For courses in Literature for Composition, Writing About Literature, and Introduction to Literature.
Great literature as a path to learning writing and critical-thinking skills
Great literature is always thought provoking, always new – why not use it to improve your writing skills and sharpen critical thinking?
Literature and the Writing Process combines an introductory anthology with detailed instruction in the writing process. By seamlessly integrating literature and composition into one multi-purpose text, the authors enable you to enjoy, understand, and learn from imaginative literature – and to write clearly and intelligently about what you’ve learned.
Text writing assignments use literature as a tool of critical thought, a method for analysis, and a way of communicating ideas. Careful integration of rhetorical instruction with the critical study of literature guides you through the allied processes of analytical reading and argumentative writing. As a result, readers learn how to write essays about the major features that are involved in interpreting short stories, poems, and plays.
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NOTE: Brief and Comprehensive Tables of Contents follow.
BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents by Genre
Contents by Theme
Preface
I. COMPOSING: AN OVERVIEW
1. The Prewriting Process
2. The Writing Process
3. Writing a Convincing Argument
4. The Rewriting Process
5. Researched Writing
II. WRITING ABOUT SHORT FICTION
6. How Do I Read Short Fiction?
7. Writing About Structure
8. Writing About Imagery and Symbolism
9. Writing About Point of View
10. Writing About Setting and Atmosphere
11. Writing About Theme
12. Critical Casebook: Joyce Carol Oatess Where Are You Going, Where
Have You Been?
13. Anthology of Short Fiction
14. A Portfolio of Science Fiction Stories
15. A Portfolio of Humorous and Satirical Stories
16. A Portfolio of Stories about Singular Women
III. WRITING ABOUT POETRY
17. How Do I Read Poetry?
18. Writing About Persona and Tone
19. Writing About Poetic Language
20. Writing About Poetic Form
21. Critical Casebook: The Poetry of Langston Hughes
22. The Art of Poetry
23. Anthology of Poetry
24. Paired Poems for Comparison
25. A Portfolio of Poems about Work
26. A Portfolio of War Poetry
27. A Portfolio of Humorous and Satirical Poetry
IV. WRITING ABOUT DRAMA(28. How Do I Read a Play?
29. Writing About Dramatic Structure
30. Writing About Character
31. Critical Casebook: The Glass Menagerie: Interpreting Amanda
32. Anthology of Drama
33. A Portfolio of Humorous and Satirical Plays
V. CRITICAL APPROACHES TO LITERATURE
34. Critical Approaches for Interpreting Literature
35. Critical Casebook: Reading and Writing About Culture and Identity
Glossary of Literary and Rhetorical Terms
Credits
Index of Authors, Titles, and First Lines of Poetry
Subject Index
COMPREHENSIVE TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents by Genre
Contents by Theme
Preface
I. COMPOSING: AN OVERVIEW
1. The Prewriting Process
Reading for Writing
James Joyce, Eveline
Who Are My Readers?
Analyze the Audience
Why Am I Writing?
Reasons for Writing
What Ideas Should I Use?
Reading and Thinking Critically
Discovering and Developing Ideas
Self-Questioning
Directed Freewriting
Problem Solving
Sample Student Prewriting: Directed Freewriting
Clustering
Sample Student Prewriting: Clustering
What Point Should I Make?
Relate a Part to the Whole
Finding the Theme
Stating the Thesis
2. The Writing Process
How Should I Organize My Ideas?
Arguing Your Interpretation
The Elements of Good Argument
Building an Effective Argument
Arranging the Ideas
Developing with Details
Questions for Consideration
Maintaining a Critical Focus
Distinguishing Critical Comments from Plot Details
How Should I Begin?
Postpone If Nothing Comes
Write an Appealing Opening
State the Thesis
How Should I End?
Relate the Discussion to Theme
Postpone or Write Ahead
Write an Emphatic Final Sentence
Composing the First Draft
Pausing to Rescan
Quoting from Your Sources
Sample Student Paper: First Draft
3. Writing a Convincing Argument
Interpreting and Arguing Identifying Issues
Making Claims
Using Evidence
Using Reasoning
Answering Opposing Views
Organizing Your Argument
Using the Inductive Approach
Making a Counterargument
Arguing through Comparison
Sample Student Paper: An Argument
Dagoberto Gilb, Love in L. A.
4. The Rewriting Process
What Is Revision?
Getting Feedback: Peer Review
Revising in Peer Groups
What Should I Add or Take Out?
Outlining After the First Draft
Making the Outline
Checking the Outline
Sample After-Writing Outline
Examining the Sample Outline
What Should I Rearrange?
Does It Flow?
What Is Editing?
Combining for Conciseness
Rearranging for Emphasis and Variety
Varying the Pattern
Which Words Should I Change?
Check Your Verbs
Use Active Voice Most of the Time
Use Passive If Appropriate
Feel the Words
Attend to Tone
Use Formal Language
What Is Proofreading?
