae-derived biodiesel: current challenges and future prospects |
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343 | (30) |
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Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain |
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344 | (3) |
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12.2 Algae biodiesel production process overview |
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347 | (1) |
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12.3 Life cycle analysis, energy, and environmental measures |
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348 | (2) |
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348 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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349 | (1) |
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12.3.6 Environmental metrics |
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350 | (1) |
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12.4 Life cycle analysis of algae biodiesel process |
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350 | (13) |
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351 | (9) |
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12.4.2 Supplement handling |
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360 | (2) |
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12.4.3 Process management and analysis |
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362 | (1) |
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12.5 Life cycle impact analysis |
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363 | (1) |
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12.6 Techno-economic and policy analyses |
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364 | (1) |
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12.6.1 Techno-economic analysis |
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364 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (1) |
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365 | (8) |
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13 Biohythane production from organic waste: challenges and techno-economic perspective |
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373 | (20) |
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Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain |
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373 | (2) |
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13.2 Biochemical reactions and thermodynamics involved |
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375 | (1) |
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13.3 Biohythane production process |
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376 | (2) |
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13.4 Feedstocks for biohythane production |
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378 | (4) |
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13.4.1 Household food wastes |
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378 | (3) |
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13.4.2 Household food waste co-digestion with sewage sludge |
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381 | (1) |
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13.5 Dual-stage process for biohythane production |
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382 | (3) |
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13.5.1 Stage 1: Biohydrogen production |
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382 | (2) |
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13.5.2 Stage 2: Bio-methanation production |
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384 | (1) |
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13.6 Energy aspects of biohythane production |
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385 | (1) |
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13.7 Techno-economic perspective |
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385 | (1) |
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13.8 Challenges and future perspectives for scale up |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (6) |
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14 Waste biomass to biobutanol: recent trends and advancements |
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393 | (32) |
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Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain |
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394 | (2) |
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14.2 Biobutanol: characteristics and applications |
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396 | (2) |
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14.3 Clostridia for biobutanol production |
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398 | (1) |
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14.4 Different biomass as substrates |
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398 | (3) |
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14.4.1 Starch-based biomass |
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399 | (1) |
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14.4.2 Lignocellulosic-based biomass |
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399 | (1) |
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14.4.3 Algae-based biomass |
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400 | (1) |
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14.5 Pretreatment and hydrolysis |
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401 | (2) |
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14.5.1 Alkaline pretreatment |
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401 | (1) |
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14.5.2 Enzymatic hydrolysis |
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402 | (1) |
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14.5.3 Hot water pretreatment |
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402 | (1) |
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402 | (1) |
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14.5.5 Inorganic salts pretreatment |
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403 | (1) |
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14.6 Fermentation process |
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403 | (8) |
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406 | (1) |
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406 | (1) |
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14.6.3 Bioreactors: fermentation mode |
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407 | (2) |
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14.6.4 Immobilization culture |
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409 | (1) |
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14.6.5 Integrated biochemical strategies |
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409 | (2) |
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14.7 Separation and recovery |
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411 | (3) |
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14.7.1 Liquid--liquid extraction |
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411 | (1) |
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14.7.2 Cloud-point extraction |
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412 | (1) |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (1) |
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413 | (1) |
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413 | (1) |
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14.8 Genetic engineering and metabolic engineering for enhancing the biomass titer |
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414 | (1) |
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14.9 Process integration: a biorefinery concept |
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415 | (1) |
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14.10 Techno-economic analysis |
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416 | (1) |
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416 | (1) |
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417 | (8) |
Index |
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425 | |