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Midterm Assessment of Implementation of the Decadal Survey on Life and Physical Sciences Research at NASA [Pehme köide]

  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 144 pages, kõrgus x laius: 279x216 mm
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Jun-2018
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • ISBN-10: 0309469007
  • ISBN-13: 9780309469005
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 144 pages, kõrgus x laius: 279x216 mm
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Jun-2018
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • ISBN-10: 0309469007
  • ISBN-13: 9780309469005
Teised raamatud teemal:
The 2011 National Research Council decadal survey on biological and physical sciences in space, Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration: Life and Physical Sciences Research for a New Era, was written during a critical period in the evolution of science in support of space exploration. The research agenda in space life and physical sciences had been significantly descoped during the programmatic adjustments of the Vision for Space Exploration in 2005, and this occurred in the same era as the International Space Station (ISS) assembly was nearing completion in 2011. Out of that period of change, Recapturing a Future for Space Exploration presented a cogent argument for the critical need for space life and physical sciences, both for enabling and expanding the exploration capabilities of NASA as well as for contributing unique science in many fields that can be enabled by access to the spaceflight environment.





Since the 2011 publication of the decadal survey, NASA has seen tremendous change, including the retirement of the Space Shuttle Program and the maturation of the ISS. NASA formation of the Division of Space Life and Physical Sciences Research and Applications provided renewed focus on the research of the decadal survey. NASA has modestly regrown some of the budget of space life and physical sciences within the agency and engaged the U.S. science community outside NASA to join in this research. In addition, NASA has collaborated with the international space science community.





