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Risk and Hazard Management for Festivals and Events [Pehme köide]

(Southern Cross University, Australia)
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 312 pages, kõrgus x laius: 246x174 mm, kaal: 602 g, 10 Tables, black and white; 2 Line drawings, black and white; 24 Halftones, black and white; 26 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 14-Sep-2017
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138678392
  • ISBN-13: 9781138678392
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Risk and Hazard Management for Festivals and EventsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: Paperback / softback, 312 pages, kõrgus x laius: 246x174 mm, kaal: 602 g, 10 Tables, black and white; 2 Line drawings, black and white; 24 Halftones, black and white; 26 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 14-Sep-2017
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138678392
  • ISBN-13: 9781138678392
Teised raamatud teemal:
Teised raamatud sellest sooduspakkumisest: Taylor & Francis humanitaariaraamatud International Student Editions hindadega
Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781138678392.html
Märksõnad:
Events of all types are produced every day for all manner of purposes, attracting all sorts of people. To provide a safe and secure setting in which people gather is imperative. Event risk and hazard management must be fully integrated into all event plans and throughout the event management process.Hazard management is the planning process required for the effective management of potential adverse incidents and areas of uncertainty. It involves intensive, detailed planning and cooperation to apply control systems to minimise hazards associated with venues, outdoor sites, work procedures, facilities, equipment and crowds of spectators. It involves planning for emergencies and security, and compliance with legal constraints and requirements. Risk and Hazard Management for Festivals and Events provides students with a comprehensive, fully integrated planning and management mechanism that can be applied to events of all types and size. The Event Safety Management System provides guidelines and processes for proactive methods to identify, assess and control hazardous conditions and practices. The system incorporates design of festival venues and sites, and unites the operational functions of crowd control, communications, security, terrorism prevention processes and emergency response protocols. Explanation of the causes of crowd disasters and studies into crowd behaviour are supported with international case studies. Written in an accessible, practical way, this book is essential reading for all events students and event managers.

Arvustused

This book is an immensely readable and highly practical guide to the increasingly important topic of event hazard and risk management. It contains a wealth of information and ideas, protocols and policies, seamlessly combining theory and best practice. It will be an invaluable guide for event practitioners and an excellent overview of the subject for events management students and academics.

Tony Rogers, Managing Director, Tony Rogers Conference & Event Services, United Kingdom

This is an excellent book. The author writes in a clear and precise style. He touches on numerous areas that must be of importance for anyone doing event risk management. The book covers a wide range of topics from terrorism to crime, from suicide attacks to protecting open spaces. I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in this field. It is an asset to both the practitioner and to the scholar.

