About the Editors |
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xxi | |
About the Contributors |
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xxv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxxvii | |
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Chapter 1 The Environmental Water Management Cycle |
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3 | (16) |
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1.1 What Is This Book About? |
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3 | (2) |
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1.2 Environmental Water Management |
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5 | (8) |
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1.2.1 Vision and Objectives for the River |
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7 | (1) |
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1.2.2 How Much Water Is Needed: Tools for Environmental Flows Assessment |
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7 | (2) |
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1.2.3 Environmental Water Within Water Resource Planning |
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9 | (3) |
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1.2.4 Active Management of Environmental Water |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (6) |
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15 | (4) |
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SECTION II HISTORY AND CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL WATER MANAGEMENT |
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Chapter 2 Drivers and Social Context |
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19 | (18) |
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2.1 Water Use and Human Development |
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19 | (1) |
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2.2 Environment and Water Management |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3 Development of National and International Policies |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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2.5 Pathways to Environmental Water Policy |
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23 | (8) |
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2.5.1 Environmental Water in the United Kingdom |
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23 | (2) |
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2.5.2 Environmental Water in India |
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25 | (3) |
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2.5.3 Environmental Water in Southeast Asia |
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28 | (1) |
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2.5.4 Environmental Water in Australia |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (6) |
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2.6.1 Common Threads and Contrasts |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (4) |
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Chapter 3 Understanding Hydrological Alteration |
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37 | (28) |
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37 | (2) |
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3.2 Assessing the Level and Significance of Hydrological Alteration |
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39 | (2) |
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3.3 Alteration to the Land Surface Water Balance |
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41 | (4) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (3) |
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3.4 Surface Water Impoundment and Diversion |
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45 | (5) |
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3.4.1 Large Water Supply Dams |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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3.4.3 Flood Alleviation Dams |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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3.5 Groundwater Extraction and Depletion |
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50 | (4) |
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3.6 Altered Surface Drainage Network |
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54 | (2) |
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3.7 Synthesis of Hydrological Alterations |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (9) |
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58 | (7) |
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Chapter 4 Environmental and Ecological Effects of Flow Alteration in Surface Water Ecosystems |
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65 | (18) |
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65 | (2) |
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4.2 Hydrological Components: Linking Drivers of Change With Ecological Responses |
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67 | (4) |
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4.2.1 Reduced Baseflow(s) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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4.2.3 Increased Baseflow(s) (Antidrought) |
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71 | (1) |
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4.2.4 Increased Short-Term Variability (Hydropeaking) |
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71 | (1) |
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4.3 Ecological Effects of Flow Alteration |
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71 | (4) |
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4.3.1 Reduced Baseflow(s) and Increased Intermittency |
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71 | (1) |
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4.3.2 Reduced Flood Magnitude and Frequency |
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72 | (1) |
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4.3.3 Reduced Overbank Flooding |
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73 | (1) |
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4.3.4 Increased Baseflow(s) (Antidrought) |
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73 | (1) |
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4.3.5 Increased Short-Term Flow Variability (Hydropeaking) |
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74 | (1) |
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4.3.6 Nonhydrological Impacts of Flow Regulation Requiring Consideration for Holistic Management of Environmental Water |
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74 | (1) |
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4.4 The Importance of Local Factors |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (7) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (6) |
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Chapter 5 Geomorphological Effects of Flow Alteration on Rivers |
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83 | (18) |
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83 | (1) |
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5.2 The Role of Geomorphology in Aquatic Ecosystems |
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84 | (2) |
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5.3 Common Settings That Influence River Geomorphology |
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86 | (10) |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (5) |
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96 | (5) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (4) |
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Chapter 6 Impacts of Hydrological Alterations on Water Quality |
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101 | (28) |