This midterm assessment reviews NASA's progress since the 2011 decadal survey in order to evaluate the high-priority research identified in the decadal survey in light of future human Mars exploration. It makes recommendations on science priorities, specifically those priorities that best enable deep space exploration.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 The NASA Programmatic Approach and Strategy Addressing the 2011 Space Life and Physical Sciences Decadal Survey 3 Science Progress Toward the Goals and Priorities of the 2011 Space Life and Physical Sciences Decadal Survey 4 Prioritizations and Rankings to Optimize and Enable the Expansion of Deep Space Human Exploration 5 Recommendations for Implementing the Decadal Portfolio Over Remaining Years Within Constraints Appendixes Appendix A: Statement of Task Appendix B: Meeting Agendas Appendix C: Biographies of Committee Members, Consultant, and Staff Appendix D: Acronyms Appendix E: Criteria and Table Reprinted from the 2011 Decadal Survey Appendix F: Commercial Spaceflight Federation Listing of Microgravity Experiments Since 2011 that Have Flown on Balloons, Parabolic, or Suborbital Missions
Summary 1(7)
1 Introduction
8(4)
1.1 Exploration Imperative Since the Decadal Survey
9(1)
1.2 Study Context and Challenges
9(1)
1.3 Report Organization
10(2)
2 The NASA Programmatic Approach And Strategy Addressing The 2011 Space Life And Physical Sciences Decadal Survey
12(24)
2.1 Program Development Since the 2011 Decadal Survey
13(3)
2.1.1 The Diversifying Landscape of Entities Involved in Microgravity Research
14(1)
2.1.2 Research Inputs, Outputs, and Available Assessment Tools
14(2)
2.2 NASA Budget and Funding Environment Since the 2011 Space Life and Physical Sciences Decadal Survey
16(8)
2.2.1 Top-Level View of NASA Budgets and Programs in Microgravity Science
16(1)
2.2.2 ISS Timeline and Microgravity Science
17(1)
2.2.3 Taskbook Assessment of Pis and Tasks 2004-2016
18(1)
2.2.4 Solicitations and Selections 2010-2016
18(1)
2.2.5 External Grants Total Funding for Microgravity Science 2007-2016
18(5)
2.2.6 NASA Funding Aligned to Specific Decadal Survey Recommendations
23(1)
2.3 Existing and Emerging Challenges to and Opportunities for Implementation of the 2011 Decadal Survey
24(7)
2.3.1 The ISS U.S. National Laboratory
27(1)
2.3.2 Crew on ISS and Crew Time Available for Science
28(1)
2.3.3 Interagency Multisponsorship and Commercial Interactions
28(3)
2.3.4 Lead, Collaborate, Watch, and Park Opportunities
31(1)
2.4 Plans for the International Space Station; ISS Post 2024
31(5)
2.4.1 Budget Allocation in Light of Limited Time Remaining on the ISS
33(1)
2.4.2 Open Databases and Reference Experiments
34(2)
3 Science Progress Toward The Goals And Priorities Of The 2011 Space Life And Physical Sciences Decadal Survey
36(22)
3.1 Plant and Microbiology
36(2)
3.2 Behavior and Mental Health
38(1)
3.3 Animal and Human Biology
39(2)
3.4 Cross-Cutting Issues for Humans in the Space Environment
41(3)
3.4.1 Cross-Cutting Issues Unrelated to Radiation Biology
41(1)
3.4.2 Cross-Cutting Issues Related to Radiation Biology
42(2)
3.4.3 Other Potential Risks
44(1)
3.5 Fundamental Physical Sciences in Space
44(3)
3.5.1 Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Fluids
45(1)
3.5.2 Precision Measurements of Fundamental Forces and Symmetries
46(1)
3.5.3 Quantum Gases
46(1)
3.5.4 Critical Phenomena
46(1)
3.6 Applied Physics
47(4)
3.6.1 Physical Science Informatics (Open-Access Database)
47(1)
3.6.2 Fluid Physics
47(2)
3.6.3 Combustion Research
49(1)
3.6.4 Materials Research
50(1)
3.7 Translation to Space Exploration Systems
51(5)
3.8 Science Status in Light of Exploration Mission Development
56(2)
4 Prioritizations And Rankings To Optimize And Enable The Expansion Of Deep Space Human Exploration
58(29)
4.1 Targeting Decadal Survey Exploration Research Priorities
58(3)
4.1.1 The Decadal Survey Approach to Organizing Priorities
58(1)
4.1.2 Overarching Space Exploration Strategy
59(2)
4.2 Criteria for Midterm Ranking of the High-Priority Recommendations for Exploration
61(1)
4.3 Highest-Priority Recommendations for Exploration
62(3)
4.4 Science Context for the Rankings
65(21)
4.4.1 Plant Biology and Microbiology
65(3)
4.4.2 Behavior and Mental Health
68(3)
4.4.3 Animal and Human Biology
71(3)
4.4.4 Cross-Cutting Issues for Humans in the Space Environment
74(1)
4.4.5 Radiation Component of Cross-Cutting Decadal Survey Recommendations
75(2)
4.4.6 Fundamental Physical Sciences in Space
77(3)
4.4.7 Applied Physical Sciences in Space
80(5)
4.4.8 Translation to Space Exploration Systems
85(1)
4.5 Summary of Science and Top Priorities
86(1)
5 Recommendations For Implementing The Decadal Portfolio Over Remaining Years Within Constraints
87(8)
5.1 Current Status and Challenges that Constrain Resources
88(1)
5.1.1 Create Regular Requests for Research Proposal in Order to Enhance Science Capability
88(1)
5.1.2 Maximize Use of Crew Time for Decadal Survey Research
88(1)
5.1.3 Significantly Improve Research Result Reporting and Integration
88(1)
5.1.4 Strengthen Relationships with Other Agencies and International Partners
89(1)
5.2 Maximum Science Progress for the Next Decadal Survey
89(1)
5.2.1 Traceability of Exploration Strategy to Research Priorities
89(1)
5.2.2 Cross-Organizational Efforts
90(1)
5.2.3 Direct Larger Balance of Budget to Science Research
90(1)
5.2.4 Proactively Use Full Range of Platforms
90(1)
5.3 Path to Exploration and Beyond 2024
90(1)
5.3.1 Provide Additional Funding to Address Significant Risks and Unknowns for Human Exploration
90(1)
5.3.2 Expeditiously Develop LEO Post 2024 Strategy
91(1)
5.3.3 Develop the Identified High-Priority Science Research Areas
91(1)
5.4 Summary: Addressing Exploration and Basic Science
91(4)
APPENDIXES
A Statement of Task
95(2)
B Meeting Agendas
97(4)
C Biographies and Committee Members
101(7)
D Acronyms
108(3)
E Criteria and Table Reprinted from the 2011 Decadal Survey
111(11)
F Commercial Spaceflight Federation Listing of Microgravity Experiments Since 2011 that Have Flown on Balloons, Parabolic, or Suborbital Missions
122