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Dimensions of Food 8th edition [Pehme köide]

(Medical City Hospital, Dallas, Texas, USA),
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 344 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 839 g, 205 Tables, black and white; 87 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Feb-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138631264
  • ISBN-13: 9781138631267
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  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 344 pages, kõrgus x laius: 280x210 mm, kaal: 839 g, 205 Tables, black and white; 87 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Feb-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-10: 1138631264
  • ISBN-13: 9781138631267
Teised raamatud teemal:
Following its bestselling predecessor, Dimensions of Food, Eighth Edition, provides beneficial classroom and independent, instructive material for students. Instructors will find that this textbook's organization makes it easy to use and very flexible for teaching.

A variety of stimulating experiences allow the student to explore and comprehend the numerous dimensions of food. Part I of this lab manual contains an analysis of economic, nutritional, palatability, chemical, sanitary, and food processing dimensions of food. Part II allows students to analyze the structural and functional properties of foods such as starches, fruits and vegetables, eggs, dairy, meat, poultry and fish, fats and oils, sweeteners, and baked goods. Part III features information on microwave cooking, and Part IV concludes with beneficial ideas on meal planning. All chapters in this informative and interactive insight into food science contain learning objectives, exercises, recipes, summary questions, and updated Dietitian's Notes.

Contains several helpful Appendices on topics including: Food Guides and Dietary Guidelines, Food Equivalents, Portions, Food Allergens, Food Additives, Legislation, Foodborne Illness, Cooking Terms, Herbs and Spices, and Plant Proteins.
Preface xiii
Authors xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Part I Dimensions Of Food
A Economic Dimensions
3(10)
Exercise 1: Factors Influencing the Cost of Food
4(5)
A Quality of Product-Comparing Store and National Brands
4(1)
B Caloric and Price Differences of Various Product Formulations
5(1)
C The Cost of Convenience Foods-Ready-to-Eat Products, Packaged Mixes
6(1)
D Comparing Price per Serving of Various Forms of a Food
6(2)
E Cost Comparison of Food, As Purchased (A.P.) and Edible Portion (E.P.)
8(1)
Exercise 2: Labels as Guides in Food Purchasing
9(1)
Exercise 3: "Health" Food
10(1)
Exercise 4: Planned-Over Foods
10(1)
Summary Questions-Economic Dimensions
11(2)
B Nutritional Dimensions
13(14)
Exercise 1: Determining Serving Size
14(1)
Exercise 2: Factors Affecting Caloric Value of Foods
15(1)
Exercise 3: Nutrient Contributions of the Food Groups
16(3)
Exercise 4: Evaluation of a Daily Menu
19(1)
Exercise 5: Labels as Guides to Nutrient Content
20(3)
A Nutritive Value and Cost of Fruit-Juice Products
20(1)
B Carbohydrate Label Information
20(1)
C Nutritive Value and Cost of Cereal Products
21(1)
D Health Claims Allowed on Labels
22(1)
E Food Allergies
22(1)
Summary Questions-Nutritional Dimensions
23(4)
C Palatability Dimensions
27(10)
Exercise 1: Identifying Sensory Properties of Food
28(3)
Exercise 2: Sensory Evaluation Tests
31(1)
Exercise 3: Evaluating Sensory Properties in Foods
32(1)
Exercise 4: Evaluating Food Products Marketed for Use with Food Allergies
32(1)
Exercise 5: Evaluating Personal Preferences
33(1)
Summary Questions-Palatability Dimensions
34(3)
D Chemical Dimensions
37(8)
Exercise 1: Functions of Food Additives
38(1)
Exercise 2: Relationship of Additive Use to Degree of Processing
39(1)
Exercise 3: Evaluation of Snack Foods
40(1)
Exercise 4: Sodium Content of Foods
41(1)
Exercise 5: Wheat in Foods
42(1)
Summary Questions-Chemical Dimensions
43(2)
E Sanitary Dimensions
45(30)
Exercise 1: Factors Affecting the Microbial Safety of Foods
47(2)
A Sources of Contamination
47(1)
B Conditions Necessary for the Growth of Bacteria
47(1)
C Bacterial Growth Curve
48(1)
Exercise 2: Temperature Control in Food Handling
49(2)
A Factors Affecting the Rate of Cooling of Large Quantities of Foods
49(1)
B Temperatures for Holding and Reheating Foods
50(1)
C Recommended Temperatures for Cooked Food
51(1)
Exercise 3: Sanitization in the Food Preparation Environment
