Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

Two-Phase Flow, Boiling, and Condensation: In Conventional and Miniature Systems [Pehme köide]

5.00/5 (2 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)
(Georgia Institute of Technology)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 636 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 254x178x32 mm, kaal: 1100 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Aug-2014
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1107431638
  • ISBN-13: 9781107431638
Teised raamatud teemal:
Two-Phase Flow, Boiling, and Condensation: In Conventional and Miniature SystemsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 636 pages, kõrgus x laius x paksus: 254x178x32 mm, kaal: 1100 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 07-Aug-2014
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1107431638
  • ISBN-13: 9781107431638
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781107431638.html
This text is an introduction to gas-liquid two-phase flow, boiling and condensation for graduate students, professionals, and researchers in mechanical, nuclear, and chemical engineering. The book provides a balanced coverage of two-phase flow and phase change fundamentals, well-established art and science dealing with conventional systems, and the rapidly developing areas of microchannel flow and heat transfer. It is based on the author's more than 15 years of teaching experience. Instructors teaching multiphase flow have had to rely on a multitude of books and reference materials. This book remedies that problem by covering all the topics essential for a graduate course. Important areas include: two-phase flow model conservation equations and their numerical solution; condensation with and without noncondensables; and two-phase flow, boiling, and condensation in mini and microchannels.

Muu info

The book provides a balanced coverage of two-phase flow and phase change fundamentals.
Preface xi
Frequently Used Notation xiii
Part One. Two-Phase Flow
1 Thermodynamic and Single-Phase Flow Fundamentals
3(35)
1.1 States of Matter and Phase Diagrams for Pure Substances
3(4)
1.1.1 Equilibrium States
3(2)
1.1.2 Metastable States
5(2)
1.2 Transport Equations and Closure Relations
7(3)
1.3 Single-Phase Multicomponent Mixtures
10(5)
1.4 Phase Diagrams for Binary Systems
15(2)
1.5 Thermodynamic Properties of Vapor-Noncondensable Gas Mixtures
17(4)
1.6 Transport Properties
21(5)
1.6.1 Mixture Rules
21(1)
1.6.2 Gaskinetic Theory
21(4)
1.6.3 Diffusion in Liquids
25(1)
1.7 Turbulent Boundary Layer Velocity and Temperature Profiles
26(4)
1.8 Convective Heat and Mass Transfer
30(8)
2 Gas—Liquid Interfacial Phenomena
38(51)
2.1 Surface Tension and Contact Angle
38(6)
2.1.1 Surface Tension
38(3)
2.1.2 Contact Angle
41(1)
2.1.3 Dynamic Contact Angle and Contact Angle Hysteresis
42(1)
2.1.4 Surface Tension Nonuniformity
43(1)
2.2 Effect of Surface-Active Impurities on Surface Tension
44(2)
2.3 Thermocapillary Effect
46(3)
2.4 Disjoining Pressure in Thin Films
49(1)
2.5 Liquid—Vapor Interphase at Equilibrium
50(2)
2.6 Attributes of Interfacial Mass Transfer
52(7)
2.6.1 Evaporation and Condensation
52(5)
2.6.2 Sparingly Soluble Gases
57(2)
2.7 Semi-Empirical Treatment of Interfacial Transfer Processes
59(5)
2.8 Interfacial Waves and the Linear Stability Analysis Method
64(2)
2.9 Two-Dimensional Surface Waves on the Surface of an Inviscid and Quiescent Liquid
66(2)
2.10 Rayleigh—Taylor and Kelvin—Helmholtz Instabilities
68(6)
2.11 Rayleigh—Taylor Instability for a Viscous Liquid
74(2)
2.12 Waves at the Surface of Small Bubbles and Droplets
76(4)
2.13 Growth of a Vapor Bubble in Superheated Liquid
80(9)
3 Two-Phase Mixtures, Fluid Dispersions, and Liquid Films
89(32)
3.1 Introductory Remarks about Two-Phase Mixtures
89(1)
3.2 Time, Volume, and Composite Averaging
90(3)
3.2.1 Phase Volume Fractions
90(2)
3.2.2 Averaged Properties
92(1)
3.3 Flow-Area Averaging
