Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Microbiology of Nuclear Waste Disposal [Pehme köide]

Edited by (Professor of Geomicrobiology, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, UK), Edited by (Head of the Junior Research Group MicroSalt at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden- Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Germ)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 376 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 840 g, Approx. 140 illustrations; Illustrations, unspecified
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-2020
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 012818695X
  • ISBN-13: 9780128186954
Teised raamatud teemal:
Microbiology of Nuclear Waste DisposalSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 376 pages, kõrgus x laius: 235x191 mm, kaal: 840 g, Approx. 140 illustrations; Illustrations, unspecified
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-2020
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc
  • ISBN-10: 012818695X
  • ISBN-13: 9780128186954
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780128186954.html
Märksõnad:

The Microbiology of Nuclear Waste Disposal is a state-of-the-art reference featuring contributions focusing on the impact of microbes on the safe long-term disposal of nuclear waste. This book is the first to cover this important emerging topic, and is written for a wide audience encompassing regulators, implementers, academics, and other stakeholders. The book is also of interest to those working on the wider exploitation of the subsurface, such as bioremediation, carbon capture and storage, geothermal energy, and water quality.

Planning for suitable facilities in the U.S., Europe, and Asia has been based mainly on knowledge from the geological and physical sciences. However, recent studies have shown that microbial life can proliferate in the inhospitable environments associated with radioactive waste disposal, and can control the long-term fate of nuclear materials. This can have beneficial and damaging impacts, which need to be quantified.

  • Encompasses expertise from both the bio and geo disciplines, aiming to foster important collaborations across this disciplinary divide
  • Includes reviews and research papers from leading groups in the field
  • Provides helpful guidance in light of plans progressing worldwide for geological disposal facilities
  • Includes timely research for planning and safety case development
Contributors xiii
Introduction xviii
Chapter 1 Organic-containing nuclear wastes and national inventories across Europe
1(20)
Liam Abrahamsen-Mills
Joe S. Small
1 Introduction
1(2)
1.1 Bitumen
2(1)
1.2 Organic ion-exchange resins
2(1)
1.3 Halogenated and nonhalogenated polymers
2(1)
1.4 Cellulose materials
3(1)
1.5 Other organic materials
3(1)
2 Overview of the nature of anthropogenic organic polymers and materials
3(1)
3 National inventories
4(14)
3.1 Belgium
5(1)
3.2 Czech Republic
5(2)
3.3 Finland
7(1)
3.4 France
8(4)
3.5 Spain
12(1)
3.6 Sweden
13(2)
3.7 Switzerland
15(1)
3.8 The Netherlands
16(1)
3.9 United Kingdom
16(2)
4 Summary
18(3)
References
19(2)
Chapter 2 The microbiology of natural analogue sites
21(20)
Sarah Jane Butterworth
Simcha Stroes-Gascoyne
Jonathan R. Lloyd
1 Introduction
21(1)
2 Bentonite clay
22(3)
2.1 Japanese bentonite deposits
22(1)
2.2 Cigar Lake, Canada
23(1)
2.3 Cerro Negro Site, New Mexico, USA
24(1)
2.4 Dunnaroba Fossil Forest, Italy
25(1)
3 Cement
25(2)
3.1 Maraqin, Jordan
25(1)
3.2 Semail Ophiolite, Oman
26(1)
3.3 Harpur Hill, UK
26(1)
4 Canisters and microbially influenced corrosion
27(2)
4.1 Littleham Cove, UK
28(1)
4.2 Colony of Avalon Archaeological Site, Canada
28(1)
5 Radionuclide immobilization
29(5)
5.1 Needle's Eye, UK
29(1)
5.2 Oklo, Gabon
30(1)
5.3 Palmottu, Finland
31(1)
5.4 Tono Mine, Japan
32(1)
5.5 Pocos de Caldas: Osamu Utsumi Mine and Morro do Ferro, Brazil
33(1)
6 Concluding remarks
34(7)
Acknowledgments
34(1)
References
34(7)
Chapter 3 Microbial metabolic potential in deep crystalline bedrock
41(30)
Malin Bomberg
Hanna Miettinen
Riikka Kietavainen
Lotta Purkamo
Lasse Ahonen
Minna Vikman
1 Introduction
41(4)
