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1 General Principles of Toxicology |
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1 | (26) |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Roots in Veterinary Medicine and Toxicology |
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2 | (2) |
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1.3 Toxicology and the Risk Paradigm |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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1.6 Definitions, Classification, and Toxicity Rating |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.8.1 Malicious Poisoning |
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10 | (1) |
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1.8.2 Accidental Poisoning |
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10 | (1) |
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1.9 Factors Affecting the Activity of Toxicants |
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10 | (4) |
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1.9.1 Host Factors (Biologic Factors) |
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10 | (3) |
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1.9.2 Factors Related to Exposure |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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1.10 Natural Law Concerning Toxicity |
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14 | (3) |
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1.10.1 Dose-Response Relationship |
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14 | (1) |
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1.10.2 Types of Dose-Response Relationship |
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15 | (1) |
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1.10.3 Variables of Dose-Response Curves |
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15 | (2) |
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1.11 Interaction with Receptors |
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17 | (4) |
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1.12 Questions and Answers |
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21 | (5) |
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1.12.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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21 | (1) |
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1.12.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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22 | (2) |
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1.12.3 Fill in the Blanks |
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24 | (1) |
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1.12.4 True or False Statements |
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25 | (1) |
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1.12.5 Match the Statements |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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2 Disposition and Fate of Toxicants |
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27 | (18) |
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27 | (2) |
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29 | (4) |
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2.2.1 Translocation of Xenobiotics Across Membranes |
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29 | (2) |
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2.2.2 Toxicant Absorption |
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31 | (1) |
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2.2.3 Species Differences in Absorption |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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2.3.1 Species Differences in Distribution |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (2) |
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2.6 Induction or Inhibition of Metabolizing Enzymes |
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36 | (1) |
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2.7 Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity |
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36 | (1) |
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2.8 Essentials of Toxicokinetic Principles |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (7) |
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2.9.1 Short Question and Answers |
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37 | (3) |
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2.9.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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2.9.4 True or False Statements |
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42 | (1) |
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2.9.5 Match the Statements |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (14) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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3.4 Mechanism of Toxicity |
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48 | (2) |
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3.4.1 Steps Involved in the Process of Mechanisms of Toxicity |
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48 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Factors Responsible for Cellular Dysfunction |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (2) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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3.6 Questions and Answers |
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52 | (6) |
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3.6.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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52 | (2) |
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3.6.2 Multiple-Choice Questions |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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3.6.4 True or False Statements |
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57 | (1) |
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3.6.5 Match the Statements |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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4 Toxic Effects of Pesticides and Agrochemicals |
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59 | (24) |
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59 | (2) |
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4.2 Definitions and Classifications |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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4.3 Toxicity of Insecticides |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (8) |
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4.4.1 Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides |
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63 | (5) |
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4.4.2 Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Compounds (Toxicity) |
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68 | (1) |
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4.4.3 Insecticides Derived from Plants (Toxicity) |
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68 | (2) |
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4.4.4 Synthetic Pyrethroid Insecticides |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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4.6 Rodenticide Poisoning |
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71 | (3) |
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4.6.1 Anticoagulant Rodenticides (Warfarin and Congeners) |
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71 | (1) |
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4.6.2 Nonanticoagulant Rodenticide (Bromethalin) |
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72 | (1) |
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4.6.3 Cholecalciferol Toxicosis |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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4.7 Molluscicide Poisoning |
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74 | (1) |
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4.8 Solvents and Emulsiner Toxicity |
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74 | (1) |
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4.9 Sulfur and Lime-Sulfur |
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75 | (1) |
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4.10 Questions and Answers |
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75 | (7) |
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4.10.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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75 | (2) |
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4.10.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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77 | (2) |
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4.10.3 Fill in the Blanks |
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79 | (1) |
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4.10.4 True or False Statements |
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80 | (1) |
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4.10.5 Match the Statements |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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5 Toxic Effects of Metals and Micronutrients |
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83 | (38) |
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83 | (2) |
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5.2 Arsenic (Sankhyal, Somalkar) |
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85 | (2) |
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5.2.1 Mechanism of Action |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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5.3.1 Mechanism of Toxicity |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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5.4 Cobalt Deficiency (Vitamin B12 Deficiency) |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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5.6 Iodine Toxicity/Deficiency |
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89 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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5.6.2 Iodine Deficiency (Goiter) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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5.8 Copper Poisoning/Deficiency |
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92 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (3) |
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5.11.1 Mechanism of Action |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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5.12.1 Mechanism of Action |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (3) |
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5.13.1 Mechanism of Action |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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5.14 Molybdenum Poisoning |
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104 | (2) |
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5.14.1 Mechanism of Action |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (2) |
