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Jus Post Bellum: Mapping the Normative Foundations [Kõva köide]

Edited by (Researcher, Leiden University), Edited by (Professor of International Criminal Law and Global Justice, Leiden University), Edited by (Researcher, Leiden University)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 600 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 254x182x39 mm, kaal: 1206 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Feb-2014
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199685894
  • ISBN-13: 9780199685899
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    • Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatud
  • Formaat: Hardback, 600 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 254x182x39 mm, kaal: 1206 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Feb-2014
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199685894
  • ISBN-13: 9780199685899
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.

The successful transition from armed conflict to peace is one of the greatest challenges of contemporary warfare. The laws and principles governing transitions from conflict to peace (jus post bellum) have only recently gained attention in legal scholarship. There are three key questions concerning the core of jus post bellum: the law ('jus'), the temporal aspect ('post'), and different types of armed conflict ('bellum') involved. This book explores the different legal meanings and components of the concept, including its implications in contemporary politics and practice.

The book provides a detailed understanding of the development and nature of jus post bellum as a concept, including its foundations, criticisms, and relationship to related concepts (such as transitional justice, and the responsibility to protect). It investigates the relationship of the concept to jus ad bellum and jus in bello, and its relevance in internal armed conflicts and peacebuilding. There are significant problems brought about in relation to the ending of conflict, including indicators for the end of conflict, exit strategies, and institutional responses, which are also assessed. The book identifies the key components of a 'jus', drawing on disparate bodies and sources of international law such as peace agreements, treaty law, self-determination, norms governing peace operations and the status of foreign armed forces, environmental law, human rights, and amnesty law.

Taking into account perspectives from multiple disciplines, the book is important reading for scholars, practitioners, and students across many fields, including peace and conflict studies, international relations, and international humanitarian law.
Table of Cases
xix
Table of Authorities
xxiii
List of Abbreviations
xxix
List of Contributors
xxxiii
Exploring the Normative Foundations of Jus Post Bellum: An Introduction
1(1)
Jennifer S. Easterday
Jens Iverson
Carsten Stahn
I Perspectives on Jus Post Bellum
1(2)
II Definitions
3(2)
III Themes
5(5)
IV Conclusion
10(5)
PART 1 FOUNDATION AND CONCEPTIONS OF JUS POST BELLUM
I Foundation, Concept, and Function
1 Jus Post Bellum, Grotius, and Meionexia
15(11)
Larry May
I Historical Roots of Jus Post Bellum Principles
16(3)
II Meionexia and Post Bellum Justice
19(4)
III A Brief Note on the Question: Is Jus Post Bellum Binding Law?
23(1)
IV Transitional Justice and Jus Post Bellum
24(2)
2 At War's End: Time to Turn to Jus Post Bellum?
26(17)
Mark Evans
I Towards a Conceptual Toolkit for Jus Post Bellum
26(2)
II What Might We Mean by "Justice"?
28(4)
III Jus Post Bellum and the Pursuit of a Just Peace
32(4)
IV Prematurely Ending a Just War Justly?
36(4)
V What Does it Matter if We Call it "Justice"?
