Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Analysis in Nutrition Research: Principles of Statistical Methodology and Interpretation of the Results [Pehme köide]

4.00/5 (3 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)
Edited by (Nutrition Consultant in the Greek food industry)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 408 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 790 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Oct-2018
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128145560
  • ISBN-13: 9780128145562
Teised raamatud teemal:
Analysis in Nutrition Research: Principles of Statistical Methodology and Interpretation of the ResultsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 408 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 790 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Oct-2018
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128145560
  • ISBN-13: 9780128145562
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780128145562.html
Märksõnad:

Analysis in Nutrition Research: Principles of Statistical Methodology and Interpretation of the Results describes, in a comprehensive manner, the methodologies of quantitative analysis of data originating specifically from nutrition studies. The book summarizes various study designs in nutrition research, research hypotheses, the proper management of dietary data, and analytical methodologies, with a specific focus on how to interpret the results of any given study. In addition, it provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies used in study design and the management and analysis of collected data, paying particular attention to all of the available, modern methodologies and techniques.

Users will find an overview of the recent challenges and debates in the field of nutrition research that will define major research hypotheses for research in the next ten years. Nutrition scientists, researchers and undergraduate and postgraduate students will benefit from this thorough publication on the topic.

  • Provides a comprehensive presentation of the various study designs applied in nutrition research
  • Contains a parallel description of statistical methodologies used for each study design
  • Presents data management methodologies used specifically in nutrition research
  • Describes methodologies using both a theoretical and applied approach
  • Illustrates modern techniques in dietary pattern analysis
  • Summarizes current topics in the field of nutrition research that will define major research hypotheses for research in the next ten years
List of Contributors xv
Preface xix
Acknowledgments xxi
Part 1: Analysis In Nutrition Research
Chapter 1 Design of Observational Nutrition Studies
3(20)
George Pounis
1.1 Introduction to Observational Nutrition Studies
3(2)
1.2 Ecological Nutrition Studies
5(1)
1.2.1 Description
5(1)
1.2.2 Challenges
5(1)
1.2.3 Example of Ecological Study on Diet and Cancer
6(1)
1.3 Cross-Sectional Nutrition Studies
6(6)
1.3.1 Description
6(2)
1.3.2 Sampling
8(2)
1.3.3 Challenges
10(1)
1.3.4 Example of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
11(1)
1.4 Case-Control Nutrition Studies
12(3)
1.4.1 Description
12(1)
1.4.2 Sampling
12(2)
1.4.3 Challenges
14(1)
1.4.4 An Example in the Study of Hodgkin Lymphoma
15(1)
1.5 Cohort Nutrition Studies
15(4)
1.5.1 Description
15(1)
1.5.2 Sampling
16(1)
1.5.3 Challenges
17(1)
1.5.4 Example of the Nurses' Health Study
