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Physical Activity and the Aging Brain: Effects of Exercise on Neurological Function [Kõva köide]

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Edited by (Professor, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health and School of Medicine, Arizona Health Sciences Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 238 pages, kõrgus x laius: 276x216 mm, kaal: 880 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Jan-2017
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128050942
  • ISBN-13: 9780128050941
Teised raamatud teemal:
Physical Activity and the Aging Brain: Effects of Exercise on Neurological FunctionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Hardback, 238 pages, kõrgus x laius: 276x216 mm, kaal: 880 g
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Jan-2017
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0128050942
  • ISBN-13: 9780128050941
Teised raamatud teemal:
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9780128050941.html
Märksõnad:

Physical Activity and the Aging Brain: Effects of Exercise on Neurological Function is a complete guide to the manifold effects of exercise and physical activity on the aging brain. Cognitive decline and motor impairment, onset of diseases and disorders, and even changes in family structure and social settings that occur as we age can all impact activity levels, yet continued physical activity is crucial for successful neurological functioning.

This book examines the role that exercise and physical activity play in halting or modulating the deleterious effects of these numerous aging concerns by first examining the current state of research into how exercise manifests physical changes in the brain. It then discuss how physical activity combines with other lifestyle factors to benefit the aging brain, including nutrition, computerized brain training, and social engagement. Most significantly, it also covers how physical activity can serve as therapy to help alleviate the symptoms of various neurological diseases impacting aging populations, with particular emphasis on Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline.

The book provides broad coverage of the effects of exercise and physical activity on the aging brain, its therapeutic effects, and the many factors that influence the aging process.

  • Presents research scientists with a complete understanding of the role of exercise in healthy brain aging
  • Considers the roles of nutrition, the mind-body connection, and other lifestyle factors
  • Presents a major resource for exercise and physical activity in the neurological health of older adults
  • Provides a synopsis of key ideas associated with the many aspects of physical activity, along with lifestyle factors that can modify neurological diseases and age-related neurological decline