93(1)
3.4 Some Important Definitions for Two-Phase Mixture Flows
94(3)
3.4.1 General Definitions
94(1)
3.4.2 Definitions for Flow Area-Averaged one-Dimensional Flow
95(2)
3.4.3 Homogeneous-Equilibrium Flow
97(1)
3.5 Convention for the Remainder of This Book
97(1)
3.6 Particles of One Phase Dispersed in a Turbulent Flow Field of Another Phase
98(9)
3.6.1 Turbulent Eddies and Their Interaction with Suspended Fluid Particles
98(5)
3.6.2 The Population Balance Equation
103(2)
3.6.3 Coalescence
105(1)
3.6.4 Breakup
106(1)
3.7 Conventional, Mini-, and Microchannels
107(5)
3.7.1 Basic Phenomena and Size Classification for Single-Phase Flow
107(4)
3.7.2 Size Classification for Two-Phase Flow
111(1)
3.8 Laminar Falling Liquid Films
112(2)
3.9 Turbulent Falling Liquid Films
114(1)
3.10 Heat Transfer Correlations for Falling Liquid Films
115(2)
3.11 Mechanistic Modeling of Liquid Films
117(4)
4 Two-Phase Flow Regimes — I
121(16)
4.1 Introductory Remarks
121(1)
4.2 Two-Phase Flow Regimes in Adiabatic Pipe Flow
122(7)
4.2.1 Vertical, Cocurrent, Upward Flow
122(4)
4.2.2 Cocurrent Horizontal Flow
126(3)
4.3 Flow Regime Maps for Pipe Flow
129(1)
4.4 Two-Phase Flow Regimes in Vertical Rod Bundles
130(4)
4.5 Comments on Empirical Flow Regime Maps
134(3)
5 Two-Phase Flow Modeling
137(36)
5.1 General Remarks
137(1)
5.2 Local Instantaneous Equations and Interphase Balance Relations
138(3)
5.3 Two-Phase Flow Models
141(1)
5.4 Flow-Area Averaging
142(2)
5.5 One-Dimensional Homogeneous-Equilibrium Model: Single-Component Fluid
144(4)
5.6 One-Dimensional Homogeneous-Equilibrium Model: Two-Component Mixture
148(1)
5.7 One-Dimensional Separated Flow Model: Single-Component Fluid
149(9)
5.8 One-Dimensional Separated-Flow Model: Two-Component Fluid
158(2)
5.9 Multidimensional Two-Fluid Model
160(3)
5.10 Numerical Solution of Steady, One-Dimensional Conservation Equations
163(10)
5.10.1 Casting the One-Dimensional ODE Model Equations in a Standard Form
163(6)
5.10.2 Numerical Solution of the ODES
169(4)
6 The Drift Flux Model and Void—Quality Relations
173(13)
6.1 The Concept of Drift Flux
173(3)
6.2 Two-Phase Flow Model Equations Based on the DFM
176(1)
6.3 DFM Parameters for Pipe Flow
177(1)
6.4 DFM Parameters for Rod Bundles
178(1)
6.5 DFM in Minichannels
179(1)
6.6 Void—Quality Correlations
180(6)
7 Two-Phase Flow Regimes — II
186(21)
7.1 Introductory Remarks
186(1)
7.2 Upward, Cocurrent Flow in Vertical Tubes
186(7)
7.2.1 Flow Regime Transition Models of Taitel et al.
186(3)
7.2.2 Flow Regime Transition Models of Mishima and Ishii
189(4)
7.3 Cocurrent Flow in a Near-Horizontal Tube
193(4)
7.4 Two-Phase Flow in an Inclined Tube
197(2)
7.5 Dynamic Flow Regime Models and Interfacial Surface Area Transport Equations
199(8)
7.5.1 The Interfacial Area Transport Equation
199(2)
7.5.2 Simplification of the Interfacial Area Transport Equation
201(6)
8 Pressure Drop in Two-Phase Flow
207(21)
8.1 Introduction
207(1)
8.2 Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop in Homogeneous Flow and the Concept of a Two-Phase Multiplier
208(2)
8.3 Empirical Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop Methods
210(4)
8.4 General Remarks about Local Pressure Drops
214(1)
8.5 Single—Phase Flow Pressure Drops Caused by Flow Disturbances
215(5)
8.5.1 Single-Phase Flow Pressure Drop across a Sudden Expansion
217(2)
8.5.2 Single-Phase Flow Pressure Drop across a Sudden Contraction
219(1)
8.5.3 Pressure Change Caused by Other Flow Disturbances
219(1)
8.6 Two-Phase Flow Local Pressure Drops
220(8)
9 Countercurrent Flow Limitation
228(17)
9.1 General Description
228(5)
9.2 Flooding Correlations for Vertical Flow Passages
233(3)
9.3 Flooding in Horizontal, Perforated Plates and Porous Media
236(1)
9.4 Flooding in Vertical Annular or Rectangular Passages
237(3)
9.5 Flooding Correlations for Horizontal and Inclined Flow Passages
240(1)
9.6 Effect of Phase Change on CCFL
240(1)
9.7 Modeling of CCFL Based on the Separated-Flow Momentum Equations