51(1)
A Use of Approved Chemical Sanitizers
51(1)
B Sanitization by Immersion
52(1)
Summary Questions-Sanitary Dimensions
52(10)
F Food-Processing Dimensions
61(1)
Exercise 1: Processing Temperatures
62(2)
Exercise 2: Food Processing, Canning
64(1)
A Canning Equipment
64(1)
B Canning Acid and Low-Acid Foods
65(1)
Questions-Canning
65(2)
Exercise 3: Food Processing, Freezing
67(1)
A Freezing Equipment
67(1)
B Freezing Fruits and Vegetables
67(1)
Questions-Freezing
68(1)
Summary Questions-Dimensions of Food (Part I, A-F)
69(6)
Part II Food Principles
A Measurements, Use of Ingredients, Laboratory Techniques, Policies, and Procedures
75(8)
Exercise 1: Demonstration of Measuring and Mixing Techniques
77(1)
Exercise 2: Measuring Liquids
78(1)
Exercise 3: Measuring Solids
78(1)
Exercise 4: Cleanup
79(1)
Summary Questions-Measurements, Use of Ingredients, and Laboratory Techniques
79(1)
Lab Policies and Procedures
80(1)
Dietitian's Note
81(2)
B Cereal and Starch
83(18)
Exercise 1: Separation of Starch Granules
84(1)
Exercise 2: Properties of Wheat and Cornstarch
85(2)
Exercise 3: Effect of Sugar and Acid on Gelatinization
87(1)
Exercise 4: Application of Principles to Starch-Thickened Products
88(2)
Exercise 5: Preparing Cereal Products
90(1)
Cooking Directions for Cereals/Grain Products
91(1)
Cereal Recipes
92(4)
Summary Questions-Cereal and Starch
96(4)
Dietitian's Note
100(1)
C Fruits and Vegetables
101(26)
Exercise 1: Properties of Parenchyma Cells
102(2)
A Components of Parenchyma Cell
102(1)
B Recrisping Succulents
103(1)
Exercise 2: Fruits
104(7)
A Enzymatic Browning
104(1)
B Effect of Sugar on Texture and Flavor of Cooked Fresh Fruit
105(1)
C Effect of Sugar on Texture and Flavor of Cooked Dried Fruit
106(1)
D Factors Affecting Anthocyanin Pigments
107(4)
Exercise 3: Cooking Vegetables
111(4)
A Effect of pH on Pigments and Texture
111(1)
B Effect of Cooking Procedure on Pigments and Flavors
112(2)
C Application of Principles to Cooking a Variety of Vegetables
114(1)
Evaluation of Vegetable Recipes
115(1)
Nutritive Value of Assigned Recipe(s)
115(1)
Vegetable Recipes
116(7)
Recipe Questions-Fruits and Vegetables
123(1)
Summary Questions-Fruits and Vegetables
124(2)
Dietitian's Note
126(1)
D Meat, Poultry, and Fish
127(20)
Exercise 1: Identification of Basic Meat Cuts
129(2)
Exercise 2: Effect of Dry and Moist Heat on Less Tender (Tough) Cuts of Meat
131(3)
A Roasts
131(2)
B Meat Patties
133(1)
Exercise 3: Evaluation of Meat, Poultry, and Fish
134(1)
Meat, Poultry, and Fish Recipes,
135(7)
Summary Questions-Meat, Poultry, and Fish
142(4)
Dietitian's Note
146(1)
E Plant Proteins
147(14)
Exercise 1: Pretreatment and Cooking Methods for Legumes
148(2)
A Pretreatment
148(1)
B Cooking Methods
149(1)
Exercise 2: Combining Plant Proteins
150(1)
Evaluation of Plant Protein Recipes
151(7)
Summary Questions-Plant Proteins
158(2)
Dietitian's Note
160(1)
F Eggs and Egg Products
161(22)
Exercise 1: Egg Quality
163(1)
Exercise 2: Coagulation of Egg Protein in Baked and Stirred Custard
164(4)
Exercise 3: Egg White Foams
168(2)
Exercise 4: Effect of Added Substances on Egg-White Foam
170(1)
Exercise 5: Effect of Cooking Intensity on Egg Protein
171(1)
Exercise 6: Characteristics of Cooked Modified Egg Mixtures
172(1)
Exercise 7: Combining Starch and Eggs as Thickeners in One Product-Souffk
173(4)
Exercise 8: Other Egg Recipes
177(1)
Summary Questions-Eggs and Egg Products
178(3)
Dietitian's Note
181(2)
G Milk and Milk Products
183(14)
Exercise 1: Comparison of Milk and Nondairy Products
184(1)
Exercise 2: Coagulation of Milk Protein
185(2)
A Addition of Acid
185(1)
B Acid Produced by Bacteria (Yogurt)
185(1)
C Enzyme Action (Rennin)
186(1)
Exercise 3: Combining Acid Foods with Milk
187(1)
Exercise 4: Comparison of Cheese Products
188(2)
Exercise 5: Effect of Heat on Natural and Processed Cheese
190(1)
Summary Questions-Milk and Milk Products
191(4)
Dietitian's Note
195(2)
H Fats and Oils
197(10)
Exercise 1: Separation and Ratio of Oil and Acid; Emulsifiers
198(1)
Exercise 2: Application of Principles to Salad Dressings
199(2)
Exercise 3: Fat-Free, Fat-Reduced, and Fat-Replaced Products
201(2)
A Calories, Cost, and Palatability of Foods with Various Fat Levels
201(1)
B Fat-Replacement Ingredient Labeling
202(1)
Exercise 4: Comparison of Dietary Fats
203(1)
Summary Questions-Fats and Oils
204(2)
Dietitian's Note
206(1)
I Sugars, Sweeteners
207(12)
Exercise 1: Methods of Initiating Crystallization