Try Reading It Backward
Look for Your Typical Errors
Read the Paper Aloud
Find a Friend to Help
Sample Student Paper: Final Draft
5. Researched Writing
Using Library Sources in Your Writing
Conducting Your Research
Locating Sources
Using the Online Catalog
Using Indexes and Databases
Using the Internet
Evaluating Online Sources
Using Reference Works in Print
Working with Sources
Taking Notes
Using a Research Notebook
Using the Printout/Photocopy Option
Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting
Devising a Working Outline
Writing a First Draft
Organizing Your Notes
Using Quotations and Paraphrases
Integrating Sources
Block Quotations
Quoting from Primary Sources
Avoiding Plagiarism
Rewriting and Editing
Documenting Your Sources
Revising the Draft
Formatting Your Paper
Sample Student Paper in MLA Style
Sample Published Article in MLA Style
Explanation of the MLA Documentation Style
In-Text Citations
Preparing the List of Works Cited
Sample Entries for a List of Works Cited
Citing Print Publications
Citing Online Publications
Citing Other Common Sources
II. WRITING ABOUT SHORT FICTION
6. How Do I Read Short Fiction?
Notice the Structure
Consider Point of View and Setting
Study the Characters
Look for Specialized Literary Techniques
Examine the Title
Investigate the Authors Life and Times
Continue Questioning to Discover Theme
7. Writing About Structure
What Is Structure?
How Do I Discover Structure?
Looking at Structure
Tim OBrien, The Things They Carried
Prewriting
Finding Patterns
Writing
Grouping Details
Relating Details to Theme
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Integrating Quotations Gracefully
8. Writing About Imagery and Symbolism
What Are Images?
What Are Symbols?
Archetypal Symbols
Phallic and Yonic Symbols
How Will I Recognize Symbols?
Reference Works on Symbols
Looking at Images and Symbols
Shirley Jackson, The Lottery
Prewriting
Interpreting Symbols
Writing
Producing a Workable Thesis
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Sharpening the Introduction
Sample Student Paper on Symbolism: Second and Final Drafts
9. Writing About Point of View
What Is Point of View?
Describing Point of View
Looking at Point of View
Alice Walker, Everyday Use
Prewriting
Analyzing Point of View
Writing
Relating Point of View to Theme
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Sharpening the Conclusion
10. Writing About Setting and Atmosphere
What Are Setting and Atmosphere?
Looking at Setting and Atmosphere
Tobias Wolff, Hunters in the Snow
Prewriting
Examining the Elements of Setting
Writing
Discovering an Organization
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Checking Your Organization
Improving the Style: Balanced Sentences
11. Writing About Theme
What Is Theme?
Looking at Theme
Flannery O'Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find
Prewriting
Figuring Out the Theme
Stating the Theme
Writing
Choosing Supporting Details
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Achieving Coherence
Checking for Coherence
Editing
Repeat Words and Synonyms
Try Parallel Structure
12. Critical Casebook: Joyce Carol Oatess Where Are You Going, Where
Have You Been?
Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?
The Storys Origins
Four Critical Interpretations
Topics for Discussion and Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
13. Anthology of Short Fiction
Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Birthmark
Edgar Allan Poe, The Cask of Amontillado
Sarah Orne Jewett, A White Heron
Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour
Charlotte Perkins Gilman, The Yellow Wallpaper
James Joyce, Araby
Katherine Anne Porter, The Grave
Zora Neale Hurston, Spunk
William Faulkner, Barn Burning
Ernest Hemingway, Hills Like White Elephants
Arna Bontemps, A Summer Tragedy
Tillie Olsen, I Stand Here Ironing
Hisaye Yamamoto, Seventeen Syllables
Rosario Morales, The Day It Happened
Raymond Carver, What We Talk About When We Talk About Love
T. Coraghessan Boyle, The Love of My Life
Louise Erdrich, The Red Convertible
14. A Portfolio of Science Fiction Stories
Ray Bradbury, There Will Come Soft Rains
Ursula K. Le Guin, The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas
Octavia E. Butler, Speech Sounds
MultiModal Project
Sample Student Paper: Comparing Dystopias
15. A Portfolio of Humorous and Satirical Stories
H. H. Munro (Saki), The Open Window
John Updike, A & P
Margaret Atwood, Happy Endings
Ron Hansen, My Kids Dog
MultiModal Project
16. A Portfolio of Stories about Singular Women
Katherine Mansfield, Miss Brill
John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums
Eudora Welty, A Worn Path
Katherine Min, Secondhand World
MultiModal Project
III. WRITING ABOUT POETRY
17. How Do I Read Poetry?
Get the Literal Meaning First: Paraphrase
Make Associations for Meaning
18. Writing About Persona and Tone
Who Is Speaking?
What Is Tone?