2 Deep groundwater characteristics relevant to long-term disposal of spent nuclear fuel
45(1)
3 Biogeochemical cycles
46(11)
3.1 Carbon
46(4)
3.2 Hydrogen
50(1)
3.3 Sulfur
51(1)
3.4 Iron
52(3)
3.5 Nitrogen
55(1)
3.6 Phosphorus
56(1)
4 Microorganisms and radioactive waste
57(1)
5 Conclusions
58(13)
References
59(10)
Further reading
69(2)
Chapter 4 Molecular techniques for understanding microbial abundance and activity in clay barriers used for geodisposal
71(26)
Kristel Mijnendonckx
Pieter Monsieurs
Katefina Cerna
Veronika Hlavackova
Jana Steinova
Niels Burzan
Rizlan Bernier-Latmani
Christopher Boothman
Hanna Miettinen
Sindy Kluge
Nicole Matschiavelli
Andrea Cherkouk
Fadwa Jroundi
Mohamed Larbi Merroun
Katja Engel
Josh D. Neufeld
Natalie Leys
1 Introduction
71(2)
2 DNA-based techniques
73(13)
2.1 Comparison of sequencing processes and bioinformatics pipelines
73(7)
2.2 Comparison of DNA extraction methods
80(6)
3 Non-DNA-based techniques
86(4)
3.1 Microbial metabolism as proxy for microbial activity
87(1)
3.2 Microbial viability based on membrane integrity
88(2)
4 Conclusions
90(7)
Acknowledgments
91(1)
References
91(6)
Chapter 5 Potential microbial influence on the performance of subsurface, salt-based nuclear waste repositories
97(22)
Juliet S. Swanson
Miriam Bader
Andrea Cherkouk
1 Introduction
97(1)
2 The potential for microbial life in subterranean salt
98(1)
3 The microbial populations in a salt-based nuclear waste repository
99(3)
3.1 Indigenous microorganisms
99(2)
3.2 Introduced microorganisms: Mining operations and emplaced waste
101(1)
4 Evolution of the repository environment from a microbial perspective
102(1)
5 Repository conditions and potential for microbial activity
103(7)
5.1 Temperature
103(1)
5.2 Pressure
103(1)
5.3 pH
103(1)
5.4 Alteration of environment--pH and redox
104(1)
5.5 Microbial generation of gas and ligands from waste transformation
105(1)
5.6 Exposure to actinides, fission products, activation products, and other radionuclides from repository waste
106(1)
5.7 Radionuclide transformation via redox reactions
107(1)
5.8 Bioassociation with radionuclides
108(2)
6 Concluding remarks
110(9)
Acknowledgments
110(1)
References
110(9)
Chapter 6 Microbially influenced corrosion of container material
119(18)
Tomas Cernousek
Alena Sevcu
Rojina Shrestha
Jana Steinova
Jakub Kokinda
Katefina Vizelkova
1 Introduction
119(1)
2 Corrosive behavior of biofilms on metal surfaces
120(4)
2.1 MIC mechanisms
121(3)
3 Microorganisms involved in MIC
124(2)
3.1 Sulfate-reducing microorganisms
125(1)
4 MIC of radioactive waste containers
126(6)
4.1 Corrosion of carbon steel exposed to natural anaerobic groundwater microbes
127(5)
5 Conclusions
132(5)
Acknowledgments
132(1)
References
133(4)
Chapter 7 Bentonite geomicrobiology
137(20)
Margarita Lopez-Fernandez
Nicole Matschiavelli
Mohamed Larbi Merroun
1 Introduction
137(2)
2 Analyzing the impact of microbial activity on bentonites: From small to large scale
139(7)
3 Bentonite-microbe-radionuclide interactions: Multidisciplinary approach characterization
146(4)
3.1 Multidisciplinary approach characterization of impact of microbial processes on the transformation of bentonites: Illitization of smectites
147(1)
3.2 Impact of bentonite microbes on the mobility of radionuclide
148(2)
4 Conclusions
150(7)
Funding sources
150(1)
Author contributions
150(1)
References
150(7)
Chapter 8 Microbial colonization of cementitious geodisposal facilities, and potential "biobarrier" formation
157(36)
Gina Kuippers
Naji M. Bassil
Jonathan R. Lloyd
1 Introduction
157(1)
2 Microbe-radionuclide interactions
158(6)
2.1 Biosorption
160(1)
2.2 Bioaccumulation
161(1)
2.3 Biomineralization
161(1)
2.4 Biodegradation
162(1)
2.5 Bioreduction
163(1)
3 Aquifer sediments and redox cycling
164(1)
4 Microbial processes and the GDF
165(5)
4.1 Heat and swelling
166(2)
4.2 Radiation
168(1)
4.3 pH
169(1)
5 Microbial metabolism at high pH
170(2)
6 Organic energy sources in a GDF
172(3)
6.1 Cellulose and its degradation products
172(2)
6.2 EDTA, NTA, gluconic acid, and picolinic acid
174(1)
7 Gas production and microbial gas metabolism
175(2)
8 Microbial interactions with radionuclides in a GDF; development of a potential biobarrier for radionuclide mobility
177(1)
9 Conclusions
178(15)