18(1)
References
19(4)
Chapter 2 Study Design in Experimental Settings
23(20)
Monica Dinu
George Pounis
Francesco Sofi
2.1 Introduction
24(1)
2.2 Experimental Designs
24(5)
2.2.1 Single-Arm Studies
25(1)
2.2.2 Parallel Studies
25(2)
2.2.3 Crossover Studies
27(2)
2.3 Planning a Dietary Intervention
29(8)
2.3.1 Definition of the Research Question, Hypothesis, and Main Objectives
30(1)
2.3.2 Primary and Secondary Outcomes
30(1)
2.3.3 Study Population
30(5)
2.3.4 Selection of the Study Design
35(1)
2.3.5 Measurements
35(1)
2.3.6 Study Protocol
35(2)
2.4 Conducting the Dietary Intervention
37(2)
2.4.1 Recruitment and Screening of Participants
37(1)
2.4.2 Compliance of Participants
37(1)
2.4.3 Data Management
38(1)
2.4.4 Statistical Analysis
39(1)
2.5 Conclusions
39(1)
References
39(2)
Further Reading
41(2)
Chapter 3 Collection and Management of Dietary Data
43(32)
Pauline M. Emmett
Louise R. Jones
Kate Northstone
George Pounis
Caroline M. Taylor
3.1 Introduction
44(1)
3.2 Dietary Information
45(12)
3.2.1 Methods for Collecting Dietary Information
45(9)
3.2.2 Choice of Method
54(1)
3.2.3 Types of Collected Dietary Information
54(3)
3.3 Data Management and Dietary Analysis
57(7)
3.3.1 Portion Sizes
57(1)
3.3.2 Estimations of Nutrient Content of Foods
58(2)
3.3.3 Configuration and Labeling of Datasets
60(1)
3.3.4 Handling of Food Group Data
61(3)
3.4 Data Manipulation
64(3)
3.4.1 Validation, Reproducibility, Calibration, and Biomarkers
64(1)
3.4.2 Measurement Error, Misreporting, and Outliers
65(2)
3.4.3 Energy Adjustment
67(1)
References
67(8)
Chapter 4 Dietary Pattern Analysis
75(28)
Claudia Agnoli
George Pounis
Vittorio Krogh
4.1 Introduction
76(1)
4.2 Types of Dietary Pattern Analysis
77(1)
4.3 A Priori Dietary Pattern Analysis
77(9)
4.3.1 Description
77(2)
4.3.2 Key Aspects for the Development of a Dietary Score
79(2)
4.3.3 Dietary Assessment Methodologies for a Priori Dietary Pattern Analysis
81(1)
4.3.4 Evaluation of the Quality of an a Priori Dietary Pattern
81(1)
4.3.5 Examples of a Priori Dietary Patterns
82(4)
4.4 A Posteriori Dietary Pattern Analysis
86(8)
4.4.1 Description
86(1)
4.4.2 Factor Analysis
86(3)
4.4.3 Examples of Factor Analysis
89(1)
4.4.4 Cluster Analysis
89(2)
4.4.5 Examples of Cluster Analysis
91(1)
4.4.6 Comparison of Factor and Cluster Analysis
91(1)
4.4.7 Reproducibility and Validity of a Posteriori Dietary Pattern Analysis
92(2)
4.5 Hybrid Dietary Pattern Analysis
94(1)
4.5.1 Description
94(1)
4.5.2 Examples of Hybrid Dietary Pattern Analysis
94(1)
4.6 Challenges in Dietary Pattern Analysis
95(1)
References
96(7)
Chapter 5 Statistical Analysis of Retrospective Health and Nutrition Data
103(42)
George Pounis
5.1 Introduction
104(1)
5.2 Hypothesis Testing
105(1)
5.3 Descriptive Statistics
106(5)
5.3.1 Categorical Data
107(1)
5.3.2 Continuous Data
107(4)
5.4 Assessment of Normality
111(2)
5.5 Confidence Interval
113(2)
5.6 Pearson Chi-Square Test
115(2)
5.7 Statistical Tests for Comparison of Means
117(3)
5.7.1 t Test
117(1)
5.7.2 One-Way Analysis of Variance
118(2)
5.8 Pearson Correlation Coefficient
120(1)
5.9 Nonparametric Tests
121(1)
5.10 Linear Regression Analysis
122(13)
5.10.1 Simple Linear Regression
122(8)
5.10.2 Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
130(5)
5.11 Logistic Regression Analysis
135(5)
5.11.1 Odds Ratio
135(1)
5.11.2 Simple Binary Logistic Regression Analysis
136(1)
5.11.3 Multiple Binary Logistic Regression Analysis
137(1)
5.11.4 Examples
138(2)
References
140(5)
