| Foreword to the Second Edition |
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| Foreword to the First Edition |
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vii | |
| Freface |
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ix | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xi | |
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xix | |
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xxxvii | |
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Table of Statutory Instruments |
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xlix | |
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1 The Nature of a Break Clause |
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1 | (6) |
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1 | (1) |
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A Break Notice is not a Notice to Quit |
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1 | (1) |
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The Right to Terminate is Unilateral |
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2 | (1) |
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Forfeiture and Acceptance of Repudiatory Breach Distinguished |
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2 | (1) |
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A Break Clause is a Type of Option |
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3 | (1) |
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The Applicability of Braganza Restrictions on the Exercise of a Break Clause |
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4 | (2) |
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Break Clauses can Appear in All Types of Tenancies and in Many Different Forms |
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6 | (1) |
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2 Formalities and Registration |
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7 | (2) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (2) |
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9 | (23) |
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9 | (1) |
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Tenancies Granted before 1 January 1996 |
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10 | (3) |
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Tenancies Granted on or after 1 January 1996 |
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13 | (2) |
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Formalities for Assignment |
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15 | (2) |
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Restrictions on Assignability |
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17 | (3) |
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Severance of the Reversion |
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20 | (2) |
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Assignment of Part of the Demise |
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22 | (1) |
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The Position of Equitable Assignees |
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23 | (7) |
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The Position where the Break Clause is not Contained in a Lease |
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30 | (2) |
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4 Who May Exercise the Break Clause |
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32 | (21) |
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32 | (1) |
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Where the Lease is Silent or Unclear |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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The Survivor(s) of Joint Lessors/Lessees |
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34 | (1) |
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Where the Landlord is also One of the Tenants |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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The Position with Leases Taking Effect in Equity |
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36 | (1) |
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Equitable Assignees of the Term or Reversion |
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37 | (1) |
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Upon Reassignment of a Lease Containing a Personal Break Clause |
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38 | (4) |
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Former or Non-landlords/Tenants |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (5) |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (3) |
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5 The Form and Content of the Break Notice |
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53 | (28) |
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53 | (1) |
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Compliance with Indispensable Conditions |
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54 | (1) |
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Mistakes in the Break Notice: The General Approach |
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55 | (4) |
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The Objective Approach to the Construction of Notices |
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59 | (3) |
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The `Relevant Objective Contextual Scene' |
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62 | (3) |
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Mistakes as to the Break Date |
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65 | (4) |
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Mistakes as to the Identity of the Serving Party |
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69 | (6) |
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Mistakes as to the Identity of the Intended Recipient |
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75 | (2) |
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Mistakes as to the Identity of the Demised Premises |
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77 | (1) |
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Break Notices Marked `Without Prejudice' |
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78 | (1) |
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Break Notices Marked `Subject to Contract' |
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79 | (2) |
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6 The Time for Exercise of the Break Clause and Service of the Break Notice |
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81 | (20) |
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81 | (1) |
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References to the `Commencement of the Term' |
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82 | (2) |
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The Time for Exercise of the Break Clause |
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84 | (7) |
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The Specified Period of Notice |
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91 | (3) |
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The `Corresponding Date' Rule |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (2) |
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The Effect of Late Service |
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98 | (2) |
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Acceptance of Short Service of a Break Notice |
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100 | (1) |
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7 The Method of Service of a Break Notice |
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101 | (23) |
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101 | (1) |
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Compliance with the Prescribed Contractual Method for Service |
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101 | (5) |
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Particular Contractual Methods for Service |
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106 | (5) |
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111 | (3) |
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Section 196 of the Law of Property Act 1925 |
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114 | (7) |
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Section 7 of the Interpretation Act 1978 |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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8 On Whom the Break Notice Should be Served |
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124 | (8) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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The Position with Leases Taking Effect in Equity |
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126 | (1) |
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Equitable Assignees of the Term or Reversion |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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Where the Intended Recipient has Deceased |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (3) |
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9 Conditions in a Break Clause: General Principles |
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132 | (25) |
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132 | (1) |
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Identification of the Conditions |
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132 | (3) |
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The Principle of Strict Compliance |
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135 | (4) |
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De Minimis Failures to Comply with Conditions |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (5) |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (5) |
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Settlements/Side Agreements |
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151 | (5) |
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Service of a Break Notice without Fulfilling Conditions |
