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Barasi's Human Nutrition: A Health Perspective, Third Edition 3rd edition [Pehme köide]

(The University of Glasgow, UK), (The University of Glasgow, UK)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 482 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 940 g, 64 Tables, black and white; 99 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1444137204
  • ISBN-13: 9781444137200
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 482 pages, kõrgus x laius: 254x178 mm, kaal: 940 g, 64 Tables, black and white; 99 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Sep-2016
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1444137204
  • ISBN-13: 9781444137200
Teised raamatud teemal:
Barasi's Human Nutrition: A Health Perspective, Third Edition, provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and practice of nutrition. Thoroughly revised, restructured, and updated, this new edition presents up-to-date scientific information in an accessible and reader-friendly format, emphasising how important nutrition is for evidence across the full translational health spectrum, from epidemiology and basic sciences through clinical and public heath applications, and ultimately into sustainable public policy.

This third edition places more emphasis on applied nutrition than previous editions. Specifically, sections relating to clinical nutrition, public health nutrition, and improving foods for better health are now separate chapters with new chapters on sport nutrition, obesity, and weight management, and each section has a dedicated table of contents to better highlight the subject covered. The book also focuses on nutritional issues related to globally important, potentially preventable, major diseases, such as coronary heart disease, cancer, and diabetes, and discusses methods for studying nutrition and relevant essential dietary principles for intervention.

This textbook is written from the perspective of experienced teachers at the undergraduate and graduate levels and is an invaluable resource for students in health and nutrition and for those pursuing further qualifications in food science. While containing substantial detail on some interesting topics, this book is written in an easy-read style, which makes potentially complicated subjects accessible to general readers as well as to the more specialised user. It provides both an entry-level introduction to human nutrition for introductory or intermediate undergraduate students and also sufficient comprehensive detail to serve as a reference book for Masters or PhD students.
Preface xxi
Acknowledgements xxiii
Authors xxv
SECTION I Foods, Nutrient Requirements and Nutrition
Chapter 1 Introduction: What Is Nutrition?
3(8)
Aims
3(1)
Definitions of Nutrition
3(1)
Evidence-Based Nutrition
4(1)
Why Is Nutrition Important?
4(2)
What Do We Eat?
6(1)
How Is Information about People's Diets Collected?
7(1)
Population and Household Information
7(1)
Studying Nutrition
8(1)
Summary
8(1)
Activity
9(2)
Chapter 2 Nutrient Requirements and the Nutritionally Balanced Diet
11(20)
Aims
11(1)
Diet Quality and the Nutritionally Balanced Diet
11(1)
Consumers and Health Claims
11(1)
Nutritionally Balanced Diet: Which Foods to Choose?
12(1)
What Is the Difference between Meals and Snacks?
12(1)
Nutritionally Balanced Diet: How Much to Eat?
13(1)
What Are the Features of a Nutritionally Balanced Diet?
14(1)
Eating More or Less of Particular Foods
14(1)
Eating More or Less of Particular Nutrients
14(1)
Eating Specific Foods That Are Believed to Have `Health-Promoting' Properties
15(1)
What Nutrients Are Needed and in What Amounts?
15(1)
Nutritional Requirement
16(1)
Distribution of Nutritional Requirements in a Population
17(1)
From Requirements to Recommendations: Dietary Reference Values
18(1)
Fats and Carbohydrates
19(1)
Less-Studied Micronutrients
20(1)
Practical Applications
20(1)
For Individuals
20(1)
For Groups of Individuals
21(1)
For Dietary Planning
21(1)
Food Labelling
21(1)
Dietary Planning
22(1)
Meal Planning Tools
22(4)
Nutrition Information
26(1)
The Question of Alcohol
26(1)
Summary
27(1)
Study Questions
28(1)
Activities
28(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
29(2)
Chapter 3 Macronutrients in Foods and Diets: Proteins, Carbohydrates and Fats
31(30)
Aims
31(1)
Proteins
31(1)
Amino Acids: The Building Blocks
32(2)
Proteins in Food
34(1)
Protein Quality
35(1)
Measuring Protein Quality
35(1)
Protein Requirements
36(2)
Carbohydrates
38(1)
What Are Carbohydrates?