Muu info

Explores the impact of exercise on the brain, neurological concerns mitigated by exercise, and other aging-related factors that impact physical activity
List of Contributors
xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
I OVERVIEW OF EXERCISE AND NEUROLOGICAL CHANGES
1 Effects of Physical Activity on the Cerebral Networks
A. Begega
P. Alvarez-Suarez
P. Sampedro-Piquero
M. Cuesta
What Is Cognitive Ageing?
3(1)
Physical Exercise and Health
4(1)
Cognitive Ageing and Cerebral Networks
5(2)
Physical Activity, Cognitive Reserve, and Neuroplasticity: Three Allies for Successful Ageing
7(1)
Molecular Basis of Exercise and the Ageing Brain
8(1)
Acknowledgments
8(1)
References
9(4)
2 Exercise and the Developing Brain in Children and Adolescents
M.M. Herting
M.F. Keenan
Measuring Physical Activity Levels and Aerobic Fitness in Youth
13(1)
Brain Development as Measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
13(1)
Aerobic Exercise and Brain Structure
14(2)
Aerobic Exercise and Brain Activity
16(1)
Aerobic Exercise and Cognition
17(1)
Remaining Questions and Future Directions
17(1)
Summary
18(1)
References
18(3)
3 Differential Expression of the Brain Proteome in Physical Training
T. Ravikiran
R. Vani
S. Anand
Introduction
21(1)
Methodology
22(1)
Sample Preparation
22(1)
Two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (2D-PAGE)
23(3)
Conclusion
26(1)
Acknowledgments
26(1)
References
26(3)
4 Physical Exercise-Induced Changes in Brain Temperature
A.C. Kunstetter
W.C. Damasceno
C.G. Fonseca
S.P. Wanner
Introduction
29(1)
Measuring Brain Temperature During Exercise
30(1)
Effects of Exercise on TBRAIN
30(7)
Final Remarks
37(1)
References
37(4)
II DRUGS OF ABUSE WITH EXERCISE TO MODIFY NEUROLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
5 Physical Activity as a Therapeutic Intervention for Addictive Disorders: Interactions With Methamphetamine
S.S. Somkuwar
M.J. Fannon-Pavlich
C.D. Mandyam
Introduction
41(1)
Animal Models of Drug Reinforcement and Reward to Illicit Drugs
42(1)
Animal Models of Sustained Physical Activity
43(1)
Convergence Between Methamphetamine Self-Administration and Sustained Physical Activity in Animal Models
43(2)
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Reinforcing Effects of Methamphetamine and Wheel Running
45(1)
Neuroprotection by Wheel Running: Significant Interactions With Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity
45(2)
Exercise as a Therapeutic Intervention for Methamphetamine Addiction
47(1)
Acknowledgments
48(1)
References
48(5)
6 Pharmacological Intervention of Brain Neurotransmission Affects Exercise Capacity
X. Zheng
H. Hasegawa
Introduction
53(1)
The Structure and Function of the Nervous System
53(1)
Physiological Properties of Monoamines
54(3)
Monoamine and Exercise
57(2)
Drugs Manipulating Brain Monoamine and Exercise Performance
59(3)
Summary
62(1)
References
63(2)
7 The Endocannabinoid System and Chronic Disease: Opportunity for Innovative Therapies
A. Yoder
Introduction
65(1)
History of the Runner's High
65(1)
Effects of Endocannabinoid System Stimulation
66(2)
Possibilities of Therapeutic Uses of the Endocannabinoid System in Chronic Conditions
68(1)
Brain Derived Neurotropic Factor and Depression
68(1)
Chronic Pain
69(1)
Epilepsy
69(1)
Musculoskeletal Disorders
70(1)
Alzheimer's Disease
70(1)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
71(1)
Stress-Related Disorders
71(1)
Conclusion
72(1)
References
72(5)
III FACTORS MODULATING EXERCISE IN AGING AND NEUROLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES
8 Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow During Steady-State Exercise
M. Hiura
T. Nariai
Introduction
77(1)
CBF Estimated by TCD Method
78(1)
rCBF Measurement Using PET
79(1)
Increased rCBF During Exercise: Underlying Possible Mechanisms
80(2)
Increased rCBF During Exercise and Beneficial Effects of Brain
82(1)
Conclusion
83(1)
Acknowledgments
83(1)
Disclosure/Conflict of Interest
83(1)
References
83(2)
9 Biochemical Mechanisms Associated With Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection in Aging Brains and Related Neurological Diseases
M.S. Shanmugam
W.M. Tierney
R.A. Hernandez
A. Cruz
T.L. Uhlendorf
R.W. Cohen
Introduction
85(1)
Exercise Effects: Neurotrophic Factors
86(1)
Exercise Effects: Epigenetics
86(1)
Exercise Effects: Apoptosis
87(1)
Exercise Effects: Oxidative Stress
88(1)
Exercise Effects: Neurogenesis
88(1)
Exercise Effects: Synaptogenesis
89(1)
Exercise Effects: Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases
90(1)
Conclusions
91(1)
References
91(4)
10 Role of Melatonin Supplementation During Strenuous Exercise
J. Diaz-Castro
M. Pulido-Moran
J. Moreno-Fernandez
N. Kajarabille
S. Hijano
J.J. Ochoa
Melatonin: Sources, Biosynthesis, and Physiological Effects
95(1)
Exercise: Oxidative Stress and Induced Inflammatory Signaling
96(1)
Melatonin and Inflammatory Signaling
97(1)
Effects of Melatonin in Strenuous Exercise
98(2)
References
100(7)