Peter Tarlow, President and Founder, Tourism & More, United States of America

List of figures
xvii
Preface xix
Acknowledgements xxiii
1 Event hazard and risk management: regulations and legislation
1(17)
Chapter objectives
1(1)
Duty of care
2(2)
ALARP: managing hazard to a level that is `as low as reasonably practicable'
4(1)
Occupational health and safety
4(3)
Defining occupational health and safety (OH&S)
5(1)
Information sources
6(1)
Workplace health and safety responsibilities
7(2)
Persons conducting a business or undertaking
7(1)
Consultation
8(1)
Definition of worker
8(1)
Other persons at an event
9(1)
Laws, regulations and codes of practice
9(4)
Regulations -- prescriptive standards
10(1)
Performance-based standards
10(1)
Process standards
11(1)
Codes of practice
11(1)
Administration of legislation
12(1)
Inspections
12(1)
Notification
13(1)
Waivers
13(2)
Manage the risk
14(1)
Transfer the risk
14(1)
Process
15(1)
Summary
15(1)
Bibliography
16(2)
2 Event Safety Management System (ESMS)
18(27)
Chapter objectives
18(2)
Event safety policy
20(5)
Organisational structure and allocation of responsibilities
21(1)
Health and safety officer
22(1)
Partnerships
22(2)
Multi-agency teamwork
24(1)
Implementing a safety planning process
25(1)
Identifying activities
26(1)
Hazard and risk management process
26(3)
Hazard management definitions
27(2)
Hazard evaluation
29(6)
Establish the context
29(1)
The main steps in identifying hazardous conditions
30(1)
Checklists
30(3)
Evaluation of hazards
33(1)
Priority
34(1)
Software
35(1)
Control of hazards
35(2)
Protocols
37(4)
Public
37(1)
Basic
37(3)
Specific
40(1)
Comprehensive
40(1)
Monitoring and evaluation
41(1)
Monitor and review
41(1)
Information management
42(1)
Summary
42(2)
Bibliography
44(1)
3 Understanding crowd disasters
45(19)
Chapter objectives
45(1)
Death and injury in crowds at festivals and events
46(1)
Crowd crush
47(1)
Crowd turbulence or crowd quake
47(2)
Defining crowds
49(3)
One crowd or many
51(1)
Crowd behaviour theory
52(4)
Crowding perception
53(2)
Place scripts (habitual behaviour in a place)
55(1)
Crowd behaviour in an emergency
56(3)
Summary
59(1)
Bibliography
59(5)
4 Crowd management planning
64(16)
Chapter objectives
64(2)
Managing crowds
66(1)
Crowd management or crowd control
67(2)
Planning and preparation
68(1)
Good practice manuals for crowd management planning
69(1)
What if...? Simulation modelling
69(4)
Modelling techniques
71(1)
Various models for simulating crowd behaviours
71(2)
Evacuation simulation software
73(2)
`What if' exercises
75(1)
DIM-ICE model
75(2)
Summary
77(1)
Bibliography
77(3)
5 Space and flow in public areas
80(26)
Chapter objectives
80(2)
Space
82(1)
Density and movement
82(2)
Crowd flow
84(1)
Crowd processing
85(3)
Early opening and delayed closing
86(1)
Ticketing
87(1)
Queueing theory
88(1)
Flow charts
88(2)
Crowd monitoring and control
90(3)
Crowd characteristics
91(2)
Crowd control staff
93(2)
Assessing required staff numbers
94(1)
Stewarding and ushering
95(3)
Crowd monitoring tasks
97(1)
Monitoring points
97(1)
Closed circuit television (CCTV)
98(1)
Post-event dispersal of the crowd
99(1)
Staff crowd management training
100(1)
Communicating with the crowd
100(2)
Pre-event communication
101(1)
During the event
102(1)
Communication messages
102(1)
Site administration office -- communications centre
102(1)
On-site communication systems
103(1)
Summary
103(1)
Bibliography
104(2)
6 Safe site design
106(42)
Chapter objectives
106(1)
Estimates of audience numbers
107(1)
Site and venue safety evaluation
108(3)
Pre-event inspection
109(1)
Environmental hazards
110(1)
Swimming and water areas
111(1)
Site layout and design
111(3)
Separation issues
112(1)
Crowd/traffic-related issues
112(1)
Access entry
113(1)
Emergency services access
113(1)
Street and unconfined events
114(1)
Sitemaps
115(2)
Creating the site map
115(2)
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
117(1)
Vehicle traffic management
117(3)
Crowd/traffic-separation related issues
118(2)
Parking
120(1)
Secure parking
121(1)
Traffic and parking controls
121(1)
Public transport
121(1)
Event signage
122(2)
Entrances and perimeters