38(1)
Monosaccharides
39(1)
Disaccharides
40(1)
Oligosaccharides
41(1)
Polysaccharides
41(4)
How Much Carbohydrate Should We Have?
45(2)
Fats
47(1)
What Are Fats?
47(1)
Triglycerides
48(1)
Types of Fatty Acids
49(2)
Essential Fatty Acids
51(1)
Conjugated Linoleic Acid
52(1)
Other Lipids
53(1)
Fats in the Diet
54(1)
Sources of Fat in the Diet
54(1)
Sources of Essential Fatty Acids
55(1)
Trends in Intakes of Fats
55(1)
How Much Fat Should We Have in the Diet?
56(1)
Summary
57(1)
Proteins
57(1)
Carbohydrates
57(1)
Fats
57(1)
Study Questions
58(1)
Activity
58(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
58(3)
Chapter 4 Vitamins and Phytochemicals
61(22)
Aims
61(1)
Vitamins
61(1)
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
62(1)
Vitamin A
62(2)
Vitamin D
64(1)
Vitamin E
65(1)
Vitamin K
66(1)
Water-Soluble Vitamins
67(1)
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
68(1)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
68(1)
Nicotinic Acid (Niacin, Vitamin B3)
69(1)
Vitamin B6
70(1)
Folate
71(1)
Vitamin B12
72(1)
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
73(1)
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
73(1)
Vitamin C
74(1)
Phytochemicals
75(1)
Phenolic Compounds, Including Flavonoids
76(1)
Dietary Phytoestrogens
76(1)
Phytosterols
77(1)
Glucosinolates
78(1)
Carotenoids
78(1)
Use of Vitamin and Other Nutritional Supplements
79(1)
Summary
79(1)
Study Questions
80(1)
Activity
80(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
80(3)
Chapter 5 Minerals, Electrolytes and Fluid
83(18)
Aims
83(1)
Minerals
83(2)
Major Minerals
85(1)
Calcium
85(1)
Phosphorus
86(1)
Magnesium
86(1)
Sulphur
86(1)
Microminerals or Trace Elements
87(1)
Iron
87(1)
Zinc
88(1)
Copper
88(1)
Selenium
89(1)
Iodine
89(1)
Chromium
90(1)
Fluoride
90(1)
Electrolytes
91(1)
Sodium and Chloride
91(1)
Sodium and Chloride in Foods
92(1)
Dietary Reference Value
92(1)
Potassium
93(1)
Dietary Reference Value
93(1)
Potassium in the Diet
93(1)
Fluids: Keeping the Body Hydrated
93(1)
What to Drink?
93(1)
Water
94(1)
Soft Drinks
94(1)
Fruit Juices
94(1)
Milk
94(1)
Tea and Coffee
94(1)
How Much to Drink?
94(1)
Water in Foods
94(1)
Dehydration
95(1)
Summary
96(1)
Study Questions
96(1)
Activities
96(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
97(4)
SECTION II Nutrition through the Life Cycle
Chapter 6 Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation
101(22)
Aims
101(1)
Nutrition before Pregnancy
102(1)
Nutrition at the Time of Conception
103(1)
Nutrition during Pregnancy
104(1)
What Are the Dietary Goals in Pregnancy?
105(1)
Diet in Pregnancy
106(1)
Appetite
106(1)
Energy
106(1)
Nutrients
106(1)
Food Safety
107(1)
Should Supplements Be Given?
108(1)
Who Is Most at Risk in Pregnancy?