Recognizing Verbal Irony
Describing Tone
Looking at Persona and Tone
Theodore Roethke, My Papas Waltz
W. D. Ehrhart, Sins of the Father
Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid
W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen
Edmund Waller, Go, Lovely Rose
Prewriting
Asking Questions About the Speaker in My Papa's Waltz
Devising a Thesis
Considering the Speaker in The Sins of the Father
Describing the Tone in The Ruined Maid
Developing a Thesis
Describing the Tone in The Unknown Citizen
Formulating a Thesis
Determining Tone in Go, Lovely Rose
Writing
Explicating and Analyzing
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Editing
Quoting Poetry in Essays
Sample Student Paper: Reflection on Persona and Tone
Analyzing the Student Response
19. Writing About Poetic Language
What Do the Words Suggest?
Connotation and Denotation
Figures of Speech
Metaphor and Simile
Personification
Imagery
Symbol
Paradox
Oxymoron
Looking at Poetic Language
Mary Oliver, August
Walt Whitman, A Noiseless Patient Spider
William Shakespeare, Shall I Compare Thee to a Summers Day?
Kay Ryan, Turtle
Hayden Carruth, In the Long Hall
Donald Hall, My Son My Executioner
Prewriting
Examining Poetic Language
Writing
Comparing and Contrasting
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Responsive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Choosing Vivid, Descriptive Terms
Finding Lively Words
Sample Student Paper on Poetic Language: Second and Final Drafts
20. Writing About Poetic Form
What Are the Forms of Poetry?
Rhythm and Rhyme
Alliteration, Assonance, and Consonance
Exercise on Poetic Form
Stanzas: Closed and Open Form
Poetic Syntax
Visual Poetry
Looking at the Forms of Poetry
Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool
A. E. Housman, Eight OClock
E. E. Cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town
Robert Frost, The Silken Tent
Billy Collins, Sonnet
David Shumate, A Hundred Years from Now
Roger McGough, 40-----Love
Prewriting
Experimenting with Poetic Forms
Writing
Relating Form to Meaning
Ideas for Writing
Ideas for Expressive Writing
Ideas for Critical Writing
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
Rewriting
Finding the Exact Word
Sample Student Paper on Poetic Form
Sample Published Essay on Poetic Form
21. Critical Casebook: The Poetry of Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes: A Brief Biography
Langston Hughes
The Negro Speaks of Rivers
Mother to Son
The Weary Blues
Saturday Night
Harlem (A Dream Deferred)
Theme for English B
Considering the Poems
Critical Commentaries
Arnold Rampersad, On the Persona in The Negro Speaks of Rivers
Margaret Larkin, A Poet for the People
Karen Jackson Ford, Do Right to Write Right: Langston Hughess Aesthetics of
Simplicity
Peter Townsend, Jazz and Langston Hughess Poetry
Langston Hughes, Harlem Rent Parties
Ideas for Writing About Langston Hughes
Ideas for Researched Writing
MultiModal Project
22. The Art of Poetry
Poetic Interpretations of Art
Lisel Mueller, American Literature
Edward Hopper, Nighthawks
Samuel Yellen, Nighthawks
Susan Ludvigson, Inventing My Parents
Peter Brueghel the Elder, Landscape with the Fall of Icarus
W. H. Auden, Musée des Beaux Arts
Paolo Uccello, St. George and the Dragon
U. A. Fanthorpe, Not My Best Side
Vincent Van Gogh, The Starry Night
Anne Sexton, The Starry Night
Henri Matisse, The Red Studio
W. D. Snodgrass, Matisse: The Red Studio Kitagawa Utamaro, Two Women
Dressing Their Hair
Cathy Song, Beauty and Sadness
The Art of Poetry: Questions for Discussion
Poetry and Art: Ideas for Writing
MultiModal Project
Sample Student Paper: Reflection on Poetry and Art
23. Anthology of Poetry
Thomas Wyatt, They Flee from Me
William Shakespeare
When in Disgrace with Fortune and Mens Eyes
Let Me Not to the Marriage of True Minds
That Time of Year Thou Mayst in Me Behold
My Mistress Eyes Are Nothing Like the Sun
John Donne
Death, Be Not Proud
The Flea
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress
William Blake
The Lamb
The Tyger
The Sick Rose
William Wordsworth
The World Is Too Much with Us
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
George Gordon, Lord Byron, She Walks in Beauty
Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias
John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn
Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Ulysses
Walt Whitman
When I Heard the Learnd Astronomer
Song of Myself (Section 11)
Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach
Emily Dickinson
Faith Is a Fine Invention
Im Nobody! Who Are You?
Much Madness Is Divinest Sense
Because I Could Not Stop for Death
Some Keep the Sabbath Going to Church
Wild NightsWild Nights!
Christina Rossetti, In an Artists Studio
Gerard Manley Hopkins
Pied Beauty
Spring and Fall
A. E. Housman
To an Athlete Dying Young
Loveliest of Trees
William Butler Yeats
The Second Coming
Sailing to Byzantium
Edgar Lee Masters
Lucinda Matlock
Margaret Fuller Slack
Paul Laurence Dunbar, We Wear the Mask
Robert Frost
Mending Wall
Birches
Out, Out
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