|
|
xix | |
Notes on the authors |
|
xxv | |
Acknowledgements |
|
xxvii | |
|
PART 1 THE CRIMINOLOGICAL IMAGINATION |
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|
1 | (46) |
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3 | (8) |
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An introduction: the many meanings of criminology |
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3 | (1) |
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What counts as a criminological topic? |
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4 | (1) |
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|
4 | (1) |
|
Sociology and the 'sociological imagination' |
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5 | (1) |
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Sociology and the 'criminological imagination' |
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5 | (1) |
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Sociology, social divisions and crime |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (2) |
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|
9 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
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|
9 | (1) |
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Suggestions for further study |
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|
9 | (1) |
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Suggestions about useful websites |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (16) |
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11 | (1) |
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Historical patterns: declining violence |
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12 | (1) |
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British prosecution patterns |
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13 | (1) |
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Trends in historical writing |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (3) |
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19 | (3) |
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The 'dangerous class', 'underclass', race and crime |
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22 | (3) |
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25 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
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|
25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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|
26 | (1) |
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|
27 | (20) |
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|
27 | (1) |
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Criminological research methods |
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28 | (2) |
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30 | (1) |
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Thinking critically about statistics |
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31 | (6) |
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31 | (2) |
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Racist incidents: an example of thinking critically about recorded crime |
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33 | (2) |
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National crime victimization surveys |
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|
35 | (1) |
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International, local and commercial crime victimization surveys |
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|
36 | (1) |
|
Thinking positively about crime statistics |
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|
37 | (1) |
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Criminologists and criminals |
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|
38 | (1) |
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Moral, ethical and legal issues |
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|
39 | (2) |
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40 | (1) |
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Taking sides in criminological research |
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41 | (3) |
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Becker and 'underdog sociology' |
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|
41 | (1) |
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Ohlin and policy-forming sociology |
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|
42 | (2) |
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|
44 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
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|
44 | (1) |
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|
44 | (1) |
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|
45 | (2) |
|
PART 2 THINKING ABOUT CRIME |
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|
47 | (104) |
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4 The Enlightenment and Early Traditions |
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49 | (17) |
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49 | (2) |
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|
50 | (1) |
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Enlightenment thinking about crime |
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51 | (1) |
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The classical tradition in criminology |
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52 | (4) |
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Back to justice: some recent classical developments |
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54 | (2) |
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Some problems with the classical model |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (7) |
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The criminal type and Lombroso |
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|
56 | (3) |
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Statistical regularity and positivism |
|
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59 | (1) |
|
The positivist inheritance |
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|
60 | (2) |
|
Problems with the positivist model |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
Tensions between positivism and classical thinking |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
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|
64 | (1) |
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|
64 | (1) |
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|
65 | (1) |
|
5 Early Sociologies of Crime |
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66 | (22) |
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66 | (1) |
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67 | (2) |
|
Problems with functionalism |
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68 | (1) |
|
The egoism of crime in capitalist society |
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69 | (2) |
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|
71 | (1) |
|
Cultural transmission, city life and the Chicago School |
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71 | (3) |
|
The Chicago School and crime |
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|
72 | (2) |
|
Crime as learned: differential association theory |
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|
74 | (3) |
|
Problems with the Chicago School |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
Anomie and the stresses and strains of crime |
|
|
77 | (3) |
|
Problems with anomie theory |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
Gangs, youth and deviant subcultures |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
Synthesizing the theories? |
|
|
79 | (1) |
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|
80 | (2) |
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|
80 | (1) |
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|
81 | (1) |
|
Problems with control theory |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
Written out of criminological history? |
|
|
83 | (2) |
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
Early sociological studies of women and girls |
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
6 Radicalizing Traditions |
|
|
88 | (26) |
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|
88 | (3) |
|
|
91 | (6) |
|
|
92 | (2) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Problems with labelling theory |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Jeffrey Reiman and economic conflicts |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
|
98 | (5) |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
The Birmingham Centre and the new subcultural theory |
|
|
103 | (3) |
|
|
104 | (2) |
|
|
106 | (4) |
|
Critique of malestream criminology |
|
|
107 | (2) |
|
Men, masculinity and crime |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
Foucault and discourse theory |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
7 Crime, Social Theory and Social Change |
|
|
114 | (20) |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Crime and the movement to late modernity |
|
|
115 | (3) |
|
The exclusive society and the vertigo of late modernity |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
|
118 | (4) |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
|
122 | (4) |
|
|
123 | (2) |
|
Rebirth of human rights theories |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
The risk society: actuarial justice and contradictory criminologies |
|
|
126 | (5) |
|
|
127 | (4) |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
|
134 | (17) |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
Offenders, offences and place |
|
|
135 | (7) |
|
Spatial distribution of crime |
|
|
137 | (5) |
|
Crime prevention, space and communities |
|
|
142 | (4) |
|
Changing spaces: urban design and crime |
|
|
142 | (3) |
|
Living in spaces: everyday negotiations of disorder |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
Mapping and the uses of geo-data |
|
|
146 | (2) |
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
|
148 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
|
151 | (140) |
|
9 Victims and Victimization |
|
|
153 | (22) |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
The role of victims within the criminal justice system |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
Denning crime and victimization |
|
|
155 | (2) |
|
The hierarchy of victimization |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
Different types of victimology |
|
|
158 | (2) |
|
Crime victimization surveys |
|
|
160 | (2) |
|
Social variables in crime victimization |
|
|
162 | (4) |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
163 | (3) |
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
166 | (4) |
|
Towards a victim-oriented criminal justice process? |
|
|
170 | (2) |
|
|
172 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
|
173 | (1) |
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
|
175 | (20) |
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
Patterns of property crime |
|
|
176 | (2) |
|
|
178 | (2) |
|
The hidden figure of property crime |
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
Profile of property crime offenders |
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
Social distribution of crime risks |
|
|
183 | (3) |
|
|
183 | (1) |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
185 | (1) |
|
Controlling property crime |
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
Other forms of property crime |
|
|
187 | (4) |
|
Theft and illegal export of cultural property |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
Theft of intellectual property |
|
|
189 | (1) |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
New horizons in understanding property crime |
|
|
191 | (2) |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
11 Crime, Sexuality and Gender |
|
|
195 | (24) |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
Understanding sex offences: sex crimes, gender and violence |
|
|
196 | (12) |
|
|
199 | (3) |
|
|
202 | (3) |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
Rape, war crime and genocide |
|
|
205 | (2) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
The instrumental and symbolic role of law in sex crimes |
|
|
208 | (3) |
|
|
209 | (2) |
|
The changing character of sex crimes |
|
|
211 | (4) |
|
Sex crimes on the Internet |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
Changes in the law concerning sexual offences in the United Kingdom |
|
|
213 | (2) |
|
Sex offences in global perspective |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
12 Crime, the Emotions and Social Psychology |
|
|
219 | (18) |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
Rediscovering the emotions |
|
|
220 | (3) |
|
Status, stigma and seduction |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
|
223 | (4) |
|
Urbanism, anxiety and the human condition |
|
|
225 | (2) |
|
|
227 | (3) |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
Self-esteem, shame and respect |
|
|
230 | (4) |
|
|
232 | (2) |
|
Humiliation, rage and edgework |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
Risk, excitement and routine |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
13 Organizational and Professional Forms of Crime |
|
|
237 | (22) |
|
|
237 | (3) |
|
Thinking about organizational and professional crime |
|
|
238 | (2) |
|
Crime in the world of illegal enterprise |
|
|
240 | (7) |
|
Professional organized crime in Britain, 1930s--2000 |
|
|
241 | (2) |
|
Ethnicity, outsiders and the organization of crime |
|
|
243 | (2) |
|
Organized crime as local and global |
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
Crime in the world of lawful professions |
|
|
247 | (6) |
|
Defining and identifying 'crimes' of the powerful |
|
|
247 | (1) |
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Crime and the professions |
|
|
249 | (4) |
|
Crime in the world of corporate-level business and commerce |
|
|
253 | (3) |
|
|
253 | (2) |
|
Transnational corporate crimes |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
|
256 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
14 Drugs, Alcohol, Health and Crime |
|
|
259 | (32) |
|
|
259 | (3) |
|
Controlling illicit drugs and alcohol |
|
|
262 | (7) |
|
Drug politics and policy in the UK |
|
|
264 | (4) |
|
The anomaly of alcohol control |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
|
269 | (3) |
|
The opium trade in the nineteenth century |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
The drugs trade in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries |
|
|
270 | (2) |
|
|
272 | (5) |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
Criminal groups and the drug market |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
|
278 | (2) |
|
|
280 | (2) |
|
Drugs, alcohol, crime and community: a public health issue |
|
|
282 | (3) |
|
Connecting crime and health issues |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
Crime, public health and social inequalities |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
Public health as social policing |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
Medicine as a form of social control |
|
|
285 | (3) |
|
Medical and psychiatric interventions as social control |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
Medicalization of control in prisons |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Medicine and the criminal justice system |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
|
289 | (2) |
|
|
291 | (96) |
|
15 Thinking about Punishment |
|
|
293 | (24) |
|
|
293 | (2) |
|
Philosophical justifications |
|
|
295 | (11) |
|
|
296 | (5) |
|
|
301 | (5) |
|
Sociological explanations |
|
|
306 | (9) |
|
Durkheim and social solidarity |
|
|
306 | (2) |
|
Marx and political economy |
|
|
308 | (2) |
|
Foucault and disciplinary power |
|
|
310 | (3) |
|
|
313 | (2) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
16 The Criminal Justice Process |
|
|
317 | (24) |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
Overview of criminal justice institutions in the UK |
|
|
318 | (2) |
|
Key stages of the criminal justice process |
|
|
320 | (8) |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
The Crown Prosecution Service |
|
|
322 | (2) |
|
The judiciary and the courts |
|
|
324 | (2) |
|
Lawyers and the adversarial system |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
328 | (8) |
|
|
328 | (3) |
|
|
331 | (2) |
|
|
333 | (3) |
|
Stigma, recidivism and reintegration |
|
|
336 | (1) |
|
The futures of criminal justice |
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
|
339 | (2) |
|
|
341 | (21) |
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
Historical origins and continuities |
|
|
342 | (5) |
|
|
344 | (2) |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Police roles and functions |
|
|
347 | (2) |
|
|
349 | (3) |
|
|
352 | (2) |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
Political and public accountability |
|
|
353 | (1) |
|
Managerial accountability |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
Police deviance and criminality |
|
|
354 | (2) |
|
Changes and futures of policing |
|
|
356 | (3) |
|
Privatization and pluralization |
|
|
356 | (1) |
|
|
357 | (2) |
|
|
359 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
360 | (1) |
|
|
360 | (1) |
|
|
360 | (2) |
|
18 Prisons and Imprisonment |
|
|
362 | (25) |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
|
363 | (4) |
|
|
367 | (2) |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
|
370 | (1) |
|
|
371 | (2) |
|
The expanding prison population |
|
|
371 | (1) |
|
Overcrowding and conditions |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
Authority and managerialism |
|
|
373 | (1) |
|
|
373 | (9) |
|
|
373 | (2) |
|
|
375 | (2) |
|
Ethnicity, nationality and racism |
|
|
377 | (5) |
|
|
382 | (2) |
|
Prisoner subcultures and 'mind games' |
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
Prison riots and the problem of order |
|
|
383 | (1) |
|
|
384 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
385 | (1) |
|
|
385 | (2) |
|
|
387 | (102) |
|
|
389 | (25) |
|
|
389 | (3) |
|
Example -- the case of climate change |
|
|
392 | (2) |
|
Why should climate change be of interest to criminologists? |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
Globalization and the risk society |
|
|
394 | (1) |
|
Green criminology and harms against the environment |
|
|
395 | (9) |
|
Harms, connections and consequences |
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
Harms to the planet and its inhabitants: a typology |
|
|
397 | (7) |
|
Secondary or symbiotic green crimes |
|
|
404 | (4) |
|
Waste dumping, victims and organized crime |
|
|
405 | (3) |
|
The making of green crimes: criminalizing environmental harms |
|
|
408 | (2) |
|
Early pollution legislation |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
The international context and environmental legislation |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
The criminalization of environmental offences |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
Environmental justice and social movements for resistance and change |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
The green criminology agenda |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
411 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
|
414 | (23) |
|
|
414 | (3) |
|
|
417 | (1) |
|
Media effects, popular anxieties and violent representations |
|
|
418 | (3) |
|
Dramatizing crime, manufacturing consent and news production |
|
|
421 | (3) |
|
|
423 | (1) |
|
Imagining transgression, representing detection and consuming crime |
|
|
424 | (4) |
|
|
428 | (7) |
|
|
429 | (4) |
|
|
433 | (1) |
|
|
433 | (2) |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
435 | (1) |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
21 Political Violence, Terrorism and Counter-terrorism |
|
|
437 | (24) |
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
|
438 | (4) |
|
|
439 | (3) |
|
Understanding terrorist action |
|
|
442 | (5) |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
Explaining terrorism: rediscovering positivism |
|
|
443 | (2) |
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
Differentiating crime and terrorism |
|
|
446 | (1) |
|
|
447 | (11) |
|
Thinking about counter-terrorism |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
|
450 | (1) |
|
|
451 | (1) |
|
|
452 | (3) |
|
|
455 | (3) |
|
Preventing radicalization |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
|
459 | (2) |
|
22 State Crime, War Crime and Human Rights |
|
|
461 | (19) |
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
The denial of contemporary barbarism |
|
|
462 | (3) |
|
|
465 | (2) |
|
Crimes against humanity: colonialism and slavery |
|
|
467 | (3) |
|
Genocide: a crime of obedience |
|
|
470 | (4) |
|
Modernity and the Holocaust |
|
|
474 | (1) |
|
Conceptual and definitional issues |
|
|
474 | (3) |
|
|
474 | (2) |
|
Social harms perspectives |
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
'Crimes of globalization' |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
|
477 | (1) |
|
Critical thinking questions |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
23 Criminological Futures |
|
|
480 | (9) |
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
|
482 | (1) |
|
Extension of current trends |
|
|
482 | (2) |
|
The present into the future |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
Criminological thinking --- present and future? |
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
Risk and risky populations as the future focus of control? |
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
A different (sociological) future |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
486 | (2) |
|
|
488 | (1) |
Glossary |
|
489 | (7) |
References |
|
496 | (58) |
Webliography |
|
554 | (14) |
Index |
|
568 | |