| Preface |
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xi | |
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Chapter 1 Wastewater management in ancient times |
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1 | (12) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Middle East and India |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (4) |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Wastewater management: introduction to new technologies |
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13 | (14) |
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2.1 Climate Change Effects on Wastewater Treatment |
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14 | (1) |
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2.2 Innovative Nitrogen Removal |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (2) |
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2.4 The Membrane Bioreactor Process |
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20 | (1) |
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2.5 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) |
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21 | (1) |
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2.6 Sludge Treatment and Disposal |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (3) |
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Chapter 3 Novel biological processes for nutrient removal and energy recovery from wastewater |
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27 | (16) |
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27 | (1) |
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3.2 Biological Nutrient Removal Processes |
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28 | (8) |
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3.3 Anaerobic Technologies |
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36 | (2) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (4) |
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Chapter 4 Managing reuse of treated wastewater and bio solids for improved water use, energy generation and environmental control |
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43 | (8) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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4.6 The Main Components of Biogas Production |
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48 | (1) |
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4.7 Summary and Conclusions |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (2) |
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Chapter 5 Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment and management |
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51 | (14) |
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51 | (1) |
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5.2 Design and Types of Constructed Wetlands |
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52 | (1) |
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5.3 Removal Mechanisms of PPCPs in CWs |
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52 | (3) |
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5.4 Removal Efficiencies of PPCPs in Constructed Wetlands |
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55 | (4) |
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5.4.1 Design and operational parameters of CWs on PPCP removal |
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58 | (1) |
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5.5 Future Gaps and Recommendations |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (5) |
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Chapter 6 Heavy metal interactions under the effect of the wastewater and sludge reuse in agriculture |
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65 | (12) |
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6.1 The Need for the Study of Elemental Interactions under the Wastewater and Biosolid Reuse in Agriculture |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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6.3 Elemental Interactions in Soil-Plant System |
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66 | (8) |
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6.3.1 Factors affecting the interactions |
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68 | (2) |
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6.3.2 The study of the elemental Interactions under the treated municipal wastewater |
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70 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Elemental Interactions occurring in soil and in plants under wastewater |
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70 | (2) |
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6.3.4 Quantification of elemental contribution by the elemental interactions |
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72 | (1) |
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6.3.5 Elemental interactions explaining the positive relation of heavy metals to plant growth |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (3) |
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Chapter 7 Microplastics and synthetic fibers in treated wastewater and sludge |
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77 | (12) |
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7.1 Microplastics and Synthetic Fibers in the Environment |
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77 | (1) |
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7.2 Definition of Microplastics and Synthetic Fibers |
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78 | (1) |
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78 | (3) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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7.3.3 WWTP settling tanks |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (3) |
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7.6 Effective Control and Treatment Schemes |
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84 | (1) |
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7.7 WWTPs as a Primary Source for Beached Microplastics |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
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Chapter 8 Wastewater reuse: uptake of contaminants of emerging concern by crops |
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89 | (18) |
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89 | (1) |
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8.2 Key Physical-Chemical Properties of Organic Contaminants Affecting to the Uptake |
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90 | (1) |
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8.3 Factors Affecting to Bioavailability-Bioaccesibility of Contaminants |
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91 | (2) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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8.3.4 Irrigation technology |
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92 | (1) |
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8.4 Fate Organic Contaminants in Crops |
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93 | (6) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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8.5 Human Health & Risk Implications |
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99 | (1) |
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8.6 Soil Amending Strategies |
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100 | (1) |
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8.7 General Conclusions and Research Needs |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (5) |
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Chapter 9 Bio solids composting and soil applications |
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107 | (14) |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (2) |
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9.3 Characteristics of Biosolids |
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109 | (2) |
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9.4 Applications of Biosolids |
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111 | (3) |
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114 | (2) |
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9.6 Biosolids Impact Assessment |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (4) |
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Chapter 10 Anaerobic digestion and energy recovery from wastewater sludge |
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121 | (10) |
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10.1 Production and Characteristics of Wastewater Sludge |
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121 | (2) |
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122 | (1) |
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10.1.2 Secondary (biological) sludge |
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122 | (1) |
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10.1.3 Treatment and disposal of sludge |
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123 | (1) |
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10.2 Anaerobic Digestion of Wastewater Sludge |
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123 | (1) |
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10.3 Multi Stage and Temperature Phased Anaerobic Process |
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124 | (1) |
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10.4 Pre-Treatment of Sludge for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion |
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125 | (1) |
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10.5 Anaerobic Digestion of Sludge and Other Substrates (Co-Digestion) |
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125 | (1) |
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10.6 Novel Short-Cut Treatment of Sludge Reject Water for Nutrient and Carbon Management |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (4) |
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Chapter 11 Advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment |
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131 | (14) |
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131 | (1) |
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11.2 The Role of the Water Matrix |
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132 | (2) |
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11.3 Enhancement of Process Performance |
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134 | (7) |
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134 | (3) |
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11.3.2 How can selectivity be improved? |
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137 | (1) |
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11.3.3 New or improved materials |
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138 | (3) |
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11.4 Perspectives and Recommendations |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (4) |
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Chapter 12 Existence of organic micropollutants in the environment due to wastewater reuse and biosolids application |
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145 | (14) |
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145 | (1) |
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12.2 Occurrence of Organic Micropollutants in Treated Wastewater And Biosolids |
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145 | (3) |
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12.3 Fate of Organic Micropollutants During Wastewater Reuse and Biosolids Application |
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148 | (3) |
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12.4 Environmental Threat for the Aquatic and Terrestrial Environment Due to the Occurrence of Organic Micropollutants |
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151 | (1) |
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12.5 Regulatory Framework on the Occurrence of Organic Micropollutants in Treated Wastewater and Biosolids |
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152 | (1) |
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153 | (6) |
| Index |
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159 | |