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xxi | |
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xxii | |
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xxiii | |
Preface |
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xxiv | |
Acknowledgements |
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xxvi | |
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List of acronyms and abbreviations |
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xxviii | |
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1 | (16) |
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2 | (15) |
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4 | (1) |
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Speech and language disorders |
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5 | (1) |
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The practicality of a home language first approach |
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5 | (1) |
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Mirpuri, a Pakistani-heritage language |
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6 | (1) |
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Acknowledging and valuing linguistic diversity in the profession |
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7 | (1) |
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Gaining confidence in working in Languages Other Than English (LOTE) |
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8 | (1) |
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Racism in the profession and internalised racism |
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9 | (1) |
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Diversity and families: LGBTQ+ |
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10 | (1) |
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Professional power and privilege |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (5) |
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2 Definitions and terminology |
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17 | (27) |
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Bilinqualism, Language Disorder and Speech Sound Disorder |
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18 | (8) |
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19 | (1) |
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Identity and ownership of terminology |
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19 | (2) |
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Bilinqualism and multilingualism |
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21 | (1) |
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Home language, mother tongue, and "our tongue" |
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21 | (1) |
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Mother tongue or mother language |
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22 | (1) |
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Additional language/Second language |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (2) |
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Code, code switching, or codeswitching |
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26 | (2) |
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Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) versus the defunct "language delay" diagnostic label |
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28 | (1) |
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Language acquisition in bilingual children |
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29 | (1) |
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One Person One Language approach (OPOL) |
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29 | (1) |
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Potential bilingual/monolingual in a Language Other Than English (LOTE) |
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30 | (1) |
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Language acquisition versus formal language learning |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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Simultaneous bilingualism |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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High-status and low-status languages |
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33 | (1) |
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The impact of language status on the individual and bilingual family |
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34 | (1) |
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Pre-literate language versus illiteracy |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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The evolution of terminology and speaker's preferences |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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Cross-linguistic transfer |
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38 | (1) |
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Populations and terminology |
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39 | (5) |
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People who are refugees and people seeking asylum |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (2) |
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3 Differentiating language disorder from language difference |
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44 | (23) |
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Differentiating language disorder from language difference |
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45 | (3) |
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Can children only have problems learning the additional language? |
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46 | (1) |
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Can children only have problems learning the home language, but not the additional language? |
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47 | (1) |
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Key components of assessment of bilingual children |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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The referral form and conversations |
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49 | (1) |
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Speech and language therapy referral form |
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49 | (5) |
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Child or young person's name |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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The parent/carer interview (case history) |
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54 | (2) |
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Involving a professional interpreter |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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Language exposure and attitude questionnaire |
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56 | (4) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (3) |
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61 | (1) |
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Apparently dominant in the mainstream language due to pragmatics associated with the setting and/or person assessing |
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61 | (1) |
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Dominant in English and experiencing language attrition at home |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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4 Working alongside interpreters |
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67 | (23) |
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Working alongside interpreters |
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68 | (9) |
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Advantages of working alongside an interpreter |
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68 | (1) |
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Locating a home language interpreter |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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Three-way telephone interpreting and telehealth |
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69 | (1) |
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Difference between an interpreter and a translator |
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70 | (1) |
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Identifying the correct language and dialect |
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70 | (1) |
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Bilingual speech and language therapy assistants and bilingual co-workers |
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71 | (1) |
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Different types of literacy: language learning for religious purposes |
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72 | (1) |
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Myth: bilingual SLTs don't need an interpreter |
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73 | (1) |
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Who should work as an interpreter? |
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73 | (1) |
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Who is the interpreter for? |
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74 | (1) |
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Cost of working with an interpreter |
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75 | (1) |
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"Getting by" and informed consent |
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75 | (1) |
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Child protection and interpreters |
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76 | (1) |
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A timetable for SLTs working alongside interpreters |
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77 | (13) |
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Double the time essential for equitable outcomes |
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77 | (1) |
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Translation of written materials |
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77 | (4) |
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Pre-literate languages (language with no written form) |
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81 | (1) |
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Low levels of literacy associated with deprivation |
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82 | (1) |
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Providing information, intervention, and reports via video format |
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82 | (1) |
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The use of computerised translation apps and services |
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83 | (1) |
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Seating position when working with an interpreter |
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84 | (1) |
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Tips for working alongside an interpreter |
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85 | (5) |
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90 | (12) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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The use of transliteration to record home language responses |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (2) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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Areas to be considered during the translation process |
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95 | (2) |
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Differences between languages and codeswitching |
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97 | (2) |
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Setting therapy aims -- simple utterances |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (2) |
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6 Language assessment and intervention in home language |
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102 | (44) |
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Which language(s) to assess and provide intervention? |
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104 | (24) |
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Case illustration -- abandoning home language due to Speech Sound Disorder |
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104 | (1) |
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Case illustration -- abandoning home language due to language disorder |
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105 | (1) |
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Why not have a bilingual approach to intervention? |
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106 | (6) |
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Shared language/NO shared language between the professional and the family |
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112 | (1) |
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Interpreter or bilingual SLT? |
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113 | (1) |
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When the shared language is not the home language |
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113 | (1) |
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Assessing language skills |
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113 | (1) |
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Assessing home language skills and then additional language skills |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (2) |
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Using thematic roles to analyse bilingual utterances |
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117 | (1) |
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Usage-based language acquisition |
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117 | (3) |
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120 | (1) |
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Vocabulary and expressive language |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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Pragmatic language skills |
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124 | (1) |
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Informal and formal assessments of language |
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124 | (1) |
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Language screen versus detailed language assessment |
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125 | (1) |
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Why informal home language assessments are superior to published standardised English language assessments |
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125 | (1) |
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Assessment of comprehension: early years |
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126 | (2) |
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Diagnosis of SLCN, Language Difficulties, and Developmental Language Disorder |
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128 | (1) |
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Codeswitching and the myth of word/phrase order errors |
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128 | (1) |
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Planning therapy in home language: dynamic assessment |
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129 | (5) |
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Delivering therapy in home language |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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Examples of therapy aims for basic spoken utterances in Mirpuri |
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135 | (3) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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When to introduce English (or Welsh or Gaelic) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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The impact of teachers' attitude to home languages |
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139 | (7) |
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7 Speech Sound Disorder in a bilingual context |
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146 | (35) |
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148 | (12) |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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Literacy and phonological awareness in a bilingual context |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (2) |
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Diagnostic labels and categories |
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152 | (1) |
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Under-representation of bilingual children with SSD |
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152 | (1) |
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Home language speech sound assessments |
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152 | (1) |
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Low socioeconomic status as a risk factor for SSD |
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153 | (1) |
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Discrimination based on ethnicity/language other than English use |
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153 | (1) |
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Causes of Speech Sound Disorder |
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153 | (1) |
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Separate phonological systems for each language |
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154 | (1) |
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One vocal tract -- one articulatory system |
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154 | (1) |
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Classification of Speech Sound Disorder |
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155 | (1) |
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Articulation disorder: distortion |
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155 | (1) |
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Articulation disorder: articulation disorder with phonological implications |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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Consistent (Atypical) Phonological Disorder |
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157 | (1) |
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Inconsistent (or atypical) Phonological Disorder (IPD) |
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158 | (2) |
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Assessment of Speech Sound Disorder |
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160 | (5) |
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161 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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Word Web: Semantic Features |
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162 | (1) |
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Word web: phonological features |
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162 | (1) |
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Adaptations to word webs for bilingual children |
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162 | (3) |
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Checklist for speech assessment of a bilingual child speaking at least one language not shared with the clinician |
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165 | (5) |
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167 | (1) |
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Offer a choice of languages |
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168 | (1) |
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Identify the inventory and any developmental data for the language(s) |
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168 | (1) |
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Monolingual acquisition data is likely to differ from bilingual acquisition data and should not be applied to bilingual children unmodified |
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168 | (1) |
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Information on the phonology of languages other than English (LOTE) |
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169 | (1) |
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Features which may be unfamiliar to English monolingual therapists |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Speech systems examination |
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170 | (5) |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Why the application of monolingual normative data, including phonological process age of elimination is misleading |
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171 | (1) |
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Applying phonological process age norms across languages |
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172 | (1) |
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Phonological processes are eliminated at different ages across languages |
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172 | (1) |
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Interaction of two languages and the impact on phonology |
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173 | (1) |
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Same phonological diagnosis, different surface patterns in each language |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
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175 | (1) |
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Planning intervention for a bilingual child with Speech Sound Disorder |
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175 | (2) |
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Treatment intensity (Dose) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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Phonological Delay and Consistent Phonological Disorder |
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176 | (1) |
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Inconsistent Phonological Disorder (IPD) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (4) |
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8 Augmentative and Alternative Communication |
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181 | (16) |
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Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) in a bilingual context |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Language availability and need |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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Individual language needs |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Culturally appropriate symbols |
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188 | (1) |
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Allocating appropriate time to ensure quality outcomes |
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189 | (1) |
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Time taken to create an AAC system |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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Working with bilingual professionals |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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Considerations for long-term implementation of aac |
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193 | (1) |
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Ongoing support for personalisation |
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193 | (1) |
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Language-specific therapy input |
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194 | (3) |
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Things to consider when appraising an AAC resource in a language you do not share with the service user and their family |
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194 | (3) |
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9 Cultural inquisitiveness and bilingual service delivery checklist |
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197 | (21) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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Increasing diversity in the workforce and representation |