109(1)
Teenage Mothers
109(1)
Low Income
109(1)
Underweight and Overweight Women
110(1)
Other Situations
110(1)
Long-Term Consequences of Intrauterine Events
110(1)
Higher Blood Pressure
111(1)
Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus
112(1)
Cholesterol Metabolism and Blood Clotting
112(1)
Other Conditions
113(2)
Nursing or Lactating Mother
115(1)
Process of Lactation
115(1)
Milk Production or Lactogenesis
115(1)
Milk Ejection or Let Down
115(1)
Diet in Lactation
115(1)
Energy
116(2)
Protein
118(1)
General Considerations
118(1)
Decision to Breastfeed
118(1)
Summary
119(1)
Study Questions
119(1)
Activities
119(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
120(3)
Chapter 7 Nutrition during Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence
123(30)
Aims
123(1)
Infants
123(1)
Growth
123(2)
Nutrition and Development
125(1)
Development of the Digestive Tract
125(1)
Energy
126(1)
Protein
127(1)
Fats
127(1)
Carbohydrates
127(1)
Fluid
127(1)
Minerals
128(1)
Vitamins
128(1)
Meeting Nutritional Needs
128(1)
Breastfeeding or Bottle-Feeding?
129(1)
Formula Milk and Breast Milk Compared
130(1)
Proteins in Milk
130(1)
Carbohydrates in Milk
131(1)
Fats in Milk
131(1)
Vitamins
131(1)
Minerals
131(1)
Immunological Factors
131(1)
Other Factors
132(1)
Other Milks Available
132(1)
Future Health
132(1)
Weaning
133(1)
Why Should a Baby Be Weaned?
133(3)
Child from 1 to 5 Years of Age
136(1)
School-Age Children
137(1)
Influences on Nutritional Intakes
137(1)
Autonomy
138(1)
Growth
138(1)
Activity
138(1)
Societal Pressures
139(1)
Nutritional Needs
139(2)
What Do Children and Adolescents Eat?
141(1)
Health-Related Aspects
141(1)
Dietary Patterns
141(1)
Nutritional Intakes
142(2)
School Meals
144(1)
Minimum Nutritional Standards
144(2)
Alternatives to School Lunch
146(1)
Some Potential Nutritional Problems
147(1)
Vegetarianism
147(1)
Teenage Athletes
148(1)
Pregnant Teenagers
148(1)
Dieting
148(1)
Smoking and Alcohol Use
149(1)
Summary
150(1)
Study Questions
150(1)
Activity
150(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
150(3)
Chapter 8 Nutrition during Adulthood and Ageing
153(28)
Aims
153(1)
Adult Men
154(1)
Do Men Have Problems Achieving These Guidelines and Are They Appropriate?
154(1)
Adult Women
154(1)
Vegetarians
155(2)
Minority Ethnic Groups
157(1)
Low Income and Nutrition
158(1)
Characteristics of the Diet
159(2)
Nutritional Implications
161(1)
Practical Help
162(1)
Older Adults
163(1)
Why Are Some Elderly Persons at Risk?
164(1)
Sensory System
164(1)
Gastrointestinal System
164(1)
Kidney Function
165(1)
Lean Tissue
165(1)
Mobility
165(3)
Immune System
168(1)
Brain and Nervous System
168(1)
Other Factors
169(1)
Factors Affecting Nutritional Status
169(1)
Inadequate Intake
169(1)
Less Efficient Digestion and Absorption
170(1)
Altered Needs
170(1)
What Is the Nutritional State of Older Adults?
171(2)
What Are the Nutritional Requirements for the Elderly?
