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xvii | |
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xxi | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xxiii | |
| Introduction |
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1 | (18) |
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PART I A Millennium of Beginnings (1000 BCE-100 CE) |
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1 Greece and Rome (c. 1000 BCE-100 CE) |
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19 | (28) |
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19 | (18) |
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37 | (4) |
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Rome and the Coming of the Roman Empire |
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41 | (6) |
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2 Israel (c. 1000 BCE-100 CE) |
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47 | (30) |
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47 | (15) |
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62 | (15) |
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PART II One Church, One Faith, One Lord? (4 BCE-451 CE) |
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3 A Crucified Messiah (4 BCE-100 CE) |
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77 | (35) |
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77 | (5) |
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The Adult Jesus: A Public Campaign |
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82 | (9) |
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Crucifixion and Resurrection |
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91 | (6) |
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New Directions: Paul of Tarsus |
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97 | (5) |
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The Gospel of John and Revelation |
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102 | (4) |
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The Jewish Revolt and the End of Jerusalem |
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106 | (6) |
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4 Boundaries Defined (50 CE-300) |
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112 | (43) |
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112 | (9) |
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Alternative Identities: Gnosticism, Marcionism |
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121 | (6) |
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Canon, Creed, Ministry, Catholicity |
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127 | (11) |
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Montanism: Prophecy Renewed and Suppressed |
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138 | (3) |
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Justin, Irenaeus, Tertullian |
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141 | (6) |
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Alexandrian Theologians: Clement and Origen |
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147 | (8) |
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5 The Prince: Ally or Enemy? (100--300) |
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155 | (34) |
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The Church and the Roman Empire (100--200) |
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155 | (11) |
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Third-century Imperial Crisis |
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166 | (6) |
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From Persecution to Persecution (250--300) |
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172 | (4) |
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Kings and Christians: Syria, Armenia |
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176 | (13) |
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6 The Imperial Church (300--451) |
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189 | (42) |
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Constantine and the God of Battles |
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189 | (11) |
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The Beginnings of Monasticism |
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200 | (11) |
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Constantine, Arius and the One God (306--25) |
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211 | (4) |
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Councils and Dissidents from Nicaea to Chalcedon |
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215 | (7) |
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Miaphysites and Nestorius |
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222 | (9) |
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PART III Vanishing Futures: East and South (451--1500) |
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7 Defying Chalcedon: Asia and Africa (451--622) |
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231 | (24) |
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Miaphysite Christianity and Its Missions |
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231 | (9) |
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Ethiopia: The Christianity of `Union' |
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240 | (5) |
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The Church of the East (451--622) |
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245 | (10) |
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8 Islam: The Great Realignment (622--1500) |
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255 | (34) |
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Muhammad and the Coming of Islam |
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255 | (6) |
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261 | (6) |
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267 | (3) |
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The Mongols: New Hope and Catastrophe |
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270 | (7) |
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Islam and the African Churches |
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277 | (12) |
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PART IV The Unpredictable Rise of Rome (300--1300) |
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9 The Making of Latin Christianity (300--500) |
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289 | (30) |
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The Rome of the Popes (300--400) |
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289 | (7) |
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A Religion Fit for Gentlemen (300--400) |
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296 | (5) |
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Augustine: Shaper of the Western Church |
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301 | (11) |
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Early Monasticism in the West (400--500) |
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312 | (7) |
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10 Latin Christendom: New Frontiers (500--1000) |
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319 | (44) |
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Changing Allegiances: Rome, Byzantium and Others |
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319 | (10) |
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Missions in Northern Europe (500--600) |
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329 | (9) |
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Obedient Anglo-Saxons and Other Converts (600--800) |
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338 | (8) |
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Charlemagne, Carolingians and a New Roman Empire (800--1000) |
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346 | (17) |
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11 The West: Universal Emperor or Universal Pope? (900--1200) |
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363 | (33) |
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Abbots, Warriors and Popes: Cluny's Legacy |
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363 | (8) |
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The Vicar of Christ: Marriage, Celibacy and Universal Monarchy |
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371 | (10) |
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The Age of the Crusades (1060--1200) |
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381 | (8) |
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Cistercians, Carthusians and Mary (1100--1200) |
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389 | (7) |
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12 A Church for All People? (1100--1300) |
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396 | (31) |
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Theology, Heresy, Universities (1100--1300) |
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396 | (5) |
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A Pastoral Revolution, Friars and the Fourth Lateran Council (1200--1260) |
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401 | (11) |
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Thomas Aquinas: Philosophy and Faith |
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412 | (3) |
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Love in a Cold Climate: Personal Devotion after 1200 |
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415 | (12) |
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PART V Orthodoxy: The Imperial Faith (451--1800) |
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13 Faith in a New Rome (451--900) |
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427 | (39) |
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A Church to Shape Orthodoxy: Hagia Sophia |
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427 | (9) |
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Byzantine Spirituality: Maximus and the Mystical Tradition |
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436 | (6) |
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Smashing Images: The Iconoclastic Controversy (726--843) |
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442 | (15) |
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Photios and New Missions to the West (850--900) |
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457 | (9) |
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14 Orthodoxy: More Than an Empire (900--1700) |
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466 | (37) |
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Crises and Crusaders (900--1200) |
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466 | (7) |
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The Fourth Crusade and Its Aftermath (1204--1300) |
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473 | (9) |
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Orthodox Renaissance, Ottomans and Hesychasm Triumphant (1300--1400) |
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482 | (9) |
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Hopes Destroyed: Church Union, Ottoman Conquest (1400--1700) |
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491 | (12) |
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15 Russia: The Third Rome (900--1800) |
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503 | (48) |