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6.1 Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Water Quality |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (3) |
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6.2.1 Stream Salinity Processes |
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103 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Anthropogenic Influences on Stream Salinity |
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104 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Management Options to Control Stream Salinity |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (5) |
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6.3.1 Thermal Processes and Controlling Mechanisms in Rivers |
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106 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Anthropogenic Impacts to Stream Thermal Processes |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (3) |
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6.4.1 Nitrogen Transformation Processes and Controlling Mechanisms in Rivers |
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110 | (2) |
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6.4.2 Anthropogenic Influences on Stream Nitrogen Levels |
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112 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Management Options to Control Stream Nitrogen Loads |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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6.5.1 Processes and Controlling Mechanisms in Rivers |
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113 | (3) |
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6.5.2 Anthropogenic Influences |
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116 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (12) |
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119 | (10) |
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SECTION III VISION AND OBJECTIVES FOR THE RIVER SYSTEM |
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Chapter 7 Stakeholder Engagement in Environmental Water Management |
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129 | (22) |
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129 | (2) |
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7.2 Stakeholder Engagement Within Environmental Water Management |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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7.4 Integrating Stakeholder Engagement Into the Management Framework |
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133 | (1) |
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7.5 Principles for Engagement |
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133 | (4) |
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7.6 Established Tools for Stakeholder Engagement Including Conflict Resolution |
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137 | (3) |
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7.7 Five Steps for Devising an Effective Stakeholder Engagement Strategy |
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140 | (1) |
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7.8 Preengagement Preparation Phase: Be Prepared! |
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140 | (4) |
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7.8.1 Step 1: Internal Engagement Strategy and Integration Within Overall Management Framework |
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141 | (1) |
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7.8.2 Step 2: Who to Engage: Stakeholder Mapping/Analysis |
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141 | (3) |
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7.9 Full Engagement Commencement Steps |
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144 | (3) |
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7.9.1 Step 3: When and How to Fully Engage |
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144 | (1) |
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7.9.2 Step 4: Develop and Implement Stakeholder Engagement Plan |
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145 | (1) |
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7.9.3 Step 5: Implementation and Evaluation of Engagement Strategy |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (4) |
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147 | (4) |
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Chapter 8 Environmental Water Regimes and Natural Capital: Free-Flowing Ecosystem Services |
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151 | (22) |
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151 | (4) |
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8.2 Environmental Water, Natural Capital, and Ecosystem Services |
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155 | (2) |
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8.3 Identifying and Assessing Ecosystem Services |
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157 | (3) |
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8.4 Challenges of Measuring and Valuing Freshwater Fluvial Ecosystem Services |
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160 | (2) |
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8.5 Opportunities and Challenges for Environmental Water Delivery of Ecosystem Services |
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162 | (1) |
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8.6 African Case Studies in Ecosystem Service and Environmental Flows Assessment Research and Implementation |
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163 | (4) |
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163 | (2) |
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8.6.2 Balancing Water Resource Use and Ecosystem Services Within Areas of Nature Conservation Value |
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165 | (2) |
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8.7 Conclusion and Way Forward |
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167 | (6) |
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168 | (5) |
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Chapter 9 How Much Water Does a Culture Need? Environmental Water Management's Cultural Challenge and Indigenous Responses |
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173 | (16) |
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173 | (2) |
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9.2 Water Cultures and Indigenous Waterscapes |
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175 | (2) |
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9.3 Trends in the Recognition of Indigenous Water Interests in Australia |
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177 | (2) |
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9.4 Indigenous Peoples and Environmental Water Management |
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179 | (2) |
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9.5 Indigenous Responses and Their Water Rights Strategies |
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181 | (3) |
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184 | (5) |
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185 | (4) |
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Chapter 10 Visions, Objectives, Targets, and Goals |
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189 | (14) |
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189 | (1) |
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10.2 Establishing a Vision for a River |
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190 | (1) |
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10.3 Establishing Objectives for Environmental Water |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (2) |
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194 | (3) |
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10.6 Monitoring, Evaluation, and Adaptive Management |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (6) |
