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Language and Characterisation: People in Plays and Other Texts [Pehme köide]

(Lancaster University, UK)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 344 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 580 g
  • Sari: Textual Explorations
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Jun-2001
  • Kirjastus: Longman
  • ISBN-10: 0582357535
  • ISBN-13: 9780582357532
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 344 pages, kõrgus x laius: 234x156 mm, kaal: 580 g
  • Sari: Textual Explorations
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Jun-2001
  • Kirjastus: Longman
  • ISBN-10: 0582357535
  • ISBN-13: 9780582357532
Teised raamatud teemal:

How do we construct an image of the characters we read about? Drawing together theories from linguistics, social cognition and literary stylistics, this is the first book-length study to focus on the role of language and characterisation in the dialogue of play texts. Containing numerous examples from Shakespeare's plays, the book also considers a wide range of other genres, including, prose fiction, verse, films, advertisements, jokes and newspapers. Language and Characterisation is as practical as it is theoretical and equips readers with analytical frameworks to reveal and explain both the cognitive and the linguistic sides of characterisation.



Textual Explorations General Editors-
Mick Short, Lancaster University
Elena Semino, Lancaster University
The focus of this series is on the stylistic analysis of literary and non-literary texts, and the theoretical issues which such work raises. Textual Explorations will include books that cover studies of literary authors, genres and other groupings, stylistic studies of non-literary texts, translation study, the teaching of language and literature, the empirical study of literature, and corpus approaches to stylistics and literature study. Books in the series will centre on texts written in English. Readership of the series is mainly undergraduate and postgraduate students, although advanced sixth formers will also find the books accessible. The series will be of particular interest to those who study English language, English literature, text linguistics, discourse analysis and communication studies.

Language & Characterisation- People in Plays & Other Texts explores how the words of a text create a particular impression of a character in the reader's mind. Drawing together theories from linguistics, social cognition and literary stylistics, it is the first book-length study to focus on:

  • the role of language and characterisation
  • characterisation in the dialogue of play texts

Containing numerous examples from Shakespeare's plays, the book also considers a wide range of other genres, including, prose fiction, verse, films, advertisements, jokes and newspapers. Language and Characterisation is as practical as it is theoretical and equips readers with analytical frameworks to reveal and explain both the cognitive and the linguistic sides of characterisation. Clear and detailed introductions are given to the theories, and useful suggestions for further analysis are also made at the end of each part of the book. The book will be essential reading for students and researchers of language, literature and communication.

Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xiv
Modelling Characterisation
1(46)
Introduction
1(2)
Raising the issues
3(2)
Characters: Approaches in literary criticism
5(7)
Humanising approaches
6(1)
De-humanising approaches
7(2)
A mixed approach
9(3)
People: Approaches in linguistics
12(14)
Language attitude research
13(2)
Identity in sociolinguistics: Insights from gender studies
15(3)
Social constructivist approaches
18(5)
Developing a pragmatic view of language and people
23(3)
Text comprehension and characterisation
26(8)
Information sources and cognitive processes: Top-down and bottom-up
27(1)
Mental representations in text comprehension
28(4)
Mental representations in literary texts and characterisation
32(2)
A model for characterisation
34(4)
Characterisation in plays: Some preliminaries
38(9)
Discourse structure
38(1)
Text and performance
39(8)
PART ONE: CHARACTERISATION AND THE MIND
Character Categories and Impressions of Character
47(66)
Introduction
47(1)
Literary approaches to categorising character
48(9)
Traits and 'semes'
48(1)
Actant roles
49(1)
Dramatic roles
50(2)
Character typologies: The 'flat'/ round' distinction
52(5)
The organisation and role of prior knowledge
57(13)
Memory Stores
58(1)
Semantic memory and episodic memory
59(1)
Knowledge structures
60(10)
Social cognition
70(16)
Perspectives on social cognition
70(2)
Cognition, social dimensions and discourse
72(1)
From non-social to social categories
73(2)
Social categories: Three main groups
75(1)
Social schemata
76(4)
Social categories and social schemata in two advertisements
80(3)
Impression formation
83(3)
Social cognition and fictional characterisation
86(13)
Categories in characterisation
86(2)
Prototypically distortions in fictional contexts
88(4)
Possibility distortions in fictional contexts
92(1)
The flat/round distinction revisited
93(3)
Category shifts in characterisation
96(3)
Investigating readers' descriptions of character
99(11)
Aims and methodology
99(4)
Discussion
103(7)
Conclusion
110(3)
Inferring Character From Texts
113(50)
Introduction
113(1)
Approaching character inferencing from within literary studies
114(1)
Attribution theories
115(14)
Correspondent inference theory
116(3)
Critique of correspondent inference theory
119(3)
Correspondent inference theory, speech act theory and play texts
122(4)
Covariation theory
126(2)
Integrating two attribution theories
128(1)
Foregrounding theory
129(4)
Foregrounding theory and attribution theory: Are they analogous?
133(2)
Attribution theory in practice
135(4)
When and how does attribution accur?
135(1)
Attribution and perceiver biases
136(3)
Attribution theory and language
139(5)
Conversational action
139(2)
Inferencing in a communicative context
141(2)
Language attitude research
143(1)
Inferring characteristics in plays
144(9)
The inferential context
145(1)
Reader manipulations
146(3)
Investigating readers' inferences
149(4)
Conclusion
153(10)
Further directions and exercises
156(1)
Jokes
156(1)
Adverts
157(1)
Personal adverts
158(1)
Newspapers
159(4)
PART TWO: CHARACTERISATION AND THE TEXT
Textual Cues in Characterisation
163(72)
Introduction
163(1)
Preliminaries
164(3)
Form, function and context
164(2)
Idiolect, dialect and different media
166(1)
Explicit cues: Self-presentation and other-presentation
167(5)
Self-presentation in the presence of other characters
168(1)
Self-presentation in the absence of other characters
169(2)
Other-presentation
171(1)
Implicit cues
172(57)
Conversational structure
172(8)
Conversational implicature
180(2)
Lexis
182(20)
Syntactic features
202(4)
Accent and dialect
206(7)
Verse and prose
213(2)
Paralinguistic features
215(6)
Visual features
221(4)
Context: A character's company and setting
225(4)
Authorial cues
229(3)
Proper names
229(2)
Stage directions
231(1)
Conclusion
232(3)
(IM) Politeness and Characterisation
235(28)
Introduction
235(1)
Speech acts, politeness and characterisation: Opening examples
235(2)
Linguistic politeness
237(8)
Face, face-threatening acts, and degree of face threat
238(5)
Superstrategies
243(2)
A note on impoliteness
245(2)
The case for the importance of (im) politeness in characterisation
247(8)
(IM)politeness, power and person perception
247(4)
(IM)politeness and characterisation: The study of The Entertainer revisited
251(4)
Characterisation in the film Scent of a Woman
255(6)
Conclusion
261(2)
Conclusion: The Characterisation of Katherina in Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew
263(28)
Introduction
263(1)
Literary criticism and Katherina
263(2)
Analysis of Katherina in the Taming of the Shrew
265(18)
The Shrew Schema
265(3)
First impressions: Instatiating the shrew schema
268(2)
Character context: The role of Bianca
270(1)
Inferring shrewish characteristics
271(2)
Characterisation through other-presentation
273(2)
A close-up on Katherina
275(1)
Character context: Petruchio replaces Bianca
276(2)
Characterisation through other-presentation: A reversal
278(1)
Katherina's behaviour
279(1)
Katherina and the run-up to the 'obedience' speech (V.ii.137--180)
280(3)
Conclusion
283(8)
Further directions and exercises
287(1)
Narrative
287(2)
Verse
289(2)
References 291(26)
Index 317
Jonathan Culpeper is a Lecturer in the Department of Linguistics and Modern English Language at Lancaster University.