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106 | (1) |
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106 | (2) |
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5.15.1 Mechanism of Action |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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5.17 Salt Poisoning/Deficiency |
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109 | (2) |
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5.17.1 Mechanism of Action |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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5.18 Sulfur and Lime-Sulfur Poisoning/Deficiency |
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111 | (2) |
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5.18.1 Mechanism of Action |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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5.19 Questions and Answers |
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113 | (6) |
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5.19.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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113 | (2) |
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5.19.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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115 | (2) |
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5.19.3 Fill in the Blanks |
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117 | (1) |
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5.19.4 True or False Statements |
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117 | (1) |
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5.19.5 Match the Statements |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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6 Toxicologic Hazards of Solvents, Gases, Vapors, and Other Chemicals |
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121 | (22) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (3) |
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6.2.1 Alcohols and Glycols |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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6.3 Toxic Gases and Vapors |
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126 | (5) |
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6.3.1 Carbon Monoxide (CO) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Oxides of Nitrogen (Silo Filler's Disease) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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6.3.6 Phosphine Gas Sources |
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130 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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6.5 Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) and Perfluorinated Compounds (PFCs) |
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131 | (1) |
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6.6 Persistent Halogenated Aromatic (PHAs) Poisoning |
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132 | (1) |
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6.7 Coal-Tar Product Poisoning |
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133 | (1) |
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6.8 Pentachlorophenol (PCP) Poisoning |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (2) |
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135 | (1) |
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6.10.2 Detergents, Soaps, and Shampoos |
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135 | (1) |
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6.11 Questions and Answers |
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136 | (6) |
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6.11.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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136 | (2) |
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6.11.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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138 | (3) |
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6.11.3 Match the Statements |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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7 Toxicities from Human Drugs |
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143 | (22) |
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143 | (1) |
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7.2 Toxicities from Over-the-Counter Drugs |
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144 | (6) |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Gastrointestinal Drugs |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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7.2.6 Multivitamins and Iron |
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148 | (1) |
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7.2.7 Topical Preparations |
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149 | (1) |
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7.2.8 5-Hydroxytryptophan |
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149 | (1) |
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7.2.9 Herbal Supplements (Toxicity) |
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149 | (1) |
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7.3 Toxicities from Prescription Drugs |
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150 | (10) |
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7.3.1 Cardiovascular Medications |
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150 | (2) |
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7.3.2 Phenothiazine Tranquilizers/Benzodiazepines |
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152 | (1) |
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7.3.3 Antidepressants and Sleep Aids |
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153 | (2) |
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7.3.4 Muscle Relaxants (Toxicity) |
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155 | (1) |
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7.3.5 Topical Agents (Toxicity) |
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155 | (1) |
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7.3.6 Toxicities from Nonsteroidal Prescription Drugs |
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155 | (1) |
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7.3.7 Toxicities from Illicit and Abused Drugs |
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156 | (4) |
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7.4 Questions and Answers |
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160 | (3) |
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7.4.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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160 | (1) |
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7.4.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (2) |
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8 Poisonous and Venomous Organisms |
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165 | (22) |
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165 | (1) |
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8.2 Classification of Venomous Arthropods |
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166 | (1) |
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8.3 Arachnids (Spiders, Scorpions, Whip Scorpions, Solpugids, Mites, and Ticks) |
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167 | (3) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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8.4 Myriapoda: Centipedes and Millipedes |
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170 | (1) |
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8.5 Insects: Heteroptera (True Bugs) and Hymenoptera (Ants, Bees, Wasps, and Hornets) |
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171 | (2) |
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8.5.1 Ants, Bees, Wasps, and Hornets |
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171 | (2) |
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8.6 Blister Beetle Poisoning (Cantharidin Poisoning) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (3) |
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175 | (2) |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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8.10 Questions and Answers |
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179 | (6) |
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8.10.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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179 | (2) |
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8.10.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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181 | (3) |
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184 | (1) |
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8.10.4 True or False Statements |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (2) |
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9 Bacterial and Cyanobacterial (Blue-Green Algae) |
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187 | (16) |
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187 | (1) |
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9.2 Botulinum Toxins (Botulism) |
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188 | (2) |
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9.3 Enterotoxemias (Clostridium perfringens Infections) |
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190 | (3) |
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9.3.1 Type A Enterotoxemia (Necrotic Enteritis) |
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191 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Type B and C Enterotoxemia (Lamb Dysentery) |
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191 | (1) |
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9.3.3 Type D Enterotoxemia (Pulpy Kidney Disease, Overeating Disease) |
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192 | (1) |
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9.4 Blue-Green Algae Poisoning (Cyanobacterial Toxins) |
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193 | (2) |
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9.5 Questions and Answers |
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195 | (6) |
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9.5.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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195 | (2) |
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9.5.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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9.5.4 True or False Statements |
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199 | (1) |
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9.5.5 Match the Statements |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (24) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (2) |
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10.3 Ochratoxin A Toxicity |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (2) |