Chapter 6 Statistical Analysis of Prospective Health and Nutrition Data
145(18)
George Pounis
6.1 Introduction
145(1)
6.2 Descriptive Statistics
146(1)
6.3 Measures to Calculate the Occurrence of a Health Outcome
146(3)
6.3.1 Incidence
146(2)
6.3.2 Relative Risk
148(1)
6.4 Survival Analysis
149(10)
6.4.1 Basic Concepts
149(1)
6.4.2 Kaplan-Meier Analysis
150(2)
6.4.3 Log-Rank Test
152(3)
6.4.4 Cox Regression Analysis
155(4)
References
159(4)
Chapter 7 Meta-Analysis of Nutrition Studies
163(34)
Emmanouil Bouras
Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
George Pounis
Anna-Bettina Haidich
7.1 Introduction
164(1)
7.2 Methodology of Meta-Analysis in Nutrition Research
165(5)
7.2.1 Defining the Search Strategy
166(3)
7.2.2 Study Selection Procedure
169(1)
7.2.3 Quality Assessment
169(1)
7.2.4 Data Extraction
170(1)
7.3 Statistical Methodologies Applied in Meta-Analysis of Nutrition Studies
170(8)
7.3.1 Statistical Measures of Effect Included in Meta-Analysis
171(2)
7.3.2 Choice of Meta-Analytical Method
173(2)
7.3.3 Statistical Heterogeneity
175(2)
7.3.4 Small-Study Effects
177(1)
7.3.5 Software for Meta-Analysis
178(1)
7.4 Presentation and Interpretation of Results
178(9)
7.4.1 Study Selection
179(1)
7.4.2 Study Characteristics
179(1)
7.4.3 Forest Plot
179(3)
7.4.4 Assessing Heterogeneity
182(2)
7.4.5 Risk for Bias
184(1)
7.4.6 Funnel Plot
184(3)
7.5 Limitations and Biases
187(4)
7.5.1 Challenges
189(2)
References
191(6)
Chapter 8 Principles of Research Publication
197(36)
Gregory S. Patience
George Pounis
Paul A. Patience
Dania C. Boffito
8.1 Introduction
198(1)
8.2 Citation Impact and Metrics
198(2)
8.3 Article Elements
200(7)
8.3.1 Title
200(3)
8.3.2 Abstract
203(1)
8.3.3 Introduction
204(1)
8.3.4 Methods and Results
205(2)
8.3.5 Discussion and Conclusions
207(1)
8.4 Web Tools for Writing
207(4)
8.4.1 Word Choices
208(1)
8.4.2 Thesauri
208(2)
8.4.3 Grammar
210(1)
8.4.4 Translation
211(1)
8.5 Reporting Data and Analysis
211(7)
8.5.1 Dietary Evaluation and Analysis
212(1)
8.5.2 Statistical Analysis
212(1)
8.5.3 Graphs
213(4)
8.5.4 Tables
217(1)
8.6 Publishing Process
218(2)
8.6.1 Selecting the Journal
218(1)
8.6.2 A Winning Cover Letter
218(2)
8.7 Authorship Criteria and Acknowledgments
220(3)
8.8 Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statements
223(1)
8.9 Conclusions
224(1)
References
225(8)
Part 2: Challenges In Nutrition Science
Chapter 9 Mediterranean Diet: A Health-Protective Dietary Pattern for Modern Times
233(26)
Dimitra Mastorakou
Mikael Rabaeus
Patricia Salen
George Pounis
Michel de Lorgeril
9.1 Introduction
234(1)
9.2 Scientific Definition of Mediterranean Diet
234(1)
9.2.1 Historical Overview
234(1)
9.2.2 The Traditional Mediterranean Diet
235(1)
9.3 Evidence on Health Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet
235(4)
9.3.1 Cardiovascular Diseases
235(1)
9.3.2 Cancer
236(1)
9.3.3 Cognitive Function
237(1)
9.3.4 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
237(1)
9.3.5 Rheumatoid Arthritis
238(1)
9.3.6 Pulmonary Function
238(1)
9.4 Food Components of Mediterranean Diet
239(5)
9.4.1 Fish and Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fats
239(1)
9.4.2 Plant Omega-3 Fats
240(1)
9.4.3 Olive Oil
241(1)
9.4.4 Fruits and Vegetables
241(1)
9.4.5 Nuts and Seeds
242(1)
9.4.6 Dietary Fiber
243(1)
9.4.7 Wine
244(1)
9.5 Mediterranean Diet Adherence in Modern Times
244(2)
9.5.1 Level of Adherence in Modern Populations
244(2)
9.5.2 Challenges of Adhering to the Mediterranean Diet