124(1)
Barriers and fences
124(1)
Entrances and exits
125(1)
Internal site movement control
125(3)
Stairways, gangways and ramps
126(1)
Auditorium
126(1)
Seating
127(1)
Location of stages
127(1)
Accommodating special needs
127(1)
Facilities and stalls
128(1)
Restricted areas
128(4)
Backstage
129(2)
Green room
131(1)
Stage
131(1)
On-site facilities and services
132(3)
Site lighting and power requirements
132(1)
Power supply
132(1)
Stages, platforms and other performance facilities
133(1)
Temporary structures
134(1)
Doors and windows
134(1)
Seating
134(1)
Loading
135(1)
Toilet facilities
135(3)
Food vendors and staff toilets
137(1)
Maintenance
137(1)
Campgrounds
138(1)
Water
139(1)
Waste management
139(2)
Litter management
140(1)
On-site first aid -- emergency medical aid
141(3)
Medical teams
142(1)
First aid facilities
142(2)
Ambulance services
144(1)
Summary
144(2)
Bibliography
146(2)
7 Site management: production and operational work practice hazards
148(33)
Chapter objectives
148(1)
Production -- overseeing and coordinating the site/venue set-up
149(1)
Site construction scheduling
150(1)
Production scheduling
150(1)
Schedule of resource supply
151(1)
Site construction
151(3)
Precinct control
151(1)
Sub-contractor management
152(1)
Safety monitoring
153(1)
Weather impacts
153(1)
On-site operations and facility control
154(1)
Site operations
154(3)
Immediate pre-opening activities
154(1)
Supervision of the event operation and venue services
155(1)
Compliance
156(1)
On-site staff communications
157(2)
Communications within the venue
157(2)
Overseeing of the event breakdown
159(1)
Safe work practices and equipment use
160(1)
Violence
160(2)
Assessing the risk
161(1)
Controlling the risk
161(1)
Response to violent incidents
162(1)
Stress
162(2)
Identifying stress
163(1)
Assessing the risk
163(1)
Controlling the risk
163(1)
Ergonomics
164(2)
Identifying and managing ergonomic hazards
166(1)
Personal protective clothing and equipment
166(2)
Performance area and stage safety
168(2)
Performer misbehaviour
170(1)
Hazardous equipment
170(5)
Registration, licensing, certification, permit to work
171(1)
Hazard identification and assessment process
171(1)
Overseeing equipment use work processes
171(1)
Common types of controls associated with equipment
172(2)
Stop work
174(1)
Key information transfer and feedback
174(1)
Staging equipment
175(1)
Hazardous substances and dangerous goods
176(1)
Control
176(1)
Fireworks and flares
177(1)
Fire safety
177(1)
Summary
178(1)
Bibliography
179(2)
8 Food, alcohol and drugs
181(29)
Chapter objectives
181(1)
Food
182(1)
Food vans or stalls
182(4)
Refuse disposal
183(1)
Hand washing
183(1)
Food supplies
184(1)
Food handling
184(1)
Thawing, cooking, heating and cooling
184(1)
Cleaning and sanitising
184(1)
Chemical storage
185(1)
Food storage -- temperature control
185(1)
Food handling staff considerations
185(1)
Gas cylinders
185(1)
Other stall holders
186(1)
Tattooing and body piercing
186(1)
Alcohol and drug use at festivals
186(1)
Safe partying
186(1)
Alcohol
187(11)
Adverse health and social effects
188(1)
Implementing strategies to assist guests to drink responsibly
189(1)
Harm minimisation benefits
189(1)
Responsible service of alcohol
190(1)
Staff
190(1)
Alcohol-free events
191(1)
Selling alcohol
191(1)
Time
192(1)
Designated area
192(1)
Age
193(1)
Wristbanding
193(1)
Food
194(1)
Signage
194(1)
Monitoring guests for intoxication
195(1)
Refusing to serve alcohol to intoxicated guests
196(1)
Removal of patrons from licensed premises
196(1)
Assisted removals
196(1)
Multiple assisted removals
197(1)
Other considerations
197(1)
On-site breathalysers
197(1)
Illicit drugs
198(3)
Mixing alcohol and drugs
198(2)
Overdoses
200(1)
Pill testing
201(3)
Support for testing
202(1)
Arguments against testing
203(1)
Water
204(1)
Chill-out space
204(1)
Health promotion
204(1)
Infection control and personal hygiene issues
205(1)
Sexual assault at music festivals
205(1)
Offensive behaviour
205(1)
Summary
206(1)
Bibliography
207(3)
9 Security and law enforcement on-site
210(19)
Chapter objectives
210(2)
Police
212(1)
General security staff
213(1)
Screening and patrolling
