Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Zhoutun [Kõva köide]

  • Formaat: Hardback, 162 pages, kõrgus x laius: 216x138 mm, kaal: 331 g, 4 Tables, black and white
  • Sari: Routledge World Languages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Jun-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1032113170
  • ISBN-13: 9781032113173
Teised raamatud teemal:
ZhoutunSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 162 pages, kõrgus x laius: 216x138 mm, kaal: 331 g, 4 Tables, black and white
  • Sari: Routledge World Languages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Jun-2022
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1032113170
  • ISBN-13: 9781032113173
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781032113173.html
Märksõnad:
This book presents a description of the grammar of Zhoutun, an endangered Sinitic variety spoken by less than 1000 people in the Qinghai Province of northwest China. With vocabulary predominantly from Chinese and Tibetan syntax, Zhoutun is one of the Sinitic varieties most distant from Standard Chinese, with unexpected typological features like, for example, case markers, rigid SOV word order, simplified tonal system, negative copula as a disjunctive coordinator and "locutor-referential pronoun" which is not found in Chinese and in many languages.

Zhoutun is also a representative variety of the Gansu-Qinghai linguistic area in which Mongolic and Turkic languages coexist with Tibetan and Chinese dialects from a long time. This book also describes the sociolinguistic and sociohistorical contexts of Zhoutun.