241(4)
10 Two-Phase Flow in Small Flow Passages
245(42)
10.1 Two-Phase Flow Regimes in Minichannels
245(7)
10.2 Void Fraction in Minichannels
252(2)
10.3 Two-Phase Flow Regimes and Void Fraction in Microchannels
254(3)
10.4 Two-Phase Flow and Void Fraction in Thin Rectangular Channels and Annuli
257(4)
10.4.1 Flow Regimes in Vertical and Inclined Channels
258(1)
10.4.2 Flow Regimes in Rectangular Channels and Annuli
259(2)
10.5 Two-Phase Pressure Drop
261(7)
10.6 Semitheoretical Models for Pressure Drop in the Intermittent Flow Regime
268(3)
10.7 Ideal, Laminar Annular Flow
271(1)
10.8 The Bubble Train (Taylor Flow) Regime
272(7)
10.8.1 General Remarks
272(3)
10.8.2 Some Useful Correlations
275(4)
10.9 Pressure Drop Caused by Flow-Area Changes
279(8)
Part Two. Boiling And Condensation
11 Pool Boiling
287(34)
11.1 The Pool Boiling Curve
287(4)
11.2 Heterogeneous Bubble Nucleation and Ebullition
291(9)
11.2.1 Heterogeneous Bubble Nucleation and Active Nucleation Sites
291(5)
11.2.2 Bubble Ebullition
296(3)
11.2.3 Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Nucleate Boiling
299(1)
11.3 Nucleate Boiling Correlations
300(6)
11.4 The Hydrodynamic Theory of Boiling and Critical Heat Flux
306(3)
11.5 Film Boiling
309(7)
11.5.1 Film Boiling on a Horizontal, Flat Surface
309(3)
11.5.2 Film Boiling on a Vertical, Flat Surface
312(3)
11.5.3 Film Boiling on Horizontal Tubes
315(1)
11.5.4 The Effect of Thermal Radiation in Film Boiling
315(1)
11.6 Minimum Film Boiling
316(2)
11.7 Transition Boiling
318(3)
12 Flow Boiling
321
12.1 Forced-Flow Boiling Regimes
321(7)
12.2 Flow Boiling Curves
328(1)
12.3 Flow Patterns and Temperature Variation in Subcooled Boiling
329(2)
12.4 Onset of Nucleate Boiling
331(5)
12.5 Empirical Correlations for the Onset of Significant Void
336(1)
12.6 Mechanistic Models for Hydrodynamically Controlled Onset of Significant Void
337(3)
12.7 Transition from Partial Boiling to Fully Developed Subcooled Boiling
340(1)
12.8 Hydrodynamics of Subcooled Flow Boiling
341(5)
12.9 Pressure Drop in Subcooled Flow Boiling
346(1)
12.10 Partial Flow Boiling
347(1)
12.11 Fully Developed Subcooled Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Correlations
347(2)
12.12 Characteristics of Saturated Flow Boiling
349(1)
12.13 Saturated Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Correlations
350(8)
12.14 Flow-Regime-Dependent Correlations for Saturated Boiling in Horizontal Channels
358(4)
12.15 Two-Phase Flow Instability
362
12.15.1 Static Instabilities
362(3)
12.15.2 Dynamic Instabilities
365
13 Critical Heat Flux and Post-CHF Heat Transfer in Flow Boiling
171(234)
13.1 Critical Heat Flux Mechanisms
371(3)
13.2 Experiments and Parametric Trends
374(4)
13.3 Correlations for Upward Flow in Vertical Channels
378(9)
13.4 Correlations for Subcooled Upward Flow of Water in Vertical Channels
387(2)
13.5 Mechanistic Models for DNB
389(3)
13.6 Mechanistic Models for Dryout
392(2)
13.7 CHF in Inclined and Horizontal Channels
394(5)
13.8 Post-Critical Heat Flux Heat Transfer
399(6)
14 Flow Boiling and CHF in Small Passages
405(31)
14.1 Minichannel- and Microchannel-Based Cooling Systems
405(2)
14.2 Boiling Two-Phase Flow Patterns and Flow Instability
407(7)
14.2.1 Flow Regimes in Minichannels with Hard Inlet Conditions
410(1)
14.2.2 Flow Regimes in Arrays of Parallel Channels
411(3)
14.3 Onset of Nucleate Boiling and Onset of Significant Void
414(5)
14.3.1 ONB and OSV in Channels with Hard Inlet Conditions
414(3)
14.3.2 Boiling Initiation and Evolution in Arrays of Parallel Mini- and Microchannels
417(2)
14.4 Boiling Heat Transfer
419(8)
14.4.1 Background and Experimental Data
419(1)
14.4.2 Boiling Heat Transfer Mechanisms
420(3)
14.4.3 Flow Boiling Correlations
423(4)
14.5 Critical Heat Flux in Small Channels
427(9)
14.5.1 General Remarks and Parametric Trends in the Available Data
427(3)
14.5.2 Models and Correlations
430(6)
15 Fundamentals of Condensation
436(26)
15.1 Basic Processes in Condensation
