Acknowledgements |
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xix | |
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1 | (20) |
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1.1 What this book is about |
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1 | (3) |
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1.1.1 What are resultatives |
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1 | (1) |
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1.1.2 Two questions raised by resultatives with non-subcategorized objects |
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2 | (2) |
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1.2 How resultatives have been analyzed in Generative Grammar |
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4 | (3) |
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1.2.1 Small clause analysis |
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4 | (2) |
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1.2.2 Lexical rule approach |
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6 | (1) |
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1.3 How resultatives have been analyzed in Construction Grammar |
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7 | (7) |
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7 | (3) |
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10 | (4) |
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14 | (1) |
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1.4 The analysis to be proposed in this book |
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14 | (5) |
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1.4.1 How to answer the two questions |
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14 | (2) |
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1.4.2 A lexical-constructional approach |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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1.5 Organization of the book |
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19 | (2) |
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PART I A force-recipient account |
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21 | (48) |
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Chapter 2 The status of the post-verbal NP |
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23 | (24) |
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2.0 Introduction to Part I |
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23 | (1) |
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2.1 Toward the constructional meaning of resultatives |
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23 | (8) |
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2.1.1 Boas (2003) once again |
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23 | (1) |
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2.1.2 Three possible paraphrases |
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24 | (2) |
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2.1.3 Problems with the first and second approaches |
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26 | (3) |
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2.1.4 Force-recipient account |
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29 | (2) |
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2.2 How force is transmitted |
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31 | (3) |
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2.2.1 Wipe the crumbs off the table |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (2) |
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2.3 Further illustrations of virtual actions |
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34 | (10) |
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2.3.1 Push oneself to one's feet |
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34 | (3) |
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2.3.2 Laugh -- off the stage |
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37 | (3) |
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40 | (4) |
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44 | (2) |
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46 | (1) |
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Chapter 3 Force transmission as essential to resultatives |
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47 | (22) |
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47 | (1) |
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3.1 Subcategorized object cases |
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47 | (5) |
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3.1.1 Post-verbal NP as force-recipient |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (3) |
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3.2 Verbal force as relativized to the result state |
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52 | (4) |
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3.3 Non-subcategorized object cases again |
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56 | (9) |
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3.3.1 So-called "unaccusative/unergative" distinction |
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56 | (4) |
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3.3.2 Types of force, not types of participant roles |
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60 | (5) |
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3.4 Intransitive resultatives based on intransitive verbs |
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65 | (3) |
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68 | (1) |
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PART II So-called idiomatic cases |
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69 | (62) |
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Chapter 4 He laughed his head off |
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71 | (28) |
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4.0 Introduction to Part II |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (6) |
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4.1.1 Why does his head move off? |
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72 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Force dynamics of `V one's head off' |
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73 | (1) |
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4.1.3 Network of `V one's head off' |
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74 | (4) |
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4.2 Two layers of meaning |
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78 | (5) |
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4.3 Other related constructions |
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83 | (12) |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (3) |
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88 | (3) |
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91 | (1) |
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4.3.5 V one's socks off and V one's butt off |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (4) |
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Chapter 5 They beat the hell out of me |
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99 | (32) |
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99 | (2) |
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5.1 A construction which beat the hell out of is related to |
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101 | (3) |
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101 | (1) |
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5.1.2 `Beat -- out of' construction |
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102 | (2) |
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5.2 Five types of beat -- out of |
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104 | (7) |
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5.2.1 `Content coming out of a container' type |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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5.2.3 `Get by coercion' type |
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106 | (2) |
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5.2.4 `Physiological effect' type and `emotional effect' type |
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108 | (1) |
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5.2.5 What the three schemas tell us |
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109 | (2) |
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5.3 From beat the hell out of to `V the hell out of' |
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111 | (7) |
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5.3.1 Beat the hell out of as the `emotional effect' type |
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111 | (1) |
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5.3.2 From literal meaning to intensifier meaning |
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112 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Polysemy network of `V the hell out of' |