173(2)
Summary
175(1)
Study Questions
175(1)
Activities
176(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
176(5)
SECTION III Digestion, Absorption and Nutrient Metabolism
Chapter 9 Gut Structures, Functions and Control of Digestion
181(12)
Aims
181(1)
Basic Anatomy and Physiology
181(1)
Functions of the GI Tract
182(1)
Digestion
183(1)
Secretion
183(2)
Motility
185(1)
Absorption
186(1)
Control of Eating and Digestive Functions
186(2)
Sensory Signals
188(1)
Pre-Absorptive Information
188(1)
Post-Absorptive Signals
188(1)
Metabolism
189(1)
Integration by the Brain
190(1)
Summary
190(1)
Study Questions
190(1)
Activity
191(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
191(2)
Chapter 10 Digestion and Absorption of Nutrients
193(22)
Aims
193(1)
Digestion and Absorption of Macronutrients
193(1)
Proteins
193(1)
Digestion of Proteins
193(1)
Absorption of the Products of Protein Digestion
193(2)
Fats
195(1)
Digestion of Fats
195(1)
Absorption of the Products of Fat Digestion
195(2)
Carbohydrates
197(1)
Digestion of Carbohydrates
197(2)
Absorption of Carbohydrates
199(2)
Digestion and Absorption of Vitamins
201(1)
Vitamin A
201(1)
Vitamin D
202(1)
Vitamin E
202(1)
Vitamin K
202(1)
Thiamin
203(1)
Riboflavin
203(1)
Niacin
203(1)
Vitamin B6
203(1)
Folate
203(1)
Vitamin B12
203(1)
Vitamin C
204(1)
Digestion and Absorption of Minerals, Trace Elements and Electrolytes
204(1)
Calcium
204(1)
Enhancing factors
204(1)
Inhibitory factors
205(1)
Phosphorus
206(1)
Magnesium
206(1)
Iron
206(1)
Control of absorption
207(1)
Zinc
208(1)
Copper
208(1)
Selenium
208(1)
Iodine
209(1)
Fluoride
209(1)
Sodium and Chloride
209(1)
Potassium
209(1)
Fluid Balances
210(2)
Digestion and Absorption of Phytochemicals
212(1)
Summary
213(1)
Study Questions
214(1)
Activity
214(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
214(1)
Chapter 11 Metabolism and Function of Macronutrients
215(20)
Aims
215(1)
Proteins
215(1)
Amino Acid Metabolism
215(1)
Amino Acid Pool
216(2)
Control of Protein Metabolism
218(1)
Contribution of Protein to Body Composition
218(1)
Formation of Enzymes
219(1)
Homeostasis
219(1)
Hormones
219(1)
Acid-Base Balance
219(1)
Fluid Balance
219(1)
Immunity
219(1)
Transport
219(1)
Blood Clotting
220(1)
Other Functions
220(1)
Fats
220(1)
Metabolic Roles
220(1)
Meeting the Energy Needs: Fat Metabolism
220(1)
Fat Requires Specialized Proteins for Transport around the Body
221(2)
Storage: The Adipose Tissue
223(1)
Adipose Tissue and Metabolic Regulation
224(1)
Fat Utilization
224(1)
Functions of Fat in the Body
225(1)
Structure of Membranes
226(1)
Link with Glucose Metabolism: Insulin Resistance
226(1)
Steroid Metabolism
226(1)
Essential Fatty Acids
226(2)
Carbohydrates
228(1)
Carbohydrates Metabolism
229(1)
Carbohydrate Storage
229(1)
Glycogenesis
229(1)
Lipogenesis
229(1)
Mobilization of Carbohydrates
229(1)
Glycogenolysis/Glycolysis
229(1)
Gluconeogenesis
230(1)
Metabolic Consequences of Sugar Intake
231(1)
Other Physiological Roles of Carbohydrates
231(1)
Gut Health
231(2)
Summary
233(1)
Study Questions
233(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
233(2)
Chapter 12 Metabolism and Function of Micronutrients
235(20)
Aims
235(1)
Vitamins
235(1)
Vitamin A
235(1)
Vision
236(1)
Cellular Differentiation
237(1)
Growth
238(1)
Antioxidant Role
238(1)
Other Functions
238(1)
Vitamin D
238(1)
Vitamin E
239(1)
Vitamin C
240(1)
Vitamin K
240(1)
Thiamin (Vitamin B1)
241(1)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
241(1)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
241(1)
Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)
242(1)
Folate (Vitamin B9)
242(1)
Cobalamin (Vitamin B12)
243(1)
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
243(1)
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
244(1)
Minerals
244(1)
Calcium
244(1)
In Bones
244(1)
In Blood and Body Fluids
244(2)
Why Does Plasma Calcium Need to Be Closely Regulated?