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156 | (1) |
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10 Particular Conditions in a Tenant's Break Clause |
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157 | (30) |
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157 | (1) |
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157 | (14) |
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Payment of Rent and Other Sums |
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171 | (13) |
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184 | (1) |
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Reinstatement Obligations |
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185 | (2) |
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11 The Recovery of `Overpaid' Rent and Other Sums |
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187 | (13) |
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187 | (1) |
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Implication of a Term in the Lease |
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187 | (6) |
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193 | (2) |
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Restitution for Unjust Enrichment |
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195 | (5) |
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12 Redevelopment Break Clauses |
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200 | (14) |
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Conditions in a Landlord's Break Clause |
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200 | (1) |
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Intention, Desire and Other Linguistic Formulations |
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200 | (4) |
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The Scope of the Break Clause |
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204 | (2) |
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Redevelopment Break Clauses under the 1954 Act |
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206 | (1) |
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Redevelopment Break Clauses under the 1993 Act |
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206 | (3) |
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The Electronic Communications Code |
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209 | (5) |
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13 Invalid Break Notices: Waiver, Estoppel and Withdrawal |
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214 | (27) |
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214 | (1) |
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Waiver and Estoppel: General Principles |
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214 | (4) |
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The Operation of Waiver and Estoppel in the Break Clause Context |
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218 | (13) |
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Unilateral Waiver in Respect of Performance of Conditions |
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231 | (1) |
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The Server of a Notice Cannot Rely upon his Own Wrong |
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231 | (2) |
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233 | (3) |
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Withdrawal of a Break Notice |
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236 | (2) |
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Countermanding a Break Notice |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (3) |
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14 The Effect of Exercising a Break Clause |
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241 | (5) |
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As between Landlord and Tenant |
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241 | (2) |
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As Regards an Underlessee |
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243 | (3) |
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15 Break Clauses and Compulsory Purchase |
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246 | (6) |
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246 | (1) |
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Compensation: General Principles |
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247 | (2) |
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Compensation for an Interest Subject to a Break Clause |
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249 | (3) |
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16 Break Clauses and Rent Review |
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252 | (12) |
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252 | (1) |
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252 | (8) |
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260 | (4) |
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17 Professional Liability |
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264 | (9) |
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264 | (1) |
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Failure to Advise During a Transaction |
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265 | (3) |
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Failure to Remind of an Approaching Break Date |
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268 | (1) |
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Failure to Draw Attention to Preconditions |
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269 | (2) |
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Failure to Give Proper Notice |
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271 | (1) |
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271 | (2) |
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273 | (15) |
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273 | (1) |
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Termination of Business Tenancies by the Landlord |
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273 | (2) |
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Termination of Business Tenancies by the Tenant |
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275 | (1) |
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The Position of Sub-tenants |
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275 | (1) |
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The Extent of the `Broken' Demise |
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276 | (1) |
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The Insertion of Break Clauses into New Leases under the 1954 Act |
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277 | (11) |
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288 | (14) |
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288 | (1) |
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Termination of Rent Act Tenancies |
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288 | (2) |
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Termination of Assured Tenancies |
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290 | (2) |
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Termination of Assured Shorthold Tenancies |
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292 | (8) |
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Termination of Contractual Tenancies without Any Security of Tenure |
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300 | (2) |
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20 Agricultural Tenancies |
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302 | (11) |
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302 | (1) |
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Termination of Tenancies of Agricultural Holdings |
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302 | (7) |
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Termination of Farm Business Tenancies |
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309 | (3) |
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312 | (1) |
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21 Drafting Break Clauses |
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313 | (3) |
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313 | (1) |
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Matters to be Addressed when Drafting a Break Clause |
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314 | (2) |
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22 Practical Advice when Exercising a Break Clause |
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316 | (5) |
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Advice for the Party Seeking to Exercise the Break Clause |
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316 | (2) |
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Advice for the Recipient of a Break Notice |
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318 | (1) |
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Litigation Tactics for the Tenant |
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318 | (1) |
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Litigation Tactics for the Landlord |
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319 | (2) |
| Appendix 1 Break Clause for the Landlord -- On One or More Specified Dates |
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321 | (1) |
| Appendix 2 Break Clause for the Landlord -- Incorporating a Rolling Break |
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322 | (1) |
| Appendix 3 Break Clause for the Tenant -- On One or More Specified Dates |
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323 | (1) |
| Appendix 4 Break Clause for the Tenant -- Incorporating a Rolling Break |
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324 | (1) |
| Appendix 5 Particulars of Claim -- Landlord's Claim for Declaration etc |
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325 | (2) |
| Appendix 6 Defence and Counterclaim -- In Response to Landlord's Claim for Declaration etc |
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327 | (2) |
| Index |
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329 | |