IV EXERCISE AS THERAPY FOR NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES
11 Mechanisms of Functional Recovery With Exercise and Rehabilitation in Spinal Cord Injuries
M. Cowan
R.M. Ichiyama
Introduction
107(1)
Mechanisms Underlying of Rehabilitation
108(4)
Refining Rehabilitation Programs
112(3)
Conclusions
115(1)
References
116(5)
12 Neural Structure, Connectivity, and Cognition Changes Associated to Physical Exercise
S. Bonavita
G. Tedeschi
Introduction
121(8)
References
129(4)
13 The Effect of Exercise on Motor Function and Neuroplasticity in Parkinson's Disease
J. Watson
K.E. Welman
B. Sehm
Introduction
133(1)
Parkinson's Disease
133(2)
Exercise Interventions in Parkinson's Disease Patients
135(1)
The Effects of Exercise on the Parkinsonian Brain---Animal Models
135(2)
The Effects of Exercise on the Parkinsonian Brain---Human Studies
137(1)
Conclusion
138(1)
References
138(3)
14 Physical Exercise and Its Effects on Alzheimer's Disease
A.M. Stein
R.V. Pedroso
Introduction
141(1)
Alzheimer's Disease and Level of Physical Activity
141(1)
Alzheimer's Disease and Physical Activity Programs
142(1)
Alzheimer's Disease, Physical Exercise, and Cognitive Functions
142(3)
Alzheimer's Disease, Physical Exercise, and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms
145(1)
Alzheimer's Disease, Physical Exercise, and Functional Capacity
145(1)
Alzheimer's Disease, Physical Exercise, and Biomarkers
146(2)
Final Considerations
148(1)
References
148(3)
15 Cortical Reorganization in Response to Exercise
P. Stephane
Introduction
151(1)
The Exercising Brain
152(3)
Fatigue-related Brain Reorganization
155(1)
Brain Reorganization After Stroke
156(1)
Conclusion
157(1)
References
157(4)
16 Exercise Enhances Cognitive Capacity in the Aging Brain
S. Snigdha
G.A. Prieto
Introduction
161(1)
The Aging Brain
161(1)
Making the Connection---Moving the Body Builds the Brain
162(1)
Physical Exercise for Preventing Age-Related Cognitive Decline
162(3)
Molecular and Cellular Building Blocks for Brain Remodeling by Exercise
165(3)
Conclusion
168(1)
References
168(7)
V LIFESTYLE EXERCISE AFFECTING NEUROLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS
17 Synergistic Effects of Combined Physical Activity and Brain Training on Neurological Functions
T.M. Shah
R.N. Martins
Introduction
175(1)
Leisure Activities Improves Cognition and Reduces the Risk of Dementia and AD
176(1)
Combined Physical and Cognitive Training Interventions Show Stronger Cognitive Benefits
176(2)
Mechanisms Underlying the Synergistic Effects of Combined Physical and Mental Activities for Healthy Brain Aging
178(2)
Future Directions
180(1)
References
181(4)
18 Physical Activity: Effects of Exercise on Neurological Function
R. Beurskens
M. Dalecki
Introduction
185(1)
Age-related Functional and Structural Changes in the Human Brain
185(3)
Theories of Neural Plasticity in Older Adults
188(2)
Exercise and Neurological Changes
190(3)
Exercise as Therapy for Neurological Diseases
193(2)
Conclusion
195(1)
References
195(4)
19 Update of Nutritional Antioxidants and Antinociceptives on Improving Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness
N. Leelayuwat
Introduction
199(1)
Mechanisms Responsible for the DOMS
199(2)
Endogenous Antioxidants and Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness
201(1)
Nutritional Antioxidants and Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness
201(1)
Antioxidant Supplements
201(3)
Functional Foods With High Antioxidant Concentrations
204(1)
Antinociceptive Supplements and Exercise-Induced Muscle Soreness
205(1)
References
206(3)
20 Effects of Exercise-Altered Immune Functions on Neuroplasticity
A.L. Aral
L. Pinar
Introduction
209(1)
Effects of Exercise on Immune Function
209(2)
Role of Exercise in Enhancing Brain Capacity Through Neuroplasticity
211(1)
Immunity of the CNS
212(1)
Effects of Exercise-Altered Immune Function on Neuroplasticity
213(2)
References
215(4)
Index 219
Ronald Ross Watson, PhD, is Professor of Health Promotion Sciences at the University of Arizona, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health. Dr. Watson began his research in public health at the Harvard School of Public Health as a Fellow in 1971 doing field work on vaccines in Saudi Arabia. He has done clinical studies in Colombia, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the United States which provides a broad international view of public health. He has served in the military reserve hospital for 17 years with extensive training in medical responses to disasters as the chief biochemistry officer of a general hospital, retiring as a Lt. Colonel. He is a distinguished member of several national and international nutrition, immunology, and cancer societies. Dr. Watsons career has involved studying many lifestyle aspects for their uses in health promotion. He has edited over 100 biomedical reference books and 450 papers and chapters. His teaching and research focuses on alcohol, tobacco, and drugs of abuse in heart function and disease in mouse models.