It should be of interest to specialists and students of language contact, linguistic typology, Chinese dialectology, language geography, anthropological linguistics, sociolinguistics, folklore studies, and preservation of endangered languages.
Preface xii
1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 Genetic affiliation
1(1)
1.2 Typological profile
2(1)
1.3 Sociolinguislic, sociohistorical and areal context
3(4)
1.3.1 Sociolinguislic context
3(1)
1.3.2 Sociohistorical context
4(1)
1.3.3 Areal context
4(1)
1.3.4 Theory and data
5(2)
2 Phonology
7(7)
2.1 Consonants
7(2)
2.1.1 Stops
7(1)
2.1.2 Fricatives
8(1)
2.1.3 Affricates
8(1)
2.1.4 Nasals
8(1)
2.1.5 Lateral
8(1)
2.1.6 Approximate
8(1)
2.2 Vowels
9(1)
2.2.1 Basic vowels
9(1)
2.2.2 Nasal vowels
9(1)
2.2.3 Vowel sequences
10(1)
2.3 Word tones
10(2)
2.4 R-ization and reduplication
12(1)
2.4.1 r-ization
12(1)
2.4.2 Reduplication
13(1)
2.5 Syllable structure
13(1)
3 Nouns and noun phrases
14(18)
3.1 Definition
14(1)
3.2 Word formation
15(4)
3.2.1 Affixation
15(2)
3.2.2 Reduplication
17(1)
3.2.3 Compounding
18(1)
3.3 Number
19(3)
3.3.1 =mγ
19(2)
3.3.2 =liε
21(1)
3.4 Case relations
22(7)
3.4.1 Dative-accusative =xa/=a
22(2)
3.4.2 Comitative-instrumental =la
24(2)
3.4.3 Ablative =tha
26(1)
3.4.4 Locative =li and =xa
26(2)
3.4.5 Genitive =tr
28(1)
3.4.6 Comparative kha
28(1)
3.5 Referentiality
29(3)
3.5.1 Generic
29(1)
3.5.2 Individual
30(2)
4 Verbs and verb phrases
32(27)
4.1 Definition
32(1)
4.2 Aspect
33(6)
4.2.1 Perfective
33(1)
4.2.2 Future
34(1)
4.2.3 Ingressive
35(1)
4.2.4 Progressive
36(1)
4.2.5 Resultative
37(1)
4.2.6 Experiential
38(1)
4.2.7 The expression of tense
38(1)
4.3 Modality
39(7)
4.3.1 Dynamic modality
39(2)
4.3.2 Epistemic modality
41(1)
4.3.3 Deontic modality
42(2)
4.3.4 Evidentiality
44(1)
4.3.5 Negation
45(1)
4.4 Serial verb constructions
46(3)
4.5 Verb-complement constructions
49(4)
4.5.1 Verb-direction constructions
49(3)
4.5.2 Verb-result constructions
52(1)
4.5.3 Verb-degree constructions
52(1)
4.6 Valence changing
53(5)
4.7 Possession and existence
58(1)
5 Adjectives and adverbs
59(10)
5.1 Adjectives
59(5)
5.1.1 Identify adjectives and verbs
59(3)
5.1.2 Adjectives as modifiers
62(1)
5.1.3 Adjectives as predicates
63(1)
5.2 Adverbs
64(5)
5.2.1 Position
64(2)
5.2.2 Some common adverbs
66(2)
5.2.3 Reduplication
68(1)
6 Minor word classes
69(47)
6.1 Pronoun
69(8)
6.1.1 First person
69(1)
6.1.2 Second person
70(1)
6.1.3 Third person
70(1)
6.1.4 Reflexive
71(1)
6.1.5 Locutor-referential
71(6)
6.2 Demonstratives
77(4)
6.2.1 The system
77(1)
6.2.2 Animate and inanimate referents
77(2)
6.2.3 Location referents
79(2)
6.2.4 Manner and degree
81(1)
6.3 Interrogative words
81(5)
6.3.1 tur- words
81(1)
6.3.2 A - Words
82(1)
6.3.3 -mr words
83(1)
6.3.4 Others
84(2)
6.4 Numerals
86(1)
6.4.1 Cardinal and ordinal numerals
86(1)
6.4.2 Fractional numerals
86(1)
6.5 Classifiers
87(3)
6.5.1 Nominal classifiers
87(1)
6.5.2 Verbal classifiers
88(1)
6.5.3 The position of Num+CL and noun
88(2)
6.6 Final particles
90(15)
6.6.1 ti
90(2)
6.6.2 pa
92(1)
6.6.3 li
93(2)
6.6.4 xua
95(1)
6.6.5 kr
96(2)
6.6.6 ta
98(1)
6.6.7 ia
99(1)
6.6.8 mγ
100(1)
6.6.9 pi
101(1)
6.6.10 sa
102(2)
6.6.11 Summary
104(1)
6.7 Adpositions
105(3)
6.7.1 Prepositions
105(2)
6.7.2 Postpositions
107(1)
6.8 Coordinators
108(8)
6.8.1 Conjunctive coordinator
109(1)
6.8.2 Disjunctive coordinators
110(6)
7 Clause structure
116(27)
7.1 Word order
116(2)
7.2 Ditransitive construction
118(1)
7.3 Copula clause
119(3)
7.4 Comparative clause
122(4)
7.4.1 Comparative construction
122(4)
7.4.2 Comparative construction of equality
126(1)
7.4.3 Superlative construction
126(1)
7.5 Imperative clause
126(5)
7.5.1 The form of imperative clauses
126(4)
7.5.2 The negation of imperative clauses
130(1)
7.6 Interrogative clause
131(3)
7.6.1 Yes-no questions
131(1)
7.6.2 Wh- questions
131(1)
7.6.3 Alternative question
132(1)
7.6.4 Tag question
132(2)
7.7 Subordinate clause
134(3)
7.7.1 Relative clause
134(1)
7.7.2 Complement clause
135(1)
7.7.3 Adverbial clause
136(1)
7.8 Topic structure
137(6)
References
139(4)
Appendices
143(16)
I Text "The past life in Zhoutun"
143(14)
II List of abbreviations
157(2)
Index 159
Chenlei Zhou is an associate professor at the Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. His main research interests are linguistic typology, language contact and Chinese grammar, and he has published more than 20 articles in journals such as Lingua; Language and Linguistics; and the Journal of Chinese Linguistics.