246(1)
9.6 Shifting to the Mediterranean Diet in the Modern Context
246(4)
9.6.1 Updated Mediterranean Diet Recommendations
246(2)
9.6.2 Focus on Sustainability
248(2)
9.7 Conclusions
250(1)
References
250(9)
Chapter 10 Polyphenol-Rich Diets in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
259(40)
Junichi Sakaki
Melissa Melough
Sang Gil Lee
George Pounis
Ock K. Chun
10.1 Introduction
260(1)
10.2 Polyphenols: Classes, Structures, and Chemical Properties
261(1)
10.3 Polyphenols in Human Diet
261(6)
10.3.1 Major Dietary Sources
261(3)
10.3.2 Analytical Techniques to Determine Phenolic Contents
264(1)
10.3.3 Estimation of Polyphenol Intakes in Human Populations
265(2)
10.4 Dietary Polyphenols and Cardiovascular Disease
267(20)
10.4.1 Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality: Evidence From Epidemiological Studies
267(5)
10.4.2 Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers: Evidence From Epidemiological Studies
272(2)
10.4.3 Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers: Evidence From Interventional Studies
274(6)
10.4.4 Biological Functions of Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
280(7)
10.5 Challenges in Polyphenol Research
287(1)
10.6 Conclusion
288(1)
References
289(9)
Chemspider Websites
298(1)
Chapter 11 Hydration and Health
299(22)
Adam D. Seal
Hyun-Gyu Suh
Lisa T. Jansen
LynnDee G. Summers
Stavros A. Kavouras
11.1 Introduction
300(1)
11.1.1 Terminology and Measurement of Hydration Status
300(1)
11.2 Hydration and Kidney Health
301(3)
11.2.1 Introduction
301(1)
11.2.2 Hydration and Kidney Function
302(1)
11.2.3 Arginine Vasopressin and Chronic Kidney Disease
302(1)
11.2.4 Mesoamerican Nephropathy
303(1)
11.2.5 Other Kidney Diseases
303(1)
11.2.6 Water Intake Intervention in Chronic Kidney Disease
304(1)
11.3 Hydration and Glucose Regulation
304(2)
11.3.1 Introduction
304(1)
11.3.2 Implications of Arginine Vasopressin in Glucose Regulation
304(2)
11.3.3 Other Considerations in Hydration and Glucose Regulation
306(1)
11.4 Implications of Fluid Balance and Obesity
306(3)
11.4.1 Introduction
306(1)
11.4.2 Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
307(1)
11.4.3 Hydration Status and Obesity
307(2)
11.5 Hydration and Cardiovascular Health
309(1)
11.5.1 Introduction
309(1)
11.5.2 Cardiovascular Effects
310(1)
11.6 Hydration and Oxidative Stress
310(1)
11.6.1 Introduction
310(1)
11.6.2 Implications of Poor Fluid Balance
311(1)
11.7 Hydration and Risk of Bladder Cancer
311(1)
11.7.1 Introduction
311(1)
11.7.2 Possible Causes
312(1)
11.8 Conclusion
312(1)
References
313(8)
Chapter 12 Diet, Healthy Aging, and Cognitive Function
321(16)
Krasimira Aleksandrova
George Pounis
Romina di Giuseppe
12.1 Introduction
321(1)
12.2 Definition and Epidemiology of Cognitive Decline
322(1)
12.3 Bioactive Components of a Healthy Diet and Cognitive Decline
323(3)
12.3.1 Antioxidant Vitamins
323(1)
12.3.2 Polyphenols
323(1)
12.3.3 Vitamins of the B Complex
324(1)
12.3.4 Unsaturated Fatty Acids
325(1)
12.3.5 Minerals
326(1)
12.4 Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Decline
326(2)
12.4.1 The Mediterranean Diet
327(1)
12.4.2 The DASH Diet Plan
327(1)
12.4.3 The MIND Diet
327(1)
12.5 Modern Approaches in the Study of Diet and Cognitive Health
328(1)
12.6 Challenges
329(1)
12.7 Conclusion
330(1)
References
330(7)
Chapter 13 Diet and Bone Health
337(18)
Kate Maslin
Elaine Dennison
13.1 Introduction
338(1)
13.2 Brief Overview of Bone Physiology
338(1)