436(3)
15.2 Thermal Resistances in Condensation
439(2)
15.3 Laminar Condensation on Isothermal, Vertical, and Inclined Flat Surfaces
441(6)
15.4 Empirical Correlations for Wavy-Laminar and Turbulent Film Condensation on Vertical Flat Surfaces
447(2)
15.5 Interfacial Shear
449(1)
15.6 Laminar Film Condensation on Horizontal Tubes
450(4)
15.7 Condensation in the Presence of a Noncondensable
454(3)
15.8 Fog Formation
457(5)
16 Internal-Flow Condensation and Condensation on Liquid Jets and Droplets
462(37)
16.1 Introduction
462(1)
16.2 Two-Phase Flow Regimes
463(4)
16.3 Condensation Heat Transfer Correlations for a Pure Saturated Vapor
467(10)
16.3.1 Correlations for Vertical, Downward Flow
467(2)
16.3.2 Correlations for Horizontal Flow
469(3)
16.3.3 Semi-Analytical Models for Horizontal Flow
472(5)
16.4 Effect of Noncondensables on Condensation Heat Transfer
477(1)
16.5 Direct-Contact Condensation
478(5)
16.6 Mechanistic Models for Condensing Annular Flow
483(5)
16.7 Flow Condensation in Small Channels
488(3)
16.8 Condensation Flow Regimes and Pressure Drop in Small Channels
491(2)
16.8.1 Flow Regimes in Minichannels
491(1)
16.8.2 Flow Regimes in Microchannels
492(1)
16.8.3 Pressure Drop in Condensing Two-Phase Flows
493(1)
16.9 Flow Condensation Heat Transfer in Small Channels
493(6)
17 Choking in Two-Phase Flow
499(30)
17.1 Physics of Choking
499(1)
17.2 Velocity of Sound in Single-Phase Fluids
499(2)
17.3 Critical Discharge Rate in Single-Phase Flow
501(1)
17.4 Choking in Homogeneous Two-Phase Flow
502(2)
17.5 Choking in Two-Phase Flow with Interphase Slip
504(1)
17.6 Critical Two-Phase Flow Models
505(7)
17.6.1 The Homogeneous-Equilibrium Isentropic Model
505(2)
17.6.2 Critical Flow Model of Moody
507(2)
17.6.3 Critical Flow Model of Henry and Fauski
509(3)
17.7 RETRAN Curve Fits for Critical Discharge of Water and Steam
512(2)
17.8 Critical Flow Models of Leung and Grolmes
514(5)
17.9 Choked Two-Phase Flow in Small Passages
519(4)
17.10 Nonequilibrium Mechanistic Modeling of Choked Two-Phase Flow
523(6)
Appendix A: Thermodynamic Properties of Saturated Water and Steam 529(2)
Appendix B: Transport Properties of Saturated Water and Steam 531(2)
Appendix C: Thermodynamic Properties of Saturated Liquid and Vapor for Selected Refrigerants 533(10)
Appendix D: Properties of Selected Ideal Gases at 1 Atmosphere 543(6)
Appendix E: Binary Diffusion Coefficients of Selected Gases in Air at 1 Atmosphere 549(2)
Appendix F: Henry's Constant of Dilute Aqueous Solutions of Selected Substances at Moderate Pressures 551(2)
Appendix G: Diffusion Coefficients of Selected Substances in Water at Infinite Dilution at 25°C 553(2)
Appendix H: Lennard—Jones Potential Model Constants for Selected Molecules 555(2)
Appendix I: Collision Integrates for the Lennard—Jones Potential Model 557(2)
Appendix J: Physical Constants 559(2)
Appendix K: Unit Conversions 561(2)
References 563(38)
Index 601
Mostafa Ghiaasiaan is a Professor in the George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech. Before joining the faculty, Professor Ghiaasiaan worked in the Aerospace and Nuclear Power industry for 8 years, conducting research and development activity on modeling and simulation of transport processes, multi-phase flow, and nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulics and safety. His current research areas include nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulics, particle transport, cryogenics and cryocoolers, and multiphase flow and change-of-phase heat transfer in microchannels. Professor Ghiaasiaan has more than 150 publications, including 80 journal articles, on transport phenomena and multiphase flow. Ghiaasiaan was made a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and has been a member of that organization and the American Nuclear Society (ANS) for more than 20 years. Currently he serves as the Executive Editor for Asia, Africa, and Australia, of the journal Annals of Nuclear Energy.