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197 | (6) |
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SECTION IV HOW MUCH WATER IS NEEDED: TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS ASSESSMENT |
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Chapter 11 Evolution of Environmental Flows Assessment Science, Principles, and Methodologies |
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203 | (34) |
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203 | (9) |
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11.1.1 Foundations and Types of Environmental Flows Assessment Methodologies |
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204 | (8) |
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11.2 Holistic Environmental Flows Assessment Methods |
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212 | (4) |
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11.2.1 Evolution of Principles and Approaches |
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212 | (2) |
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11.2.2 A Survey of Holistic Methods |
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214 | (2) |
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11.3 Flow---Ecology and Flow Alteration---Ecological Response Relationships |
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216 | (2) |
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11.4 From Local to Regional Scales of Environmental Water Assessment |
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218 | (4) |
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11.5 New Challenges for Environmental Water: Moving From Static Systems to Nonstationary Dynamics |
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222 | (3) |
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11.5.1 Hydrology: Regimes and Events |
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223 | (1) |
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11.5.2 Ecology: States, Rates, and Traits |
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224 | (1) |
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11.6 Conclusion: Guiding Elements for Best Practice in Environmental Flows Assessment |
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225 | (12) |
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228 | (9) |
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Chapter 12 Tools for Sediment Management in Rivers |
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237 | (28) |
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237 | (2) |
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12.2 Sediment Mobilization Theory |
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239 | (7) |
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12.2.1 Sediment Entrainment |
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239 | (3) |
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12.2.2 Sediment Transport |
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242 | (2) |
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12.2.3 Sediment Deposition |
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244 | (2) |
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12.3 Environmental Flows Assessment Methods for Geomorphic Maintenance |
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246 | (3) |
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12.3.1 Threshold-Based Approaches |
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246 | (2) |
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12.3.2 Field/Laboratory Methods |
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248 | (1) |
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12.3.3 Sediment Management in Holistic Environmental Flow Methods |
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248 | (1) |
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12.4 Complementary Options for Sediment Management |
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249 | (7) |
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12.4.1 Catchment-Scale Conceptual Sediment Models and Budgets |
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250 | (1) |
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12.4.2 Basin Land Management |
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250 | (3) |
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12.4.3 Sediment Management Through Dams |
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253 | (1) |
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12.4.4 Sediment Augmentation Below Dams |
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254 | (2) |
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12.4.5 Stream Restoration |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (9) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (7) |
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Chapter 13 Physical Habitat Modeling and Ecohydrological Tools |
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265 | (22) |
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13.1 Introduction: Principles of Ecohydrological and Hydraulic-Habitat Tools |
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265 | (3) |
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13.2 Predictive Power of Ecohydrological and Hydraulic-Habitat Tools |
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268 | (1) |
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13.3 Examples of Ecohydrological Tools |
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269 | (4) |
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269 | (1) |
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13.3.2 Case Study 1: Ecohydrological Assessment of a Large River Catchment |
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270 | (3) |
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13.4 Examples of Hydraulic-Habitat Approaches |
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273 | (7) |
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273 | (2) |
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13.4.2 Case Study 2: Unsteady 2D-Numerical Habitat Modeling for Assessing the Effect of Hydropeaking in Austrian Alpine Rivers |
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275 | (2) |
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13.4.3 Case Study 3: 2D-Numerical Habitat Modeling for Assessing the Effect of Morphological Restoration |
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277 | (2) |
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13.4.4 Case Study 4: Catchment-Scale Distributed Habitat Modeling Using Statistical Habitat Models |
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279 | (1) |
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13.5 Conclusion: Combining Hydrological and Hydraulic-Habitat Tools Within Modular Libraries |
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280 | (7) |
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282 | (5) |
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Chapter 14 Models of Ecological Responses to Flow Regime Change to Inform Environmental Flows Assessments |
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287 | (30) |
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287 | (2) |
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289 | (1) |
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14.3 Striving for Parsimony in Environmental Flows Assessments |
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289 | (1) |
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14.4 What Choices Exist for Ecological Modeling to Assist Environmental Flows Assessments? |
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290 | (8) |
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14.4.1 Simple Linear Models |
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291 | (1) |
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14.4.2 Generalized Linear and Nonlinear Models |