13.2.1 Overview of Bone Structure and Function
338(1)
13.2.2 Bone Modeling and Remodeling
338(1)
13.2.3 Assessment of Bone Outcomes in Research
339(1)
13.3 Calcium and Vitamin D
339(5)
13.3.1 Calcium and Bone, an Overview
339(1)
13.3.2 Vitamin D and Bone, an Overview
340(1)
13.3.3 Phosphorus
341(1)
13.3.4 Magnesium
342(1)
13.3.5 Potassium
343(1)
13.3.6 Vitamin K
343(1)
13.3.7 Other Nutrients
343(1)
13.4 Life Course Perspective on Nutrition and Bone
344(7)
13.4.1 Osteoporosis: Burden and Epidemiology
344(1)
13.4.2 Etiology of Osteoporosis and Role of Diet
344(1)
13.4.3 Maternal Nutrition and Bone Outcomes
345(1)
13.4.4 Childhood and Adolescence
346(2)
13.4.5 Bone Health in the Older Adult: Menopause and Beyond
348(3)
13.5 Challenges in Nutrition and Bone Research
351(1)
References
352(3)
Chapter 14 Diet and Lung Health
355(28)
Foteini Malli
Themis Koutsioukis
George Pounis
Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
14.1 Introduction
356(1)
14.2 Diet and Pulmonary Function
357(1)
14.3 Diet and Asthma
357(3)
14.3.1 Dietary Patterns
358(1)
14.3.2 Vitamins
358(1)
14.3.3 Minerals
359(1)
14.3.4 Fatty Acids
359(1)
14.3.5 Probiotics
359(1)
14.3.6 Phytochemicals
360(1)
14.4 Diet and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
360(2)
14.4.1 Dietary Patterns
360(1)
14.4.2 Vitamins
360(1)
14.4.3 Minerals
361(1)
14.4.4 Fatty Acids
361(1)
14.4.5 Probiotics and Dietary Fibers
361(1)
14.4.6 Phytochemicals
362(1)
14.5 Diet and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
362(3)
14.5.1 Vitamins
363(1)
14.5.2 Minerals
364(1)
14.5.3 Fatty Acids
364(1)
14.5.4 Probiotics-Prebiotics
364(1)
14.5.5 Phytochemicals
365(1)
14.6 Diet and Tuberculosis
365(2)
14.6.1 Dietary Patterns
365(1)
14.6.2 Vitamins
365(1)
14.6.3 Minerals
366(1)
14.6.4 Fatty Acids
366(1)
14.6.5 Probiotics
366(1)
14.6.6 Phytochemicals
366(1)
14.7 Diet and Lung Cancer
367(2)
14.7.1 Dietary Patterns
367(1)
14.7.2 Vitamins
367(1)
14.7.3 Minerals
368(1)
14.7.4 Fatty Acids
368(1)
14.7.5 Phytochemicals
368(1)
14.8 Diet and Cystic Fibrosis
369(1)
14.8.1 Vitamins
369(1)
14.8.2 Minerals
369(1)
14.8.3 Fatty Acids
370(1)
14.8.4 Probiotics
370(1)
14.8.5 Phytochemicals
370(1)
14.9 Diet and Interstitial Lung Diseases
370(1)
14.10 Maternal Diet in Early Life and Lung Health
371(1)
14.10.1 Dietary Patterns
371(1)
14.10.2 Vitamins
371(1)
14.10.3 Fatty Acids
372(1)
14.10.4 Probiotics
372(1)
14.11 Challenges in Diet and Lung Health Research
372(1)
References
373(8)
Further Reading
381(2)
Index 383
Dr. George Pounis earned his PhD from Maastricht University, The Netherlands. For ten years and through private practice, he has been designing dietary plans for individuals and groups. He has served as a researcher in academia for the development and conduction of epidemiological and clinical studies in Greece and Italy (Agricultural University of Athens, Harokopio University of Athens, Hellenic Health Foundation, Fondazione di ricerca e cura Giovanni Paolo II, Catholic University, Italy, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Italy). His research on the Mediterranean diet and its food and nutrient components has been presented in several international congresses, and he is an author of 35 scientific papers published in peer reviewed international journals. He has also been acting as a Reviewer for several scientific journals, including the International Journal of Cancer, British Journal of Nutrition, and the International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition.