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Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive [Pehme köide]

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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 608 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 197x128x30 mm, kaal: 466 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jun-2011
  • Kirjastus: Penguin Books Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0241958687
  • ISBN-13: 9780241958681
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 608 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 197x128x30 mm, kaal: 466 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Jun-2011
  • Kirjastus: Penguin Books Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 0241958687
  • ISBN-13: 9780241958681
Teised raamatud teemal:
From the author of Guns, Germs and Steel, Jared Diamond's Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive is a visionary study of the mysterious downfall of past civilizations.

Now in a revised edition with a new afterword, Jared Diamond's Collapse uncovers the secret behind why some societies flourish, while others founder - and what this means for our future.

What happened to the people who made the forlorn long-abandoned statues of Easter Island? What happened to the architects of the crumbling Maya pyramids? Will we go the same way, our skyscrapers one day standing derelict and overgrown like the temples at Angkor Wat?

Bringing together new evidence from a startling range of sources and piecing together the myriad influences, from climate to culture, that make societies self-destruct, Jared Diamond's Collapse also shows how - unlike our ancestors - we can benefit from our knowledge of the past and learn to be survivors.

'A grand sweep from a master storyteller of the human race' - Daily Mail

'Riveting, superb, terrifying' - Observer

'Gripping ... the book fulfils its huge ambition, and Diamond is the only man who could have written it' - Economis

'This book shines like all Diamond's work' - Sunday Times
List of Maps
xiii
Prologue: A Tale of Two Farms 1(24)
Two farms
Collapses, past and present
Vanished Edens?
A five-point framework
Businesses and the environment
The comparative method
Plan of the book
Part One MODERN MONTANA
25(52)
Chapter 1 Under Montana's Big Sky
27(50)
Stan Falkow's story
Montana and me
Why begin with Montana?
Montana's economic history
Mining
Forests
Soil
Water
Native and non-native species
Differing visions
Attitudes towards regulation
Rick Laible's story
Chip Pigman's story
Tim Huls's story
John Cook's story
Montana, model of the world
Part Two PAST SOCIETIES
77(232)
Chapter 2 Twilight at Easter
79(41)
The quarry's mysteries
Easter's geography and history
People and food
Chiefs, clans, and commoners
Platforms and statues
Carving, transporting, erecting
The vanished forest
Consequences for society
Europeans and explanations
Why was Easter fragile?
Easter as metaphor
Chapter 3 The Last People Alive: Pitcairn and Henderson Islands
120(16)
Pitcairn before the Bounty
Three dissimilar Islands
Trade
The movie's ending
Chapter 4 The Ancient Ones: The Anasazi and Their Neighbors
136(21)
Desert farmers
Tree rings
Agricultural strategies
Chaco's problems and packrats
Regional integration
Chaco's decline and end
Chaco's message
Chapter 5 The Maya Collapses
157(21)
Mysteries of lost cities
The Maya environment
Maya agriculture
Maya history
Copan
Complexities of collapses
Wars and droughts
Collapse in the southern lowlands
The Maya message
Chapter 6 The Viking Prelude and Fugues
178(33)
Experiments in the Atlantic
The Viking explosion
Autocatalysis
Viking agriculture
Iron
Viking chiefs
Viking religion
Orkneys, Shetlands, Faeroes
Iceland's environment
Iceland's history
Iceland in context
Vinland
Chapter 7 Norse Greenland's Flowering
211(37)
Europe's outpost
Greenland's climate today
Climate in the past
Native plants and animals
Norse settlement
Farming
Hunting and fishing
An integrated economy
Society
Trade with Europe
Self-image
Chapter 8 Norse Greenland's End
248(29)
Introduction to the end
Deforestation
Soil and turf damage
The Inuit's predecessors
Inuit subsistence
Inuit/Norse relations
The end
Ultimate causes of the end
Chapter 9 Opposite Paths to Success
277(32)
Bottom up, top down
New Guinea highlands
Tikopia
Tokugawa problems
Tokugawa solutions
Why Japan succeeded
Other successes
Part Three MODERN SOCIETIES
309(108)
Chapter 10 Malthus in Africa: Rwanda's Genocide
311(18)
A dilemma
Events in Rwanda
More than ethnic hatred
Buildup in Kanama
Explosion in Kanama
Why it happened
Chapter 11 One Island, Two Peoples, Two Histories: The Dominican Republic and Haiti
329(29)
Differences
Histories
Causes of divergence
Dominican environmental impacts
Balaguer
The Dominican environment today
The future
Chapter 12 China, Lurching Giant
358(20)
China's significance
Background
Air, water, soil
Habitat, species, megaprojects
Consequences
Connections
The future
Chapter 13 "Mining" Australia
378(39)
Australia's significance
Soils
Water
Distance
Early history
Imported values
Trade and immigration
Land degradation
Other environmental problems
Signs of hope and change
Part Four PRACTICAL LESSONS
417(109)
Chapter 14 Why Do Some Societies Make Disastrous Decisions?
419(22)
Road map for success
Failure to anticipate
Failure to perceive
Rational bad behavior
Disastrous values
Other irrational failures
Unsuccessful solutions
Signs of hope
Chapter 15 Big Businesses and the Environment: Different Conditions, Different Outcomes
441(45)
Resource extraction
Two oil fields
Oil company motives
Hardrock mining operations
Mining company motives
Differences among mining companies
The logging industry
Forest Stewardship Council
The seafood industry
Businesses and the public
Chapter 16 The World as a Polder: What Does It All Mean to Us Today?
486(40)
Introduction
The most serious problems
If we don't solve them...
Life in Los Angeles
One-liner objections
The past and the present
Reasons for hope
Afterword: Angkor's Rise and Fall
526(14)
Questions about Angkor
Angkor's environment
Angkor's rise
The great city
Magnificent engineering
Angkor's decline
Acknowledgments 540(3)
Further Readings 543(32)
Index 575(15)
Illustration Credits 590
Jared Diamond is Professor of Geography at the University of California, Los Angeles. Until recently he was Professor of Physiology at the UCLA School of Medicine. He is the Pulitzer Prize-winning author of the widely acclaimed Guns, Germs, and Steel: the Fates of Human Societies, which also is the winner of Britain's 1998 Rhone-Poulenc Science Book Prize.