208(1)
Exercise 2: The Relationship of Sugar Concentration to Boiling Point
209(1)
Exercise 3: Effect of Temperature and Agitation on Crystal Size
210(1)
Exercise 4: Effect of Interfering Agents on Sugar Structure
211(3)
Exercise 5: Alternatives to Sugar
214(1)
Summary Questions-Sugars, Sweeteners
215(3)
Dietitian's Note
218(1)
J Batters and Dough
219(38)
Exercise 1: Measurement of Flour
221(1)
Exercise 2: Structural Properties of Wheat Flour
221(1)
Questions-Gluten
222(1)
Exercise 3: Chemical Leavening Agents
223(1)
A Ingredients of Baking Powders
223(1)
B Comparison of Speed of Reaction
224(1)
Exercise 4: Factors Affecting the Leavening Power of Yeast
224(1)
Questions-Leavening Agents
225(1)
Exercise 5: Drop Batters, Muffins
226(3)
A Effect of Manipulation
226(3)
B Effect of Different Grains
229(1)
Questions-Muffins
229(1)
Exercise 6: Soft Dough, Biscuits
230(4)
A Effect of Manipulation
232(1)
B Substituting Soda Acid for Baking Powder
233(1)
Questions-Biscuits
234(1)
Exercise 7: Pancakes, Popovers, Cream Puffs, Crepes
234(4)
A Effect of Manipulation on Gluten Development in Pancakes
234(1)
B Effect of Manipulation on Gluten Development in Popovers
235(1)
C Cream Puffs
236(1)
D Crepes
237(1)
Evaluation of Crepes
238(1)
Questions-Pancakes, Popovers, Cream Puffs, Crepes
238(1)
Exercise 8: Stiff Dough-Yeast Breads/Rolls
239(1)
Evaluation of Yeast Rolls
240(1)
Questions-Yeast Breads/Rolls
241(1)
Exercise 9: Shortened Cakes
242(1)
A Effect of Manipulation and Type of Shortening on Cake Texture
242(1)
Conventional Method of Mixing
243(1)
Dump Method of Mixing
243(1)
Evaluation of Cakes
244(1)
Questions-Cakes
244(1)
Exercise 10: Stiff Dough-Pastry
245(4)
A Effect of Different Fat Plasticities on Palatability of Pastry
245(1)
B Effect of Different Fillings on Palatability of Bottom Crust
246(3)
Questions-Pastry
249(2)
Summary Questions-Batters and Doughs
251(3)
Dietitian's Note
254(3)
Part III Heating Foods By Microwave
Microwave Cooking
257(2)
Exercise 1: Effect of Cooking Procedure on Pigments and Flavors
259(1)
Exercise 2: Fruits
259(1)
Exercise 3: Vegetables
260(2)
Exercise 4: Starch Products
262(2)
A Pasta, Rice, and Cereals
263(1)
B Flour and Cornstarch as Thickeners
263(1)
Exercise 5: Eggs
264(1)
Exercise 6: Meat, Poultry, and Fish
265(1)
Exercise 7: Batters and Dough
266(1)
Exercise 8: Reheating Baked Products
267(1)
Exercise 9: Defrosting
268(1)
Summary Questions-Microwave Cooking
268(5)
Part IV Meal Management
Meal Management
273(1)
Exercise 1: Analyzing Menus for Palatability Qualities
274(1)
Exercise 2: Economic Considerations in Menu Planning
275(1)
Exercise 3: Low-Calorie Modifications
276(1)
Exercise 4: Meal Planning
277(1)
Procedure for the Meal Preparation
277(1)
Worksheet A: Market and Equipment Order
278(2)
Worksheet B: Planning Schedule
280(1)
Worksheet C: Summary Analysis of Meal Plan
281(1)
Exercise 5: Meal Preparation
282(1)
Student Evaluation of the Prepared Meal
282(1)
Exercise 6: Restaurant Meals-Food-Ordering Practices
283(1)
Summary Questions-Meal Management
284(3)
Appendix A: Legislation Governing the Food Supply 287(8)
Appendix B: Food Guides and Dietary Guidelines 295(4)
Appendix C: Some Food Equivalents 299(2)
Appendix D: Average Serving or Portion of Foods 301(2)
Appendix E: Food Allergens 303(6)
Appendix F: Food Additives 309(4)
Appendix G: pH of Some Common Foods 313(2)
Appendix H-1: Major Bacterial Foodborne Illnesses 315(1)
Appendix H-2: Meat- and Egg-Cooking Regulations 316(3)
Appendix I: Heat Transfer 319(4)
Appendix J: Symbols for Measurements and Weights 323(2)
Appendix K: Notes on Test for Presence of Ascorbic Acid 325(2)
Appendix L-1: Cooking Terms 327(2)
Appendix L-2: Cuisine Terminology 329(6)
Appendix M: Buying Guide 335(4)
Appendix N: Spice and Herb Chart 339(2)
Appendix O: Plant Proteins 341
Dr. Vaclavik, Registered Dietitian, now retired, has taught for over 25 years at the college level in Dallas, TX. Included are nutrition students at the Dallas County Community College District; Food Science and Management Undergraduates and Graduate students at The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Clinical Nutrition Department; and culinary students at The International Culinary School at The Art Institute of Dallas. Dr. V. is a graduate of Cornell University where she studied Human Nutrition and Food, Purdue University majoring in Restaurant, Hotel, Institution Management, and Texas Womans University studying Institution Management and Food Science.