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112 | (5) |
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117 | (1) |
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5.4 `V the shit out of' and `V the daylights out of' |
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118 | (4) |
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5.4.1 Which types do beat the shit out of and beat the daylights out of belong to? |
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118 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Polysemous networks of `V the daylights out of' and `V the shit out of' |
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119 | (3) |
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5.5 Possible origins of `V -- out of' idioms |
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122 | (1) |
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5.5.1 Beat the devil out of |
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122 | (1) |
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5.5.2 Beat the stuffing out of |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (3) |
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5.7 Two types of complement alternation |
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126 | (3) |
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5.7.1 To death and shitless |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (2) |
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PART III Resultatives and domains |
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131 | (58) |
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Chapter 6 Resultatives with verbs of eating and drinking I |
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133 | (24) |
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6.0 Introduction to Part III |
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133 | (2) |
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6.1 How to analyze resultatives with eat and drink |
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135 | (8) |
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135 | (2) |
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6.1.2 More on the three phases |
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137 | (1) |
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6.1.3 Complex causal chains for eat |
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138 | (2) |
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6.1.4 Eat -- clean and eat oneself full |
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140 | (3) |
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143 | (4) |
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6.2.1 Eat themselves out of a food supply |
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143 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Eat oneself to death |
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144 | (3) |
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147 | (6) |
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6.3.1 Drink oneself beautiful |
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147 | (3) |
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6.3.2 Drink oneself silly |
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150 | (2) |
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6.3.3 Drink oneself to death |
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152 | (1) |
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6.4 Result states as relativized to the domains |
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153 | (3) |
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6.5 Summary and conclusion |
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156 | (1) |
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Chapter 7 Resultatives with verbs of eating and drinking II |
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157 | (14) |
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157 | (1) |
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7.1 Eat -- out of house and home |
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157 | (6) |
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7.1.1 The caribou eat themselves out of house and home |
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157 | (3) |
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7.1.2 He ate me out of house and home |
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160 | (3) |
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7.2 Drink -- under the table |
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163 | (6) |
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7.2.1 Two domains involved |
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163 | (3) |
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7.2.2 The "beating" sense as primary |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Chapter 8 He laughed himself silly |
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171 | (18) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (7) |
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171 | (1) |
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8.1.2 What does it mean to become "silly" as a result of laughing? |
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172 | (3) |
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8.1.3 Short-lived result state |
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175 | (1) |
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8.1.4 Other instances of `V oneself silly' |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (4) |
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182 | (4) |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (2) |
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PART IV `Change verb' resultatives and how to accommodate them |
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189 | (68) |
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Chapter 9 `Change verb' resultatives |
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191 | (20) |
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9.0 Introduction to Part IV |
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191 | (1) |
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9.1 Weak resultatives and spurious resultatives |
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191 | (5) |
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9.1.1 Pustejovsky (1991a) |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (1) |
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9.1.3 Further characteristics of `change verb' resultatives |
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194 | (2) |
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9.2 How change verb' resultatives are to be analyzed |
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196 | (4) |
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9.2.1 What is the host of predication? |
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196 | (1) |
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9.2.2 Unifying `change verb' resultatives with ordinary resultatives |
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197 | (3) |
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9.3 Resultative caused-motion counterparts |
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200 | (4) |
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9.3.1 Break the egg into the pan |
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200 | (2) |
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9.3.2 Empty the tank into the sink |
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202 | (2) |
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9.4 Still another issue raised by `change verb' resultatives |
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204 | (6) |
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9.4.1 Result phrase-addition analysis |
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204 | (2) |
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9.4.2 Result phrase construction |
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206 | (2) |
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208 | (2) |
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210 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 What are spurious resultatives? |
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211 | (28) |
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211 | (1) |
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10.1 Putative characteristics of spurious resultatives |
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211 | (2) |
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213 | (8) |
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10.2.1 Adverbs that refer to a theme entity |
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213 | (2) |
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10.2.2 Spread -- thinly, cut -- thinly |
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215 | (2) |