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200 | (1) |
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Intersectionality and LGBTQ+ people |
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201 | (2) |
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Intersectionality and people with a disability |
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203 | (1) |
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Socioeconomic status (social class) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (2) |
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Improving services by harnessing community power: Co-production |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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RCSLT checklist: essential Foundations for working successfully with bilingual children experiencing SLCN and their families |
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207 | (7) |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (3) |
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10 Barriers to working with bilingual children and how to overcome them |
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218 | (10) |
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Barriers to working with bilingual children and how to overcome them |
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219 | (8) |
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I'm not allowed the additional time needed |
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219 | (1) |
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There are too many languages spoken in the local area so I will just work in the mainstream language (such as English) |
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220 | (1) |
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We don't have a specialist SLT in bilinqualism |
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221 | (1) |
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The child needs X language for the education system so I have to deliver assessment and intervention in that language |
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222 | (1) |
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If there is more than one home language spoken, which language(s) should assessment and therapy be delivered in? |
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223 | (1) |
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I can't find a bilingual SLT or bilingual assistant/co-worker to work with this particular family |
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224 | (1) |
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Recruiting bilingual assistants and teaching assistants |
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224 | (1) |
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I don't know anything about this particular language |
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225 | (1) |
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I haven't got any assessments |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (60) |
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231 | (10) |
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Quiz 1 Language disorder in a bilingual context Questions |
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232 | (2) |
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Quiz 1 Language disorder in a bilingual context Answers |
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234 | (3) |
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Quiz 2 Speech Sound Disorder (SSD) in a bilingual context Questions |
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237 | (1) |
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Quiz 2 Speech Sound Disorder (SSD) in a bilingual context Answers |
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238 | (3) |
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241 | (20) |
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Case study 1 Mehboob, aged 3;6 |
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242 | (1) |
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Case study 1 Mehboob -- answers |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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Case study 2 Maria, aged 4;7 |
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245 | (1) |
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Case study 2 Maria -- answers |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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Case study 3 Peter, aged 5;6 |
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248 | (1) |
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Case study 3 Peter -- answers |
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249 | (1) |
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Case study 4 Aleena, aged 3 years 2 months |
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250 | (1) |
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Case study 4 Aleena -- answers |
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251 | (1) |
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Case study 5 Badal, aged 7;2 |
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252 | (1) |
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Case study 5 Badal -- answers |
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253 | (1) |
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Case study 6 Zeeshan, aged 4;4 |
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254 | (2) |
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Case study 6 Zeeshan -- answers |
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256 | (1) |
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Case study 7 Daniyal, aged 4;2 |
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257 | (1) |
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Case study 7 Daniyal -- answers |
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258 | (1) |
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Case study 8 Aadil aged 5;3 |
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259 | (1) |
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Case study 8 Aadil -- answers |
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260 | (1) |
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Calculating the age of diverse children and young people for the application of normative data: when is it appropriate? |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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Converting the child's performance on this assessment to a format in which we can compare their performance to other children of their age and cultural and linguistic background |
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261 | (1) |
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Cut-off below which the child's performance is considered impaired or disordered |
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262 | (1) |
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Strengths and problems of this approach |
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262 | (1) |
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Calculating completed years, months (and days) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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Speech Sound Disorder and the bilingual child |
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265 | (5) |
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265 | (1) |
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What is Speech Sound Disorder (SSD)? |
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265 | (1) |
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Has bilingualism/multilingualism caused the Speech Sound Disorder? |
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266 | (1) |
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Will the speech sound errors be the same in both/all languages? |
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267 | (1) |
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What is the best treatment? |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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Ways you can help the speech and language therapist/pathologist |
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268 | (2) |
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270 | (1) |
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Bilingual children with speech, language, and communication needs |
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270 | (3) |
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Has using two or more language caused my child's speech, language, or communication needs? |
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270 | (1) |
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Should I stop speaking my home language(s) to help my child? |
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270 | (1) |
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Won't my child find learning two or more languages even harder because s/he has a speech, language, or communication need? |
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271 | (1) |
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Why should I speak my home language to my child? |
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271 | (1) |
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Will my child be confused by speaking two or more languages together? |
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271 | (1) |
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I have been told by a professional that using two or more languages is harmful |
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272 | (1) |
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Confidential Patient Information |
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273 | (1) |
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Speech and language therapy Assessment report: Bilingual/multilingual child or young person |
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273 | (3) |
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273 | (1) |
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Language(s) of assessment |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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Diagnosis/Diagnoses by speech and language domain |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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275 | (1) |
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Articulation: single sound (phone) production and imitation |
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275 | (1) |
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Phonology: word level production and above |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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No diagnosis is applicable |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (6) |
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|
277 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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Vocabulary -- listening vocabulary |
|
|
278 | (1) |
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Vocabulary -- naming vocabulary |
|
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278 | (1) |
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Speech sounds (articulation and phonology) |
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|
278 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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|
278 | (1) |
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Articulation: sound level |
|
|
278 | (1) |
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Phonology: word level and above |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
Phonological awareness skills |
|
|
281 | (2) |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
|
284 | (4) |
|
Professional organisations' bilingualism and multilingual pages |
|
|
284 | (1) |
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|
284 | (1) |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Bilingual assessments and interventions |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Computer tools for analysing expressive language automatically, such as Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
The IPA chart and ear-training |
|
|
287 | (1) |
Index |
|
288 | |