214(1)
Briefing
214(1)
Security procedures
215(1)
Passes
216(2)
Media passes
217(1)
Temporary passes
218(1)
Searching of persons entering the event
218(1)
Bag checks
218(1)
Body searches
218(1)
Warning notices
218(1)
Confiscated items
219(1)
Staff
219(1)
Selecting a security contractor
219(2)
Security screening of staff
221(2)
Controls
221(1)
Pre-employment screening
221(1)
Pre-employment checks
222(1)
Identity
222(1)
Qualifications and employment history
222(1)
Employment checks
222(1)
Criminal convictions
223(1)
Security checks for contractor staff
223(1)
Performer, celebrity and VIP security
223(2)
Shared responsibilities
224(1)
Celebrity behaviour
225(1)
Liaison with VIP security
225(1)
High profile events
225(2)
Enhanced security provision at high profile events
226(1)
Extra measures to be considered
226(1)
VIP area passes
226(1)
Security passes
227(1)
Summary
227(1)
Bibliography
228(1)
10 Counter terrorism protective security
229(22)
Chapter objectives
229(1)
Counter terrorism protective security advice for major events
230(2)
Managing the terrorism risks
232(2)
Protective measures
232(1)
Step one Identify the Threats
232(1)
Step two Protecting and Identifying Vulnerabilities
233(1)
Step three Identify Measures to Reduce Risk
233(1)
Step four Review Security Measures and Rehearse and Review Security and Contingency Plans
234(1)
Threat levels
234(1)
Response levels
234(1)
Protective security planning
235(2)
Creating the security plan
236(1)
Staff security awareness
237(1)
Improvised explosive devices
237(3)
Explosive effects of a bomb
237(1)
Causes of fatalities, injuries and damage from blasts
238(1)
Controls
238(1)
Protocols applicable to most incidents
238(1)
Site search
239(1)
Search plans
239(1)
Bomb threat
239(1)
Suicide bomb attacks
240(1)
Controls
240(1)
Firearm attacks
241(3)
Controls
241(1)
Staff protocols for a firearms/weapons incident
242(1)
Police response
243(1)
Protected spaces
244(1)
Open air events
244(1)
Suspicious deliveries
245(1)
Controls
245(1)
Chemical, biological or radiological material attacks
246(1)
Controls
246(1)
Heavy vehicle attacks
246(1)
Controls
247(1)
Hostile reconnaissance
247(1)
What to look for
248(1)
Controls
248(1)
Summary
248(1)
Bibliography
249(2)
11 Emergency response
251(30)
Chapter objectives
251(2)
Cancelling the event
253(1)
Suspending or re-scheduling
254(1)
Cancellation process
254(1)
Emergency Operations Centre (EOC)
254(3)
Documented procedures
255(1)
Staff
256(1)
Transition considerations
256(1)
Emergency power
256(1)
Emergency communications procedures
257(1)
Informing the public of an emergency
257(1)
Staff communications during an emergency
258(1)
Emergency communications planning
258(1)
Interagency communications
259(2)
Use of social media
261(1)
Protocols for responding to an emergency
261(2)
Emergency grab bags
263(2)
Evacuation
265(1)
Planning
265(2)
Decision to evacuate
267(1)
Delayed warnings
268(1)
Instructions to the public
269(1)
Warning interpretation
269(1)
Information and instruction
269(1)
Crowd behaviours in emergencies
270(1)
Evacuation guidance
271(2)
Emergency signs
272(1)
Leadership
272(1)
Evacuation assembly areas
273(1)
Evacuation and assembly areas
273(1)
Actions within the assembly area
273(1)
Post-emergency recovery phase
274(1)
When to re-open the venue
274(1)
Staff training
275(1)
Emergency drills
276(1)
Equipment testing
276(1)
Summary
276(1)
Bibliography
277(4)
12 Incident reporting and investigation
281(11)
Chapter objectives
281(1)
Incident investigation processes
282(4)
Incident protocols
282(2)
Investigations
284(1)
Gathering information
284(1)
Investigating the incident cause
285(1)
Causal analysis tree model of an investigation
286(1)
Incident report
286(1)
Post-event hazard control review and report
287(2)
Recording issues
287(1)
Debriefing
288(1)
Revising plans and procedures
288(1)
Summary
289(1)
Bibliography
290(2)
Appendix: case studies 292(10)
Index 302
Peter Wynn-Moylan is a Lecturer on Special Events and Conventions Management at the School of Business and Tourism, Southern Cross University, Australia. He has had a 40-year career in event management covering all aspects of the industry.