40(3)
3 Jus Post Bellum as a Partly Independent Legal Framework
43(15)
Dieter Fleck
I Introduction
43(1)
II Typical Rules of Jus Post Bellum
44(7)
III Gaps in Legal Regulation
51(2)
IV A Tentative Look at the Nature of Jus Post Bellum Rules
53(3)
V Conclusions
56(2)
4 Jus Post Bellum: An Interpretive Framework
58(22)
James Gallen
I Introduction
58(2)
II The Role of Jus Post Bellum: Three Dimensions of Evaluation
60(5)
III Why a Unified Framework? Interdependence in Transitions
65(3)
IV Jus Post Bellum as the Application of Integrity
68(3)
V Principles of Integrity as Jus Post Bellum
71(8)
VI Conclusion
79(1)
II Jus Post Bellum and Related Concepts
5 Contrasting the Normative and Historical Foundations of Transitional Justice and Jus Post Bellum: Outlining the Matrix of Definitions in Comparative Perspective
80(22)
Jens Iverson
I Introduction
80(1)
II The Grotian Tradition
81(4)
III Basic Definitions
85(1)
IV Legal Contrast
86(1)
V Contrasting the Content of Transitional Justice and Jus Post Bellum
87(8)
VI Specific to Global Contrast
95(2)
VII Historical Foundations
97(2)
VIII Current Usage
99(1)
IX Going Forward---Continuing the Grotian Tradition
100(2)
6 R2P and Jus Post Bellum: Towards a Polycentric Approach
102(21)
Carsten Stahn
I Introduction
102(3)
II Context
105(2)
III The Relationship Between R2P and Jus Post Bellum: Contemporary Notions and Narratives
107(3)
IV Towards a Polycentric Vision
110(11)
V Conclusion
121(2)
III Jus Post Bellum and Its Discontents
7 The Concept of Jus Post Bellum in International Law: A Normative Critique
123(19)
Eric De Brabandere
I Introduction
123(2)
II Normative Propositions of Contemporary Jus Post Bellum Theories
125(3)
III Jus Post Bellum in International Law: A Critical Appraisal
128(12)
IV Conclusion
140(2)
8 Waging Peace: Ambiguities, Contradictions, and Problems of a Jus Post Bellum Legal Framework
142(19)
Roxana Vatanparast
I Introduction
142(1)
II What Is Jus Post Bellum?
143(2)
III Ambiguities Regarding the Temporal Applicability of Jus Post Bellum
145(6)
IV Contradictions and Problems
151(8)
V Conclusion
159(2)
9 The Compatibility of Justice for Women with Jus Post Bellum Analysis
161(20)
Fionnuala Ni Aolain
Dina Francesca Haynes
I Introduction
161(1)
II Utilizing the Post-Conflict Temporal Period to Advance Women's Interests and Positioning
162(8)
III What Work Does Jus Post Bellum Do in Post-Conflict Settings?
170(2)
IV Current International Legal Responses to the Gender Dimensions of Conflict and Post-Conflict Processes
172(2)
V What Jus Post Bellum Might Add
174(2)
VI Conclusion
176(5)
PART 2 RECONCEPTUALIZING "BELLUM" AND "PAX"
10 Of Jus Post Bellum and Lex Pacificatoria: What's in a Name?
181(26)
Christine Bell
I Introduction
181(1)
II Pushing International Law's Boundaries: Negotiating Peace Settlements
182(11)
III From Lex Pacificatoria to Jus Post Bellum?
193(8)
IV Situating Jus Post Bellum within Wider Discussions of International Laws Future Directions
201(3)
V Conclusion
204(3)
11 The Gentle Modernizer of the Law of Armed Conflict?
207(22)
Inger Osterdahl
I Introduction
207(3)
II More or Less Difficult to Intervene?
210(4)
III Is Jus Ad Bellum Increasingly Obsolete?
214(1)
IV Beefing Up or Breaking Down Jus In Bello?
215(4)
V What is the Modernization so Far?
219(2)
VI New Organizing Principles for the Law of Armed Conflict?
221(3)
VII Conclusion: New Just War?
224(5)
12 Navigating the Unilateral/Multilateral Divide
229(30)
Gregory H. Fox
I Introduction
229(2)
II Proposition I: Existing Legal Regimes Applicable to the Post-Conflict Period are Almost Exclusively State-Centric
231(9)
III Proposition II: The Security Council Can Alter These State-Centric Rules in Important Ways
240(3)
IV Proposition III: The International Community has Effectively Multilateralized the Post-Conflict Period
243(1)
V Which Direction for a Jus Post Bellum?
244(1)
VI An Alternative Path?