She has been the Author of Dimensions of Food since its 3rd edition (of 8 editions now, and for the original version when she was a student worker in college.) She also wrote Essentials of Food Science, now in its fourth edition with 2 foreign translations. Dr. Vaclavik authored The Art of Nutritional Cuisine, a lecture and cooking textbook for student chefs, with Amy Haynes. Personally, she really likes passing on what she knows and enjoys. Prior to teaching and writing, Dr. Vaclavik has worked in various foodservice operations including hotel restaurants, meals-on-wheels and more.



Happy, healthy cooking!









Amy Haynes is a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) who has been an educator in the science of nutrition and its application in food preparation for the past 17 years. Amy is a graduate of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas, Texas, where she studied clinical nutrition. Her passion to educate others with her knowledge of nutrition and healthful food preparation lead her into the field of culinary arts as an instructor at the International Culinary School at the Art Institute of Dallas, where she taught nutritional cooking, food safety and sanitation, and vegetarian cuisine for 12 years. During that time, Amy sought other opportunities to promote healthier living with experiences including professional speaking in various settings, teaching kids cooking classes, and being featured as "guest chef" at the renowned Hilton Head Health Institute in South Carolina. The chance to educate and inspire future chefs and foodservice professionals expanded into writing as she co-authored a text alongside Vickie A. Vaclavik, PhD, RD, entitled The Art of Nutritional Cuisine, published in 2013, which is currently used in culinary classrooms across the country.



Amys latest endeavor has broadened her scope of influence into outlying Dallas areas working for the community outreach division of Medical City Healthcare and Medical City Childrens Hospital and their nationally recognized Kids Teaching Kids program. Amys mission to herald her message of applying sound nutritional principles to all aspects of food selection and food preparation continues to spread and is strong as ever!









Marjorie M. Devine, Ph.D.



Professor Emeritus. Department Head, Retired. New York State College of Human Ecology. Cornell University. Human Nutrition and Foods. Ithaca, New York. Original author of Dimensions of Food.



Many people have contributed to the development of this manual. Special acknowledgments are extended to our colleagues for their careful review of parts of the manuscript and to our many teaching assistants for their helpful contributions. To our students, whose curiosity and penetrating questions continue to make teaching the dimensions of food a joyful challenge, we say, thank you!