246(1)
Phosphorus
246(1)
Magnesium
246(1)
Iron
247(1)
Losses of Iron
247(1)
Stored Iron
247(1)
Zinc
248(1)
Copper
248(1)
Selenium
249(1)
Iodine
249(1)
Chromium
250(1)
Sodium, Chloride and Potassium
250(1)
Summary
251(1)
Study Questions
251(1)
Activities
252(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
252(3)
SECTION IV Eating Behaviour and Nutritional Epidemiology
Chapter 13 Habits and Influences on Eating Behaviours
255(14)
Aims
255(1)
Reasons for Eating
255(1)
Habit as an Influence on Eating Behaviour
255(1)
Psychological Drivers for Eating
256(1)
Sensory Appeal
256(1)
Social Influence
257(1)
Food Habits
258(1)
Acquisition of Food Habits
259(1)
Changing Food Habits
259(1)
Food Choices
260(1)
Availability
261(1)
Physical/Environmental Factors
261(1)
Legislative Factors
262(1)
Affordability, Cost and Taxation
262(1)
Accessibility
262(1)
Acceptability
263(1)
Cultural Factors
263(1)
Physiological Factors
264(1)
Social/Psychological Influences
265(2)
Summary
267(1)
Study Questions
267(1)
Activities
267(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
268(1)
Chapter 14 Diet and Coronary Heart Disease
269(24)
Aims
269(1)
Changes in Rates of Cardiovascular Disease
270(1)
What Is Coronary Heart Disease?
270(1)
Injury to the Coronary Arteries
271(1)
Fibrous Plaque Formation
271(1)
Thrombosis and Heart Attack
271(2)
Studying Coronary Heart Disease
273(1)
Origins of the Lipid Hypothesis
273(1)
Cross-Community Comparisons
273(1)
Prospective Studies
274(1)
Intervention Studies
274(2)
Risk Factors
276(1)
Genetic Predisposition
277(1)
Age
277(1)
Social Conditions and Social Inequality
277(1)
Birthweight
278(1)
Geographical Location and Sunlight
278(1)
Disease
279(1)
Smoking
279(1)
High Blood Pressure
280(1)
Raised Blood Lipids
280(1)
Weight
280(1)
Physical Activity
281(1)
Psychosocial Factors
281(1)
Dietary Factors
281(1)
Fats
282(3)
Total Energy
285(1)
Salt
285(1)
Calcium
286(1)
Alcohol
286(1)
Fibre (Non-Starch Polysaccharides)
286(1)
Antioxidants
287(2)
Homocysteine and Folate
289(1)
Future Directions
290(1)
Summary
290(1)
Study Questions
290(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
290(3)
Chapter 15 Diet and Cancer
293(20)
Aims
293(1)
What Is Cancer?
294(1)
Studying the Relationship between Diet and Cancer
294(1)
Ecological or Correlational Studies
295(1)
Case--Control Studies
295(1)
Prospective Cohort Studies
296(1)
Meta-Analysis
296(1)
Environmental Causes of Cancer
296(1)
Role of Diet
297(1)
Possible Promoting Factors
298(1)
Total Energy Intake
298(1)
Fat Intakes
298(1)
Alcohol
299(1)
Salt
300(1)
Meat and Fish
300(1)
Other Promoters of Cancer
301(1)
Possible Protective Factors
301(1)
Nonstarch Polysaccharides (Dietary Fibre)
302(1)
Fruit and Vegetables
303(1)
Antioxidant Nutrients
303(1)
Other Chemically Active Constituents
304(1)
Calcium
304(1)
Prevention of Cancer
305(3)
Summary
308(1)
Study Questions
308(1)
Activities
308(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
309(4)
SECTION V Dietary and Nutritional Assessment
Chapter 16 Energy: Intake and Expenditure
313(18)
Aims
313(1)
Units of Measurement of Energy
313(1)
Energy Intake
314(1)
Energy Content of Foods
314(1)
Bomb Calorimeter
314(1)
Proximate Principles
315(2)
Dietary Assessment
317(1)
Contribution from Food Groups
317(1)
Energy Output
318(1)
Basal Metabolic Rate
318(2)
Influence of Body Weight
320(1)
Influence of Gender
320(1)
Influence of Age
320(1)
Influence of Disease Status
320(1)
Thermogenesis
321(1)
Physical Activity
321(1)
Measurement of Energy Output
322(2)
Direct Calorimetry
324(1)
Indirect Methods
324(1)
Calculation of Energy Expenditure
325(1)
Calculation of 24-Hour Energy Expenditure: An Example
326(1)
Summary
327(1)
Study Questions
327(1)
Activities
327(2)
Bibliography and Further Reading
329(2)
Chapter 17 Energy Balance
331(12)
Aims
331(1)
Energy Balance
331(1)
Influences on Energy Intake
332(1)
Influences on Energy Output
332(1)
Adaptations to Basal Metabolic Rate
332(1)
Adaptations to Thermogenesis
333(1)
Adaptations to Physical Activity
334(1)
How Well Is Energy Balance Controlled?