245(3)
VII Consequences of a Unified Jus Post Bellum
248(8)
VIII Conclusions
256(3)
13 The Application of Jus Post Bellum in Non-International Armed Conflicts
259(10)
Kristen E. Boon
I Introduction
259(1)
II International vs. Non-International Armed Conflicts: What is the Difference?
260(2)
III Minimizing the Distinction between International and Non-International Armed Conflict and Implications for Jus Post Bellum
262(3)
IV Limitations to Jus Post Bellum in Situations of NIAC
265(3)
V Conclusion
268(1)
14 Post-War States: Differentiating Patterns of Peace
269(18)
Astri Suhrke
I Introduction
269(1)
II The International Peacebuilding Regime
270(2)
III Implications for Norms and Practice
272(3)
IV Post-War States
275(8)
V Conclusions
283(4)
PART 3 DILEMMAS OF THE "POST"
I Dilemmas of Classification
15 Towards a Functional Conceptualization of the Temporal Scope of Jus Post Bellum
287(10)
Jann K. Kleffner
I Introduction
287(1)
II The Beginning of Applicability
287(6)
III The End of Applicability
293(2)
IV Towards a Functional Conceptualization of the Temporal Scope of Jus Post Bellum
295(2)
16 From Jus In Bello to Jus Post Bellum: When do Non-International Armed Conflicts End?
297(18)
Rogier Bartels
I Introduction
297(3)
II Is There Guidance to be Found in (Case) Law?
300(3)
III Using the Lower Threshold Criteria
303(6)
IV Relevance of the Factors and Indicators for Determining the End of a NIAC
309(3)
V Challenges in Applying the Threshold Criteria
312(2)
VI Concluding Remarks
314(1)
II Institutional Dilemmas and Strategies
17 Conflict Termination from a Human Rights Perspective: State Transitions, Power-Sharing, and the Definition of the "Post"
315(19)
Martin Wahlisch
I Introduction
315(2)
II Conceptual Challenges
317(7)
III Case Studies
324(6)
IV Conclusion: Acknowledging the Sum of Endpoints
330(4)
18 Jus Post Bellum and the Politics of Exit
334(12)
Dominik Zaum
I Introduction
334(3)
II The Evolution of Exit Debates and Practices
337(2)
III Jus Post Bellum and Exit Mechanisms
339(3)
IV The Timing of Exit
342(2)
V Conclusion
344(2)
19 Facilitating Post-Conflict Reconstruction: Is the UN Peacebuilding Commission Successfully Filling an Institutional Gap or Marking a Missed Opportunity?
346(33)
Freya Baetens
I Introduction
346(1)
II Legal and Operative Framework of the Peacebuilding Commission
347(10)
III Reviewing the 2010 Review Report
357(15)
IV Conclusion
372(7)
PART 4 THE "JUS" IN JUS POST BELLUM
20 Peace Agreements as a Framework for Jus Post Bellum
379(37)
Jennifer S. Easterday
I Introduction
379(1)
II Towards a Broad Conception of Jus Post Bellum
380(6)
III Constitutional Peace Agreements as a Framework for Jus Post Bellum
386(20)
IV Gaps and Risks
406(6)
V Constitutional Peace Agreements and Jus Post Bellum
412(4)
21 Targeting the State in Jus Post Bellum: Towards a Theory of Integrated Sovereignties
416(12)
Dov Jacobs
I Introduction
416(1)
II Sovereignty, International Law, and Jus Post Bellum
417(4)
III Contextualizing and Conceptualizing Sovereignty
421(4)
IV Conclusion: From Sovereignty to Integrated Sovereignties
425(3)
22 Post-Occupation Law
428(19)
Yael Ronen
I Introduction
428(1)
II The Phenomenon of Dependence on a Former Occupant
429(2)
III The Role of Post-Occupation Law
431(2)
IV Sources for Post-Occupation Law
433(12)
V Concluding Observations
445(2)
23 Creating Popular Governments in Post-Conflict Situations: The Role of International Law
447(20)
Matthew Saul
I Introduction
447(2)
II The Value and Complexity of Popular Governance in the Aftermath of War
449(3)
III International Legal Regulation of the Development of a Popular Mandate for Governance
452(8)
IV The Practice of Developing a Popular Mandate for Governance in Sierra Leone
460(4)
V Conclusion
464(3)
24 The Status of Foreign Armed Forces Deployed in Post-Conflict Environments: A Search for Basic Principles
467(35)
Aurel Sari
I Introduction
467(2)
II The Status of Foreign Forces: No Self-Contained Regime
469(6)
III General Principles
475(6)
IV The Principles of Jus Post Bellum
481(3)
V Presence and Status under Jus Post Bellum
484(8)
VI Balancing Competing Interests under Jus Post Bellum
492(7)
VII Conclusion
499(3)
25 The Norm of Environmental Integrity in Post-Conflict Legal Regimes
502(17)
Cymie R. Payne
I Introduction
502(3)
II Environmental Integrity
505(8)
III Jus Post Bellum and Environmental Integrity
513(5)
IV Conclusion
518(1)
