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Skeptic's Guide to Sports Science: Confronting Myths of the Health and Fitness Industry [Kõva köide]

(Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University)
  • Formaat: Hardback, 206 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 453 g, 5 Halftones, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Apr-2020
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138333123
  • ISBN-13: 9781138333123
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  • Formaat: Hardback, 206 pages, kõrgus x laius: 229x152 mm, kaal: 453 g, 5 Halftones, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Apr-2020
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 1138333123
  • ISBN-13: 9781138333123

The global health and fitness industry is worth an estimated $4 trillion. We spend $90 billion each year on health club memberships and $100 billion each year on dietary supplements. In such an industrial climate, lax regulations on the products we are sold (supplements, fad-diets, training programs, gadgets, and garments) result in marketing campaigns underpinned by strong claims and weak evidence. Moreover, our critical faculties are ill-suited to a culture characterized by fake news, social media, misinformation, and bad science. We have become walking, talking prey to 21st-Century Snake Oil salesmen.

In The Skeptic’s Guide to Sports Science, Nicholas B. Tiller confronts the claims behind the products and the evidence behind the claims. The author discusses what might be wrong with the sales pitch, the glossy magazine advert, and the celebrity endorsements that our heuristically-wired brains find so innately attractive. Tiller also explores the appeal of the one quick fix, the fallacious arguments that are a mainstay of product advertising, and the critical steps we must take in retraining our minds to navigate the pitfalls of the modern consumerist culture.

This informative and accessible volume pulls no punches in scrutinizing the plausibility of, and evidence for, the most popular sports products and practices on the market. Readers are encouraged to confront their conceptualizations of the industry and, by the book’s end, they will have acquired the skills necessary to independently judge the effectiveness of sports-related products. This treatise on the commercialization of science in sport and exercise is a must-read for exercisers, athletes, students, and practitioners who hope to retain their intellectual integrity in a lucrative health and fitness industry that is spiraling out-of-control.

List of Figures
xi
Preface xii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Snake Oil for the 21st-century
1(24)
1.1 Beginnings
1(2)
1.2 Why Do We Take Shortcuts?
3(7)
1.3 A History of Health Claims
10(4)
1.4 The Post-Truth Era
14(4)
1.5 Failures in Education
18(5)
1.6 Carbohydrates, Vaccinations, and the Pope
23(2)
2 Sharpen Your Tools
25(12)
2.1 Consciousness-Raising
25(2)
2.2 Dihydrogen Monoxide
27(1)
2.3 Supermarket Scam?
28(3)
2.4 Out of Control
31(6)
3 Logical Fallacies in Sports Science
37(15)
3.1 Playing by the Rules
37(1)
3.2 The Logical Fallacy
38(14)
4 Show Me the Research
52(21)
4.1 Raise Your Standards
52(1)
4.2 Step 1: Fun with (Red) Flags
53(2)
4.3 Step 2: Prior Plausibility
55(3)
4.4 Step 3: Show me the Research!
58(7)
4.5 Step 4: How to Read a Paper
65(5)
4.6 Statistical versus Clinical Significance
70(1)
4.7 Other Resources
71(1)
4.8 Ask...
72(1)
5 Placebo Products and the Power of Perception
73(17)
5.1 Intuition versus Intellect
73(2)
5.2 Bias
75(4)
5.3 The Placebo Effect: A Historical Perspective
79(3)
5.4 How Do Placebos Work?
82(2)
5.5 Placebo Effects in Sport
84(2)
5.6 The Price of Placebo
86(4)
6 Sports Nutrition
90(22)
6.1 A Lucrative Industry
90(1)
6.2 The Good, the Bad, and the Tasty
91(1)
6.3 Nutritionist or Dietician?
92(1)
6.4 Nutrition in the Media
93(5)
6.5 Chasing the Headline; the Time I was Offered Money to Bias Data
98(1)
6.6 Organic Food
99(2)
6.7 Fruit, Vegetables, and the Myths of Dietary Fructose
101(2)
6.8 The 5-a-day Initiative
103(1)
6.9 Fad Diets
104(4)
6.10 Detoxing
108(2)
6.11 The Irony of Ignorance
110(2)
7 Supplements and Drugs
112(20)
7.1 Regulations? What Regulations?
112(2)
7.2 What are Supplements?
114(2)
7.3 Are Supplements Safe?
116(1)
7.4 Drugs in Your Supplements
117(2)
7.5 Should I Ever Use Supplements?
119(3)
7.6 Fat-Burning Supplements
122(2)
7.7 Protein, Protein, Everywhere
124(2)
7.8 Forty Years of Bad Science?
126(2)
7.9 Supplements with Robust Supporting Evidence
128(2)
7.10 Supplements without Robust Supporting Evidence
130(1)
7.11 Food Intended for Sportspeople
130(2)
8 Training Programs and Products
132(20)
8.1 Disproportionate Claims
132(2)
8.2 Recycling
134(2)
8.3 Barefoot Running (Shoes)
136(2)
8.4 Compression Garments and Tights
138(2)
8.5 Altitude Training
140(2)
8.6 Electrical Stimulation Devices
142(2)
8.7 Power Bracelets
144(3)
8.8 Nasal Strips
147(1)
8.9 Respiratory Muscle Trainers
148(4)
9 Complementary and Alternative Therapies in Sport
152(23)
9.1 What is Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)?
152(1)
9.2 Why Do People Use CAM?
153(3)
9.3 This is Pseudoscience
156(1)
9.4 Out With the Old, in With the New
157(1)
9.5 Cupping
158(2)
9.6 Reiki
160(2)
9.7 Acupuncture
162(3)
9.8 Traumeel
165(1)
9.9 Yoga
166(1)
9.10 Cryotherapy
167(3)
9.11 Chiropractic
170(5)
10 Check Your Ego
175(20)
10.1 Free Yourself
175(1)
10.2 Yearn to Learn
176(2)
10.3 It's OK to Defer
178(3)
10.4 Knowledge of Ignorance
181(2)
10.5 Be Ready (and Willing) to Change Your Mind
183(4)
10.6 A Note on Arguing with Others
187(1)
10.7 Future Directions
188(7)
References 195(10)
Index 205
Nicholas B. Tiller is a research fellow in Exercise Physiology, at Harbor-UCLA Medical Centre. He was born in London, England. He holds a masters and doctoral degree in Human Applied Physiology, and is accredited with the British Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences (BASES). He writes about science, health, exercise, and critical-thinking, and is an avid ultra-marathon runner.