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A New Threat to Christendom: Norsemen, Rus' and Kiev (900--1240) |
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503 | (7) |
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Tatars, Lithuania and Muscovy (1240--1448) |
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510 | (12) |
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Muscovy Triumphant (1448--1547) |
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522 | (6) |
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Ivan the Terrible and the New Patriarchate (1547--98) |
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528 | (9) |
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From Muscovy to Russia (1598--1800) |
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537 | (14) |
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PART VI Western Christianity Dismembered (1300--1800) |
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16 Perspectives on the True Church (1300--1517) |
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551 | (53) |
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The Church, Death and Purgatory (1300--1500) |
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551 | (7) |
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Papal Monarchy Challenged (1300--1500) |
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558 | (6) |
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Nominalists, Lollards and Hussites (1300--1500) |
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564 | (10) |
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Old Worlds Bring New: Humanism (1300--1500) |
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574 | (10) |
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Reforming the Church in the Last Days (1500) |
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584 | (10) |
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594 | (10) |
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17 A House Divided (1517--1660) |
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604 | (51) |
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604 | (10) |
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The Farmers' War and Zwingli |
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614 | (8) |
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Reformations Radical and Magisterial: Anabaptists and Henry VIII |
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622 | (7) |
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Strassburg, England and Geneva (1540--60) |
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629 | (8) |
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Reformed Protestants, Confessionalization and Toleration (1560--1660) |
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637 | (7) |
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Reformation Crises: The Thirty Years War and Britain |
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644 | (11) |
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18 Rome's Renewal (1500--1700) |
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655 | (34) |
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Cross-currents in Spain and Italy: Valdesians and Jesuits (1500--1540) |
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655 | (7) |
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Regensburg and Trent: A Contest Resolved (1541--59) |
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662 | (5) |
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Counter-Reformations after Trent: England, Spain and the Mystics |
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667 | (8) |
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Trent Delayed: France and Poland-Lithuania |
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675 | (5) |
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Lives Separated: Saints, Splendour, Sex and Witches |
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680 | (9) |
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19 A Worldwide Faith (1500--1800) |
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689 | (27) |
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Iberian Empires: The Western Church Exported |
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689 | (7) |
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Counter-Reformation in a New World |
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696 | (7) |
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Counter-Reformation in Asia: Empires Unconquered |
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703 | (6) |
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Counter-Reformation in Africa: The Blight of the Slave Trade |
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709 | (7) |
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20 Protestant Awakenings (1600--1800) |
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716 | (53) |
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Protestants and American Colonization |
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716 | (15) |
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The Fight for Protestant Survival (1660--1800) |
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731 | (7) |
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Pietism and the Moravians |
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738 | (9) |
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The Evangelical Revival: Methodism |
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747 | (8) |
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The Great Awakenings and the American Revolution |
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755 | (14) |
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PART VII God in the Dock (1492--present) |
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21 Enlightenment: Ally or Enemy? (1492--1815) |
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769 | (48) |
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Natural and Unnatural Philosophy (1492--1700) |
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769 | (7) |
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Judaism, Scepticism and Deism (1492--1700) |
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776 | (11) |
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Social Watersheds in the Netherlands and England (1650--1750) |
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787 | (4) |
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Gender Roles in the Enlightenment |
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791 | (3) |
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Enlightenment in the Eighteenth Century |
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794 | (12) |
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The French Revolution (1789--1815) |
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806 | (6) |
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Aftermath of Revolution: A Europe of Nation-states |
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812 | (5) |
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22 Europe Re-enchanted or Disenchanted? (1815--1914) |
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817 | (49) |
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Catholicism Ascendant: Mary's Triumph and the Challenge of Liberalism |
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817 | (10) |
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Protestantism: Bibles and `First-wave' Feminism |
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827 | (3) |
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A Protestant Enlightenment: Schleiermacher, Hegel and Their Heirs |
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830 | (8) |
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British Protestantism and the Oxford Movement |
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838 | (8) |
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Orthodoxy: Russia and Ottoman Decay |
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846 | (9) |
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Masters of Suspicion: Geology, Biblical Criticism and Atheism |
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855 | (11) |
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23 To Make the World Protestant (1700--1914) |
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866 | (49) |
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Slavery and Its Abolition: A New Christian Taboo |
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866 | (7) |
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A Protestant World Mission: Oceania and Australasia |
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873 | (6) |
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Africa: An Islamic or a Protestant Century? |
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879 | (13) |
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India: The Great Rebellion and the Limits of Colonial Mission |
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892 | (3) |
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895 | (7) |
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America: The New Protestant Empire |
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902 | (13) |
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24 Not Peace but a Sword (1914--60) |
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915 | (52) |
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A War That Killed Christendom (1914--18) |
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915 | (12) |
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Great Britain: The Last Years of Christian Empire |
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927 | (4) |
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Catholics and Christ the King: The Second Age of Catholic Missions |
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931 | (10) |
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The Churches and Nazism: The Second World War |
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941 | (10) |
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World Christianity Realigned: Ecumenical Beginnings |
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951 | (7) |
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World Christianity Realigned: Pentecostals and New Churches |
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958 | (9) |
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25 Culture Wars (1960--Present) |
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967 | (50) |
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The Second Vatican Council: Half a Revolution |
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967 | (8) |
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Catholics, Protestants and Liberation |
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975 | (10) |
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A Cultural Revolution from the Sixties |
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985 | (5) |
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Old-time Religion: Affirmations |
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990 | (9) |
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Freedom: Prospects and Fears |
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999 | (18) |
| Notes |
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1017 | (81) |
| Further Reading |
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1098 | (15) |
| Index |
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1113 | |