26 Should Rebels Be Amnestied?
519(23)
Frederic Megret
I Introduction
519(2)
II The Ambiguities of the Humanitarian Law of Amnesty in Non-International Armed Conflict
521(2)
III Amnesties in Non-International Armed Conflict: A Brief Critique
523(2)
IV Non-Humanitarian Foundations for Amnesties
525(2)
V The Weakness of Humanitarian Foundations for Amnesties
527(2)
VI The Foundation of the Privilege of Belligerency in International Armed Conflict
529(4)
VII Extending the Privilege of Belligerency to Rebels by Analogy?
533(1)
VIII The Problem With the Privilege of Belligerency in an Age of Jus Contra Bellum
534(1)
IX Amnesties and the Possibility of a Non-State Jus Ad Bellum
535(2)
X Just Rebellion?
537(2)
XI Conclusion
539(3)
Epilogue: Jus Post Bellum---Strategic Analysis and Future Directions
542(13)
Jens Iverson
Jennifer S. Easterday
Carsten Stahn
I Introduction
542(2)
II Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats
544(9)
III Conclusion: Advancing the Concept in Scholarship and Practice
553(2)
Index 555
Carsten Stahn is Professor of International Criminal Law and Global Justice at Leiden University and Program Director of the Grotius Centre. He is the author of The Law and Practice of International Territorial Administration: Versailles to Iraq and Beyond. He has published articles on international criminal law and transitional justice in leading international journals (American Journal of International Law, European Journal of International Law, Journal of International Criminal Justice, Harvard International Law Journal), and edited several collections of essays in the field.

Jennifer Easterday is a Researcher for the 'Jus Post Bellum' project. She is also an international justice consultant and a Trial Monitor for the Open Society Justice Initiative. She previously worked for International Criminal Law Services, an NGO based in The Hague, on a variety of international criminal law capacity-building projects in domestic jurisdictions in the former Yugoslavia and Africa. She has also worked as a Senior Researcher and Trial Monitor for the UC Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center, researching and monitoring the Special Court for Sierra Leone trial of Charles Taylor. She has experience at the ICTY and with other international criminal law and human rights NGOs in the United States and Latin America. She received her Juris Doctor from the University of California, Berkeley School of Law and is a member of the California State Bar.

Jens Iverson is a Researcher for the 'Jus Post Bellum' project and an attorney specializing in public international law. A member of the California Bar, the Thurston Society, and the Order of the Coif, he received his Juris Doctor cum laude from the University of California, Hastings, and his Bachelor of Arts from Yale University. He has worked with the Cambodian Genocide Program, the Documentation Centre of Cambodia, and the Coalition for the International Criminal Court. As the co-founder of a human rights clinic, he helped represent the former Prime Minister of Haiti in a successful petition to the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights that ultimately resulted in a landmark ruling requiring Haitian prison reform. He has practiced at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia on both the Popovic et al and Prlic et al cases.