Acknowledgments
180(1)
References
180(13)
Chapter 9 Microbial impacts on gas production in LLW/ILW
193(20)
Joe S. Small
Minna Vikman
1 Introduction
193(1)
2 Overview of gas generation processes from nuclear waste
193(2)
3 The TVO Gas Generation Experiment
195(14)
3.1 Gas generation and chemical data
197(2)
3.2 Modeling studies
199(5)
3.3 Microbiological characterization
204(5)
4 Summary and conclusions
209(4)
Acknowledgments
210(1)
References
210(3)
Chapter 10 Organic materials and their microbial fate in radioactive waste
213(32)
Kristel Mijnendonckx
Naji M. Bassil
Sophie Nixon
Aislinn Boylan
Natalie Leys
1 Introduction
213(1)
2 Cellulose
214(6)
2.1 Abiotic alkali cellulose hydrolysis
215(1)
2.2 Radiolysis of cellulose
216(1)
2.3 Biological degradation of cellulose
217(1)
2.4 Isosaccharinic acid
218(1)
2.5 Microbial degradation of ISA
219(1)
3 Polyvinyl chloride
220(5)
3.1 Abiotic degradation of PVC and common additives
221(2)
3.2 Microbial degradation of PVC and additives
223(1)
3.3 Implications for geological nuclear waste disposal
224(1)
4 Ion exchange resins
225(3)
4.1 Radiolytic degradation of ion exchange resins
225(2)
4.2 Microbial degradation of ion exchange resins
227(1)
5 Bitumen
228(7)
5.1 Aging
230(1)
5.2 Radiolytical degradation of bitumen
231(2)
5.3 Microbial degradation of bitumen
233(2)
6 Conclusions
235(10)
Acknowledgments
236(1)
References
236(9)
Chapter 11 Microbial transformations of radionuclides in geodisposal systems
245(22)
Luke T. Townsend
Katherine Morris
Jonathan R. Lloyd
1 Background
245(5)
1.1 Biogeochemistry
249(1)
2 Radionuclide environmental biogeochemistry
250(7)
2.1 Uranium
250(2)
2.2 Neptunium
252(1)
2.3 Plutonium
253(2)
2.4 Technetium
255(1)
2.5 Selenium
255(1)
2.6 Iodine
256(1)
3 Conclusions
257(10)
Acknowledgment
257(1)
References
257(10)
Chapter 12 Modeling of microbial processes to support the safety case for nuclear waste disposal
267(24)
Joe S. Small
Liam Abrahamsen-Muls
1 Introduction
267(1)
2 Microbial processes and effects considered in the safety case
268(3)
3 Modeling microbial growth and metabolism
271(10)
3.1 Biomass synthesis
272(2)
3.2 Organic hydrolysis processes
274(1)
3.3 Metabolic processes
275(6)
4 Coupling with chemical speciation and representation of Eh
281(4)
5 Discussion and summary
285(6)
Acknowledgments
286(1)
References
286(5)
Chapter 13 Communication and stakeholder engagement of microbiology in radioactive waste disposal
291(30)
Tanja Perko
Meritxell Martell
1 Introduction
291(2)
2 Risk perception and risk communication
293(6)
2.1 The meaning of trust
298(1)
3 Perception of microbes in geological disposal
299(7)
4 Science communication by microbiologists
306(7)
4.1 Challenges in communicating with nonexperts
307(1)
4.2 Challenges in communicating to experts from other scientific disciplines
308(3)
4.3 Storytelling
311(1)
4.4 Social media
312(1)
4.5 Use of graphics, images, and videos
312(1)
4.6 Media relations
313(1)
5 Stakeholder engagement
313(3)
6 Concluding remarks
316(5)
Acknowledgments
317(1)
References
317(4)
Author Index 321(26)
Subject Index 347
Jon Lloyd holds a BSc in Applied Biology from the University of Bath, and a PhD in Microbiology from the University of Kent. After postdoctoral positions at University of Birmingham and an Assistant Research Professorship at the University of Massachusetts (Amherst), he moved to Manchester University in 2001, where he is Professor of Geomicrobiology and Director of the Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science. He has published more than 200 papers in the broad area of geomicrobiology, and has a long-standing interest in the impact of microbial processes on the nuclear fuel cycle. Andrea Cherkouk studied geoecology at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, where she got her master´s and PhD degree. She worked as a scientist at the Institute of Resource Ecology of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf in Germany and at School of Earth and Environmental Sciences of the University of Manchester, UK. Currently she is the head of the HZDR Junior Research group MicroSalt. Her main research interests are on bio-influenced radionuclide migration, biogeochemistry, microbial ecology and halophilic microorganisms.