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10.5 Estrogenism and Vulvovaginitis (Fusarium Estrogenism) |
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209 | (2) |
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211 | (1) |
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10.7 Fescue Lameness (Fescue Foot) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (1) |
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10.10 Trichofhecene Toxicosis |
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215 | (2) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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10.13 Slaframine Toxicosis |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (2) |
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10.15 Tremorgenic Mycotoxins |
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220 | (1) |
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10.16 Questions and Answers |
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220 | (5) |
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10.16.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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220 | (1) |
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10.16.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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221 | (2) |
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10.16.3 FiH in the Blanks |
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223 | (1) |
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10.16.4 True or False Statements |
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224 | (1) |
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10.16.5 Match the Statements |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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227 | (52) |
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227 | (1) |
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11.2 Astragalus and Oxytropis Species |
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228 | (4) |
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228 | (1) |
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11.2.2 Nitro-Containing Astragalus (Milkvetches) |
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229 | (2) |
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11.2.3 Seleniferous Astragalus |
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231 | (1) |
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11.3 Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.) |
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232 | (1) |
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11.4 Lupines (Lupinus spp.) |
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233 | (2) |
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11.5 Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum) |
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235 | (2) |
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11.6 Water Hemlock (Cicuta spp.) |
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237 | (1) |
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11.7 Ponderosa Pine Needles (Pinus spp.) |
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238 | (1) |
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11.8 Rayless Goldenrod (Haplopappus heterophyllus) |
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239 | (1) |
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11.9 Broom Snakeweed (Gutierrezia spp.) |
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240 | (1) |
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11.10 Halogeton (Halogeton glomeratus) |
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241 | (1) |
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11.11 Pyrrolidine Alkaloid-Containing Plants |
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242 | (2) |
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11.12 Photosensitizing Plants |
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244 | (2) |
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11.12.1 Primary Photosensitization |
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244 | (1) |
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11.12.2 Secondary Photosensitization |
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245 | (1) |
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11.13 Bracken Fern (Pteridium and Aquilinum) |
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246 | (2) |
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11.14 Cannabis sativa (Cannabaceae Family) |
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248 | (1) |
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11.15 Colchicum autumnale L |
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249 | (2) |
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251 | (1) |
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11.17 Oleander Plants (Apocynaceae Family) |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (2) |
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11.21 Descurainia pinnata |
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258 | (1) |
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11.22 Plants Containing Cyanogenic Glycosides |
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259 | (4) |
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11.23 Nitrate-and Nitrite-Accumulating Plants |
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263 | (2) |
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11.24 Toxicity of Yew (7axt spp.) Alkaloids |
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265 | (1) |
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11.25 Senna occidentalis (Fabaceae Family) |
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266 | (1) |
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11.26 Strychnine Poisoning |
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267 | (1) |
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268 | (1) |
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11.28 Questions and Answers |
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269 | (8) |
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11.28.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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269 | (2) |
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11.28.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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271 | (3) |
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11.28.3 Fill in the Blanks |
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274 | (1) |
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11.28.4 True or False Statements |
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275 | (1) |
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11.28.5 Match the Statements |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (2) |
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12 Feed Contaminant Toxicity |
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279 | (10) |
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279 | (1) |
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12.2 Melamine and Cyanuric Acid |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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12.3.1 Toxic Myopathies in Ruminants and Pigs |
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281 | (1) |
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12.3.2 Toxic Myopathy in Poultry |
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281 | (1) |
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12.3.3 Nonprotein Nitrogen Poisoning |
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281 | (2) |
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12.4 Questions and Answers |
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283 | (4) |
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12.4.1 Short Questions and Answers |
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283 | (1) |
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12.4.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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12.4.4 True or False Statements |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (2) |
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289 | (12) |
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289 | (1) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (2) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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13.8 Questions and Answers |
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295 | (5) |
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295 | (2) |
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13.8.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
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297 | (1) |
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298 | (1) |
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13.8.4 True or False Statements |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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14 Veterinary Drug Residue Hazards |
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301 | (8) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (1) |
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14.3 Public Health Significances |
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303 | (1) |
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303 | (1) |
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14.5 Questions and Answers |
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304 | (4) |
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304 | (2) |
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14.5.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
14.5.3 Fill in the Blanks |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
14.5.4 True or False Statements |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
15 Veterinary Clinical Toxicology |
|
|
309 | (20) |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
15.2 Diagnosis of Toxicosis |
|
|
310 | (5) |
|
15.2.1 Collection of Samples |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
15.2.2 Procedure for Submission of Samples |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
15.2.3 Samples for Toxicology Examination |
|
|
312 | (2) |
|
15.2.4 Analytical Methods in Toxicology |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
15.3 Principles of Therapy |
|
|
315 | (2) |
|
15.3.1 Prevention of Further Poison Absorption |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
15.3.2 Enhancement of Poison Elimination |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
15.3.3 Supportive Treatment |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
15.3.4 Specific Antidotes |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
15.4 Questions and Answers |
|
|
317 | (11) |
|
15.4.1 Short Questions and Answers |
|
|
317 | (5) |
|
15.4.2 Multiple Choice Questions |
|
|
322 | (3) |
|
15.4.3 Fill in the Blanks |
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
15.4.4 True or False Statements |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
15.4.5 Match the Statements |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
328 | (1) |
Index |
|
329 | |