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10.2.3 The distinction between thin and thinly |
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217 | (4) |
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10.3 Tight/tightly and loose/loosely |
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221 | (16) |
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10.3.1 When the alternation is really possible |
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221 | (5) |
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10.3.2 What does it mean to be tight? |
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226 | (3) |
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10.3.3 Pull -- tight vs. pull -- tightly |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (6) |
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237 | (2) |
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Chapter 11 Resultatives with open/shut |
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239 | (18) |
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239 | (1) |
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11.1 How a door becomes open/shut |
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240 | (7) |
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11.1.1 Resultative caused-motion? |
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240 | (1) |
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11.1.2 Co-occurrence of motion and change of state |
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241 | (3) |
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11.1.3 Internalized translational motion |
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244 | (2) |
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11.1.4 Co-extensiveness between change of state and internalized translational motion |
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246 | (1) |
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11.2 Three types of open/shut expressions |
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247 | (4) |
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247 | (2) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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11.3 What the existence of the three types tells us |
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251 | (3) |
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11.3.1 Washio's (1997) three types again |
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251 | (1) |
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11.3.2 Why open may appear in all the three types of resultatives |
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252 | (1) |
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11.3.3 A unified analysis under the force-recipient account |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (2) |
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PART V On the result component |
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257 | (70) |
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Chapter 12 To result phrases vs. into result phrases |
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259 | (28) |
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12.0 Introduction to Part V |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (4) |
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260 | (3) |
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12.1.2 Other similar cases |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (4) |
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12.2.1 Endpoint of a path |
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264 | (4) |
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268 | (1) |
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268 | (2) |
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12.4 To pieces vs. into pieces |
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270 | (10) |
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270 | (5) |
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12.4.2 Different aspects of becoming "pieces" |
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275 | (4) |
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12.4.3 Other expressions for decomposition |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (4) |
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280 | (1) |
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12.5.2 Parallel with spatial paths |
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281 | (3) |
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284 | (3) |
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Chapter 13 Adjectival result phrases vs. prepositional result phrases |
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287 | (22) |
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287 | (1) |
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287 | (5) |
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13.1.1 A matter of conventionalization? |
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287 | (2) |
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13.1.2 Tsuzuki (2003a, 2003b) |
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289 | (1) |
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13.1.3 Problems with Tsuzuki (2003a, 2003b) |
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290 | (2) |
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13.2 The difference between an AP and a to-PP |
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292 | (7) |
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13.2.1 Aspectual integration of the verbal event and the change of state |
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292 | (4) |
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296 | (1) |
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13.2.3 `To-PP only' cases |
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297 | (1) |
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13.2.4 Shoot -- dead vs. shoot -- to death |
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298 | (1) |
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13.3 Differences between APs, to-PPs, and into-PPs |
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299 | (4) |
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299 | (3) |
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302 | (1) |
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13.4 How the choice of result phrases is really to be accounted for |
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303 | (2) |
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13.4.1 Tsuzuki's (2003a, 2003b) proposal once again |
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303 | (1) |
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13.4.2 Verspoor's (1997) data once again |
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304 | (1) |
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13.5 Implications for the force-recipient account |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (2) |
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Chapter 14 Consequences of the AP/PP distinction |
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309 | (18) |
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309 | (1) |
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14.1 Aspectual constraint |
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309 | (6) |
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14.1.1 Immediate result or not? |
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309 | (2) |
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14.1.2 APs and PPs behave differently |
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311 | (2) |
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14.1.3 Prepositional result phrases vs. path result phrases |
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313 | (2) |
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14.2 She cried herself to sleep |
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315 | (10) |
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14.2.1 Enabling causation |
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315 | (1) |
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14.2.2 How to enable someone to sleep |
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316 | (3) |
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14.2.3 How to enable oneself to sleep |
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319 | (5) |
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14.2.4 Enabling causation in force dynamics |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (2) |
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PART VI Still further issues surrounding adjectival result phrases |
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327 | (56) |
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Chapter 15 Maximal end-point constraint reconsidered |
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329 | (16) |
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15.0 Introduction to Part VI |
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329 | (1) |