335(1)
Control Mechanisms
335(2)
Energy Balance and Imbalance
337(1)
Negative Energy Balance
337(1)
The Fasted State
338(1)
Starvation
338(1)
Positive Energy Balance
339(1)
Energy Balance and Body Composition
340(1)
Summary
341(1)
Study Questions
341(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
341(2)
Chapter 18 Dietary and Nutritional Assessment
343(20)
Aims
343(1)
Nutritional Status
343(1)
What We Eat: Diet Composition
343(1)
What We Are: Body Composition
343(1)
What We (Can) Do: Function
344(1)
What We Pass On
344(1)
What We Eat: Dietary Assessment
344(1)
The Weighed Inventory (or Weighed Dietary Record)
344(1)
Food Diaries (or Estimated Dietary Records)
345(1)
Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQs)
345(1)
The Diet Interview
346(1)
Practical Issues in Dietary Assessment Methods
346(1)
Misreporting
346(1)
Measurement Errors, Bias and Precision
347(1)
Validity
347(1)
What We Are: Body Composition
348(1)
Measuring Body Composition
348(1)
Body Mass Index
348(2)
Skinfold and Skeletal Measurements
350(1)
Anthropometry
351(2)
Underwater Weighing
353(1)
Other Indirect Methods
353(1)
Bioelectrical Impedance
353(1)
Ultrasound
353(1)
Other Techniques
354(1)
What Are the Average Values for Body Composition?
354(1)
What We Can Do: Functional Capacity
354(1)
Biochemical Indicators
355(1)
Clinical Indicators
355(1)
What Can We Learn from Nutritional Assessment?
356(1)
How Is Nutritional Status Information Used?
357(1)
Summary
357(1)
Study Questions
358(1)
Activity
358(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
358(5)
SECTION VI Applied Nutrition
Chapter 19 Introduction to Public Health Nutrition and Health Promotion
363(20)
Aims
363(3)
What Is the Basis of Health-Promoting Policies and What Is Proposed?
366(1)
Dietary Links
366(1)
Lifestyle and Social Factors
366(3)
Undernutrition, Malnutrition and the Double Burden of Disease in Developing Countries
369(1)
From Goals to Guidelines
369(2)
What Is Health Promotion?
371(1)
Planning
372(1)
Intervention
373(1)
Evaluation
374(1)
Health-Promotion Initiatives and the Individual
375(1)
Information and Education
375(1)
Schools
376(1)
The NHS and Health Professionals
376(1)
Media/Advertising
376(1)
The Food Chain
377(1)
Constraints
377(1)
A Targeted Policy
377(2)
Economics of Health Promotion
379(1)
Summary
380(1)
Study Questions
380(1)
Activities
381(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
381(2)
Chapter 20 Introduction to Obesity and Weight Management
383(16)
Aims
383(1)
Obesity: What Are the Reasons?
383(2)
Dietary Intake: Energy Consumption and Obesity
385(3)
Physical Activity
388(1)
Genetic Predisposition
388(1)
Age and Gender
389(1)
Socio-Economic status
389(1)
Psychological Factors
390(1)
Health Risks and Costs of Overweight and Obesity
390(2)
Treatment of Obesity/Overweight
392(1)
Energy-Controlled Diets
393(1)
Pharmacological Agents
394(1)
Surgical Intervention (`Bariatric Surgery')
395(1)
Psychological and Behavioural Therapy
395(1)
Physical Activity
395(1)
Unsafe Methods of Weight Loss
396(1)
Summary
396(1)
Study Questions
397(1)
Activity
397(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
397(2)
Chapter 21 Introduction to Clinical Nutrition
399(22)
Aims
399(1)
Negative Energy Balance
400(1)
Weight Loss Due to Illness
401(1)
Correcting Weight Loss
401(1)
Starvation and Refeeding
402(1)
Malnutrition Screening and Diagnosis
403(1)
Screening Tools
403(2)
Nutritional Support: Enteral and Parenteral Feeding
405(1)
Clinical Micronutrient Deficiencies
406(1)
Adverse Reactions to Food
406(1)
Food Poisoning
407(1)
Food Aversion
407(1)
Food Intolerance
408(2)
Why Do Some Individuals Develop Food Allergy? Atopy
410(1)
Diagnosis
411(1)
Effect of Infection on Nutritional Status
412(1)
Effect of Nutritional Status on Immunity
413(1)
Nutrition Management and Cancer
414(1)
Nutrition Management and Metabolic Disorders
414(1)
Drug-Nutrient Interactions
414(1)
Effects of Diet on Drugs
415(1)
Dietary Factors Affecting Drug Metabolism
415(1)
Dietary Factors Affecting Drug Excretion
415(1)
Drug Effects on Food Intake
415(1)
Gastro-Intestinal Function
415(1)
Metabolic Effects of Drugs on Nutrients
416(1)
Influence of Disability on Nutrition
416(1)
Appetite
417(1)
Ability to Obtain and Prepare Food
417(1)
Ability to Ingest, Chew and Swallow Food
417(1)
Impact on Digestion and Absorption
417(1)
Impact on Metabolism
418(1)
Nutritional Consequences
418(1)
Eating Disorders
418(1)
Summary
419(1)
Study Questions
419(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
419(2)
Chapter 22 Introduction to Sport Nutrition
421(10)
Aims
421(1)
Nutrition and the Athlete
421(1)
Energy Needs in Sport
422(1)
Energy as Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
422(1)
Energy from Fat and Carbohydrates
423(2)
During Training
425(1)
After Exercise
425(1)
Protein Needs
426(1)
Dietary Supplements
427(1)
Vitamin and Mineral Supplements
427(1)
Creatine
427(1)
Fluid
428(1)
Sports Products
429(1)
Summary
429(1)
Study Questions
430(1)
Activities
430(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
430(1)
Chapter 23 Improving Foods for Better Nutrition
431(16)
Aims
431(1)
Foods, Food Components and Health Claims
432(1)
Terminology
433(1)
Smart Foods
433(1)
Foods with Novel Molecular Structures
433(1)
Meat Analogues
434(1)
Foods Produced by Biotechnology
434(1)
Functional Foods
435(1)
Fortified Foods
435(1)
Reduced Content of Nutrients
436(1)
Foods Containing Phytochemicals
436(1)
Foods with Added Components
436(1)
Omega-Enriched Eggs
437(1)
Clinical Usage
437(1)
Foods Containing Bacteria
437(2)
Food Reformulation
439(2)
Nutrient Profiling
441(1)
Organic Food
442(1)
Conclusions
443(1)
Summary
443(1)
Study Questions
443(1)
Activities
444(1)
Bibliography and Further Reading
444(3)
Index 447
Professor Mike Lean, Section Head and Professor of Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of Glasgow, ScotlandDr Emilie Combet, Lecturer in Human Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, University of Glasgow, Scotland