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292 | (1) |
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14.4.3 Hierarchical Models |
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293 | (2) |
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14.4.4 Functional Linear Models |
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295 | (1) |
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14.4.5 Machine Learning Approaches |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (2) |
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14.5 Comparing Modeling Approaches |
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298 | (4) |
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14.5.1 Classifying Modeling Approaches: Data Requirements Versus Need for Knowledge of Ecological Processes |
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298 | (2) |
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14.5.2 Implementing Modeling Approaches: The Need for Technical Expertise |
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300 | (2) |
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14.6 Arriving at a Parsimonious Model |
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302 | (4) |
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14.6.1 Identifying Existing Models or Gaps |
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302 | (3) |
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14.6.2 Improving Model Parsimony Over Time |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (2) |
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14.8 Building Knowledge and Improving Ecological Response Models |
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308 | (3) |
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14.8.1 Adaptive Learning, the Importance of Maintaining Close Links to Research |
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308 | (1) |
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14.8.2 What Might the Future Hold? |
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308 | (3) |
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311 | (6) |
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312 | (5) |
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Chapter 15 Uncertainty and Environmental Water |
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317 | (30) |
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15.1 Why Consider Uncertainty? |
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317 | (1) |
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15.2 The Nature of Uncertainty |
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318 | (1) |
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15.3 Sources of Uncertainty in Environmental Flows Assessments |
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319 | (7) |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (3) |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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15.4 Quantifying Uncertainty |
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326 | (10) |
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15.4.1 Probability Distributions |
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328 | (1) |
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15.4.2 Statistical Methods |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (2) |
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15.4.4 Bayesian Statistics |
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332 | (1) |
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15.4.5 Subjective Judgment |
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333 | (1) |
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15.4.6 Combining Uncertainties |
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334 | (2) |
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15.4.7 Challenges for Quantifying Uncertainty |
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336 | (1) |
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15.5 Addressing Uncertainty |
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336 | (4) |
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15.5.1 Improved Knowledge |
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336 | (2) |
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15.5.2 Reporting Uncertainties |
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338 | (1) |
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15.5.3 Incorporating Uncertainty in Decision Making |
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339 | (1) |
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15.5.4 Challenges for Addressing Uncertainty |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (7) |
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340 | (7) |
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SECTION V ENVIRONMENTAL WATER WITHIN WATER RESOURCE PLANNING |
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Chapter 16 Water Budgets to Inform Sustainable Water Management |
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347 | (14) |
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347 | (1) |
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16.2 Constructing a Water Budget |
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348 | (5) |
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16.3 Rebalancing a Water Budget for Long-Term Sustainability |
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353 | (6) |
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16.3.1 Setting Limits on Consumptive Use |
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354 | (1) |
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16.3.2 Reallocating Water to Environmental Use |
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355 | (1) |
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16.3.3 The Economic and Political Prospects for Environmental Water Regime Restoration |
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355 | (4) |
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359 | (2) |
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359 | (2) |
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Chapter 17 Mechanisms to Allocate Environmental Water |
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361 | (38) |
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361 | (1) |
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17.2 Types of Allocation Mechanisms: Legal Basis, Function, and Operation |
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362 | (8) |
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17.2.1 Allocation Mechanisms That Impose Conditions on Other Water Users |
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364 | (4) |
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17.2.2 Allocation Mechanisms That Create Legal Water Rights for the Environment |
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368 | (2) |
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17.3 Selection of an Appropriate Mechanism for Environmental Water Allocation |
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370 | (7) |
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17.3.1 Framing the Problem: Initial Conditions and Fundamental Constraints |
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371 | (1) |
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17.3.2 Philosophy on Environmental Values |
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372 | (2) |
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17.3.3 Responsiveness to Variability and Change |
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374 | (3) |
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17.4 Current Mechanisms for Environmental Water Allocation: Case Studies Illustrating Factors for Success in Implementation |
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377 | (15) |
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17.4.1 The Murray-Darling Basin, Australia |
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377 | (3) |
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17.4.2 Columbia River Basin, United States |
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380 | (4) |
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384 | (6) |
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17.4.4 Yellow River, People's Republic of China |
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390 | (2) |
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392 | (7) |
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393 | (6) |
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Chapter 18 Rebalancing the System: Acquiring Water and Trade |
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399 | (22) |
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399 | (1) |
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18.2 Water Market Fundamentals |
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400 | (3) |
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18.3 Acquiring Water for the Environment |
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403 | (9) |
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18.3.1 Conditions for the Environment Entering the Water Market |
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404 | (1) |
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18.3.2 Water Products for the Environment |
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404 | (4) |
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18.3.3 Who Can Buy Water for the Environment? |
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408 | (1) |
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18.3.4 Examples of Environmental Water Markets |
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409 | (3) |
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18.4 Challenges to Environmental Water Acquisitions |
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412 | (3) |
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18.4.1 Government Intervention, Institutional, and Economic Challenges |
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413 | (1) |
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18.4.2 Community and Participatory Challenges |
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414 | (1) |
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415 | (6) |
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416 | (5) |
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Chapter 19 Environmental Water Organizations and Institutional Settings |
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421 | (32) |
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421 | (2) |
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19.2 What Type of Environmental Water Organization Is Required? |
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423 | (9) |
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19.2.1 Environmental Water Organizations: Functions and Activities |
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424 | (2) |
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19.2.2 Active or Passive Management: What Does This Mean? |
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426 | (2) |
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19.2.3 Choosing Your Environmental Water Organization: A Guide |
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428 | (1) |
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19.2.4 Hydrology, Scale, and Partnerships |
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429 | (3) |
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19.3 Protection and Maintenance |
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432 | (4) |
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19.3.1 Protection in Advance: Proposed Conditions on Operators of the Proposed Patuca III Dam in Honduras |
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432 | (1) |
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19.3.2 Protection and Maintenance Across Multiple States: The Murray---Darling Basin Cap |
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433 | (1) |
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19.3.3 Protection in Fully or Overallocated Systems: Setting a Cap and Protecting Minimum Flows |
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434 | (2) |
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19.4 Recovery and Management |
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436 | (7) |
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19.4.1 Recovery by Passive Organizations: Changing Conditions for Storage Operations in Ghana and the United States |
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437 | (2) |
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19.4.2 Recovery and Management Across National and State Borders: Environmental Water Rights in the Colorado River |
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439 | (1) |
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19.4.3 Recovery and Management by Private Organizations: Environmental Water Rights in the Western United States |
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439 | (2) |
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19.4.4 Management of Recovered Environmental Water Rights in Australia |
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441 | (2) |
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19.5 Getting the Institutional Settings Right |
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443 | (2) |
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445 | (8) |
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448 | (5) |
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Chapter 20 Management Options to Address Diffuse Causes of Hydrologic Alteration |
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453 | (30) |
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453 | (1) |
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20.2 The Nature of Diffuse Catchment Changes and Their Management Challenges |
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453 | (3) |
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20.2.1 Regulation and Licensing |
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454 | (1) |
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20.2.2 Technical Solutions |
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455 | (1) |
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20.2.3 Collaborative Management |
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456 | (1) |
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456 | (5) |
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20.3.1 Characterizing Farm Dam Hydrological Impacts |
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456 | (2) |
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20.3.2 Options Available to Address Hydrological Impacts of Farm Dams |
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458 | (3) |
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20.4 Managing Hydrological Alteration Due to Groundwater Changes |
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461 | (4) |
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20.4.1 Characterizing Groundwater---Surface Water Impacts |
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462 | (1) |
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20.4.2 Options Available to Address Hydrological Impacts From Groundwater Use |
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463 | (2) |
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20.5 Managing Hydrological Alteration Due to Urbanization |
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465 | (6) |
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20.5.1 Characterizing Storm water Impacts |
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466 | (1) |
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20.5.2 Options Available to Address Hydrological Impacts From Urbanization |
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467 | (4) |
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20.6 Managing Hydrological Alteration Due to Reforestation |
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471 | (2) |
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20.6.1 Characterizing Reforestation Impacts |
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471 | (1) |
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20.6.2 Options Available to Address Hydrological Impacts From Reforestation |
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472 | (1) |
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473 | (10) |
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474 | (9) |
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Chapter 21 Managing Infrastructure to Maintain Natural Functions in Developed Rivers |
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483 | (36) |
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483 | (2) |
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21.2 A Brief Overview of River Basin Infrastructure and Implications for River Functions |
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485 | (5) |
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485 | (2) |
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21.2.2 Diversion Structures |
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487 | (2) |
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489 | (1) |
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21.3 Managing Infrastructure to Preserve or Restore Natural Functions in Developed River Systems |
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490 | (9) |
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21.3.1 Rules of Thumb for Dam Siting |
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491 | (3) |
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21.3.2 Design of Infrastructure for Environmental Compatibility |
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494 | (5) |
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21.4 Operating Dams to Maintain Natural Functions in the Downstream Environment |
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499 | (8) |
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21.4.1 Important Factors for Dam Reoperation |
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500 | (3) |
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21.4.2 Operation and Reoperation of Hydropower Systems |
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503 | (4) |
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21.5 Reoperations of Irrigation Infrastructure for Environmental Restoration |
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507 | (3) |
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21.5.1 Conjunctive Water Management Through Groundwater Banking |
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507 | (2) |
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21.5.2 REOPS Tool for Irrigation Systems |
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509 | (1) |
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21.6 Reoperations of Flood Control Infrastructure for Environmental Restoration |
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510 | (3) |
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21.6.1 Flood Control Operations |
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511 | (1) |
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21.6.2 Options for Reoperating Flood Control Systems |
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512 | (1) |
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513 | (6) |
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514 | (1) |
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514 | (5) |
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Chapter 22 Environmental Water and Integrated Catchment Management |
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519 | (20) |
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519 | (2) |
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521 | (6) |
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22.2.1 Impact of Nonflow Stressors on the Effectiveness of Environmental Water Delivery |
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521 | (4) |
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22.2.2 Diagnosing Critical Stressors to Target in Catchment Management |
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525 | (2) |
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22.3 Environmental Interactions Across Catchment |
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527 | (2) |
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22.4 Implementing Integrated Catchment Management |
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529 | (3) |
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532 | (7) |
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532 | (7) |
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SECTION VI ACTIVE MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL WATER |
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Chapter 23 Planning for the Active Management of Environmental Water |
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539 | (24) |
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539 | (2) |
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23.2 Institutional Imperatives for Active Environmental Management |
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541 | (2) |
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23.3 Active Environmental Water Management in a Local Integrated Waterway Management Context |
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543 | (2) |
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23.4 Policy Framework for Active Environmental Water Management |
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545 | (5) |
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23.4.1 Overall Policy Objective |
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546 | (1) |
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23.4.2 Policy Guidance for Active Environmental Water Management in a Variable Climate |
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547 | (2) |
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549 | (1) |
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23.5 Annual Planning for the Use of Environmental Water |
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550 | (8) |
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23.5.1 Planning for the Next Few Years: Decisions on Carry Over and Trade |
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553 | (1) |
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23.5.2 Planning for Complex Multisite Watering at a System Scale in Highly Interconnected Systems |
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554 | (3) |
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557 | (1) |
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23.6 Opportunities and Challenges |
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558 | (5) |
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23.6.1 Social License to Operate |
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558 | (1) |
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23.6.2 Understanding Greatest Environmental Benefit |
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558 | (1) |
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23.6.3 Increasing Community Demands on Environmental Water Use |
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559 | (1) |
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560 | (1) |
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560 | (3) |
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Chapter 24 Environmental Water Delivery: Maximizing Ecological Outcomes in a Constrained Operating Environment |
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563 | (36) |
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563 | (4) |
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24.1.1 The Murray---Darling Basin |
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565 | (1) |
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24.1.2 The Columbia and Colorado Basins |
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565 | (2) |
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24.2 Operational Flow Management for the Environment |
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567 | (5) |
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24.2.1 Governance and Implementation Arrangements |
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567 | (3) |
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24.2.2 Administrative Arrangements |
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570 | (1) |
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571 | (1) |
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24.2.4 Operational Monitoring |
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|
571 | (1) |
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24.3 Delivery Challenges in Implementing Environmental Water Regimes |
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572 | (17) |
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24.3.1 Delivering Water to Maximize Environmental Outcomes |
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573 | (12) |
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24.3.2 Limitations on Environmental Water Releases |
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585 | (4) |
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24.4 Continuous Improvement |
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589 | (5) |
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24.4.1 From Flow Events to Flow Regimes |
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|
589 | (1) |
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24.4.2 Adaptive Management in Practice |
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589 | (4) |
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593 | (1) |
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594 | (5) |
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|
595 | (4) |
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Chapter 25 Principles for Monitoring, Evaluation, and Adaptive Management of Environmental Water Regimes |
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|
599 | (26) |
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599 | (1) |
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25.2 Background: History of Adaptive Management |
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|
600 | (1) |
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25.3 Measuring the Success of Adaptive Management |
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|
601 | (3) |
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25.4 Improving Upon Previous Monitoring and Adaptive Management |
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604 | (1) |
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25.5 The Long-Term Aim of Monitoring and Adaptive Management |
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|
605 | (2) |
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25.6 Challenges for Monitoring and Evaluation of Ecosystem Responses to Environmental Water Releases |
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|
607 | (2) |
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25.7 Challenges for Learning |
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|
609 | (1) |
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25.8 General Principles for Monitoring and Adaptive Management of Environmental Water Regimes |
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|
610 | (8) |
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25.8.1 Expend the Time Necessary to Build and Maintain Trusting Partnerships |
|
|
611 | (2) |
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25.8.2 The Importance of Individuals, Roles, Skills, and Experience |
|
|
613 | (2) |
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25.8.3 Learning From Other Projects |
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|
615 | (1) |
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25.8.4 Adaptive Management May Emerge Spontaneously |
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|
615 | (1) |
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25.8.5 Coordination of Monitoring and Evaluation Across Large Scales |
|
|
616 | (1) |
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25.8.6 Create a Program of Requisite Simplicity |
|
|
616 | (1) |
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25.8.7 Innovative Approaches to Analysis and Evaluation: Make the Most of Your Data |
|
|
617 | (1) |
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25.8.8 Maintain the Adaptive Aspect of Adaptive Management |
|
|
617 | (1) |
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25.8.9 Regular Reporting of Observations, Learnings, and Processes |
|
|
618 | (1) |
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25.9 Conclusions: Adaptive Environmental Water Regimes |
|
|
618 | (1) |
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|
619 | (6) |
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620 | (5) |
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Chapter 26 Defining Success: A Multicriteria Approach to Guide Evaluation and Investment |
|
|
625 | (24) |
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|
625 | (2) |
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26.2 Defining Success: Six Criteria |
|
|
627 | (8) |
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628 | (1) |
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629 | (1) |
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|
630 | (1) |
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26.2.4 Legal and Administrative Framework |
|
|
631 | (1) |
|
26.2.5 Organizational Capacity |
|
|
632 | (1) |
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|
632 | (3) |
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26.3 Illustrating the Criteria in the Field: The Columbia and Murray---Darling Basins |
|
|
635 | (4) |
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|
637 | (1) |
|
26.3.2 Murray---Darling Basin |
|
|
638 | (1) |
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26.4 What Gets Measured, Gets Managed: Moving From Criteria to Evaluation |
|
|
639 | (3) |
|
26.4.1 Establish a Baseline |
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
26.4.2 Measure Success Across Multiple Dimensions and Time Frames |
|
|
640 | (1) |
|
26.4.3 Long-Term Success Depends on Legitimacy |
|
|
641 | (1) |
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|
642 | (7) |
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|
643 | (6) |
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SECTION VII REMAINING CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD |
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|
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Chapter 27 Moving Forward: The Implementation Challenge for Environmental Water Management |
|
|
649 | (26) |
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|
649 | (2) |
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27.2 How Much Water Do Rivers Need? |
|
|
651 | (4) |
|
27.3 How Do We Increase the Number of Rivers Where Environmental Water Is Provided? |
|
|
655 | (4) |
|
27.4 How Can We Embed Environmental Water Management As a Core Element of Water Resource Planning? |
|
|
659 | (1) |
|
27.5 How Can Knowledge and Experience be Transferred and Scaled? |
|
|
660 | (2) |
|
27.6 How Can We Enhance the Legitimacy of Environmental Water Programs? |
|
|
662 | (3) |
|
27.7 Can Adaptive Management Become Standard Practice? |
|
|
665 | (1) |
|
|
666 | (9) |
|
|
668 | (7) |
Maps |
|
675 | (8) |
Abbreviations |
|
683 | (4) |
Glossary |
|
687 | (4) |
Index |
|
691 | |