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15.1 Wechsler (2005a, 2005b) |
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329 | (3) |
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332 | (3) |
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335 | (6) |
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15.3.1 Wechsler (2012, 2015) |
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335 | (2) |
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15.3.2 The "well-behaved" data as an illusion |
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337 | (4) |
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15.4 What is wrong with the maximal end-point constraint? |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (3) |
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Chapter 16 Selectional restrictions on adjectival result phrases |
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345 | (16) |
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345 | (1) |
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16.1 Subcategorized object cases |
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345 | (5) |
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16.1.1 How the result state is brought about |
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345 | (2) |
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16.1.2 Not a direct result but a consequence |
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347 | (3) |
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350 | (6) |
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16.2.1 The wiping force once again |
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350 | (3) |
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16.2.2 When and why wipe -- wet is possible |
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353 | (3) |
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356 | (4) |
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16.3.1 Goldberg (1995), Vanden Wyngaerd (2001) |
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356 | (2) |
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16.3.2 Where the apparent delimited endpoint comes from |
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358 | (2) |
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360 | (1) |
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Chapter 17 Temporal dependence reconsidered |
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361 | (22) |
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361 | (1) |
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17.1 Rappaport Hovav & Levin (2001) |
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362 | (3) |
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17.1.1 Two types of resultatives |
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362 | (1) |
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17.1.2 Temporal coextensiveness |
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363 | (2) |
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17.2 Temporal dependence is only part of the story |
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365 | (6) |
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17.2.1 Problems with Rappaport Hovav & Levin (2001) |
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365 | (2) |
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17.2.2 The real difference between wriggle free and wriggle oneself free |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (1) |
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17.2.4 When the subevents are temporally co-extensive |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (10) |
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17.3.1 Integrating force-dynamic and aspectual representations of event structure |
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371 | (3) |
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17.3.2 Modifications needed |
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374 | (7) |
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381 | (2) |
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PART VII Resultatives that are not based on force-transmission |
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383 | (46) |
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Chapter 18 Princess Anne rides to victory |
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385 | (26) |
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18.0 Introduction to Part VII |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (4) |
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18.1.1 Direct Object Restriction |
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385 | (1) |
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18.1.2 Violation of the Direct Object Restriction |
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386 | (2) |
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18.1.3 Apparent puzzle of to victory |
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388 | (1) |
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18.2 To victory as a goal-achieving path |
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389 | (7) |
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18.2.1 Why the Direct Object Restriction holds |
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389 | (1) |
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18.2.2 Goal-like characteristics |
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390 | (1) |
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18.2.3 Change of state that is based on a metaphor |
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391 | (3) |
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18.2.4 Caused motion vs. simple motion |
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394 | (2) |
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18.3 Further instances of changes of state effected by metaphorical changes of location |
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396 | (7) |
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396 | (3) |
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399 | (4) |
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18.4 Changes of state which are effected by physical changes of location |
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403 | (6) |
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18.4.1 To safety and to freedom |
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403 | (3) |
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406 | (3) |
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409 | (2) |
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Chapter 19 Resultatives with free |
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411 | (18) |
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411 | (1) |
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19.1 Does free denote an endpoint? |
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411 | (3) |
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19.1.1 `Free as expressing an endpoint' thesis |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (2) |
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414 | (7) |
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19.2.1 How to cause something to become free |
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414 | (2) |
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19.2.2 Free vs. to freedom |
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416 | (2) |
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19.2.3 Resultatives based on self-initiated force |
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418 | (3) |
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421 | (7) |
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421 | (2) |
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423 | (3) |
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19.3.3 Cut -- free as a `change verb' resultative |
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426 | (1) |
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19.3.4 Putative restriction |
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427 | (1) |
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428 | (1) |
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PART VIII Putative resultatives |
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429 | (56) |
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Chapter 20 Follow and disappear |
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431 | (20) |
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431 | (1) |
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20.1 Follow him out of the room |
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431 | (6) |
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20.1.1 Another apparent counter-example to the Direct Object Restriction |
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431 | (1) |
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20.1.2 Follow as a motion verb |
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432 | (1) |
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20.1.3 Further-specifying path PPs |
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433 | (4) |
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437 | (5) |
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20.2.1 Rappaport Hovav & Levin (2001) |
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437 | (2) |
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20.2.2 Goldberg & Jackendoff (2004) |
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439 | (3) |
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20.3 Disappear down the road |
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442 | (7) |
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20.3.1 Goldberg & Jackendoff (2004) |
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442 | (1) |
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20.3.2 Disappear as a motion verb |
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443 | (2) |
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20.3.3 How to become invisible |
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445 | (2) |
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20.3.4 Whose visual field? |
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447 | (2) |
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449 | (2) |
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Chapter 21 Verbs of sound emission followed by a path PP |
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451 | (26) |
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451 | (1) |
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451 | (4) |
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21.1.1 Levin & Rappaport Hovav (1995, 96, 99) |
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451 | (1) |
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21.1.2 Goldberg & Jackendoff (2004) |
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452 | (1) |
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21.1.3 Meaning shift or construction? |
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453 | (2) |
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21.2 `Motion-describing' type |
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455 | (6) |
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21.2.1 Parallel between manner and sound |
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455 | (3) |
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458 | (3) |
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21.3 `Motion-induced' type |
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461 | (3) |
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21.3.1 Two types of sound emission |
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461 | (2) |
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21.3.2 Motion-describing' type vs. `motion-induced' type |
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463 | (1) |
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21.4 More on the distinction |
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464 | (3) |
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21.5 Where there is a sound, there should be a motion |
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467 | (1) |
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21.6 Verbs of sound emission followed by open/shut |
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468 | (7) |
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21.6.1 Levin & Rappaport Hovav (1995) |
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468 | (1) |
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21.6.2 A fundamental problem |
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469 | (1) |
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21.6.3 The sound-emission event as describing an internalized translational motion |
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470 | (3) |
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21.6.4 Functional open once again |
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473 | (2) |
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475 | (2) |
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Chapter 22 Reconsidering the parallel between change of state and change of location |
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477 | (8) |
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477 | (1) |
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22.1 Putative parallel between change of state and change of location |
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478 | (2) |
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478 | (1) |
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22.1.2 Intransitive cases |
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478 | (2) |
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480 | (1) |
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22.3 Resultatives that are based on motion |
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481 | (1) |
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482 | (1) |
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483 | (2) |
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PART IX Still another putative constraint |
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485 | (46) |
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Chapter 23 Unique path constraint reconsidered |
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487 | (14) |
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487 | (1) |
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23.1 Unique path constraint |
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487 | (4) |
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23.1.1 Goldberg (1991a, 1995) |
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487 | (1) |
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23.1.2 Adjectival result phrases do not denote paths |
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488 | (3) |
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23.2 Why adjectival result phrases do not co-occur with path PPs |
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491 | (6) |
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23.2.1 Co-occurrence of more than one result phrase |
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491 | (2) |
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23.2.2 No special constraint is necessary |
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493 | (4) |
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23.3 Still another distinction that has been overlooked |
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497 | (3) |
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23.3.1 Why motion verbs do not co-occur with result phrases |
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497 | (1) |
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23.3.2 Resultatives based on motion once again |
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498 | (2) |
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500 | (1) |
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Chapter 24 To one's death |
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501 | (10) |
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24.1 Another instance of resultative based on motion? |
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501 | (4) |
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24.2 Why to one's death means what it does |
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505 | (2) |
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24.3 Contextual modulation |
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507 | (2) |
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509 | (2) |
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Chapter 25 Summary and conclusion |
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511 | (20) |
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25.1 Resultative constructions under a force-recipient account |
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511 | (4) |
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25.2 Answers to the two questions |
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515 | (7) |
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25.2.1 Answer to the first question |
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515 | (3) |
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25.2.2 Answer to the second question |
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518 | (4) |
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25.3 How to arrived the observed syntax |
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522 | (4) |
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25.4 Cross-linguistic differences |
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526 | (2) |
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528 | (3) |
References |
|
531 | (14) |
Index of constructions |
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545 | (2) |
Subject index |
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547 | |