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E-book: Clinician's Guide to Pediatric Sleep Disorders

Edited by (Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA), Edited by
  • Format: 368 pages
  • Pub. Date: 19-Apr-2016
  • Publisher: CRC Press Inc
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781420020991
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Clinician's Guide to Pediatric Sleep DisordersLarger Image
  • Format: 368 pages
  • Pub. Date: 19-Apr-2016
  • Publisher: CRC Press Inc
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781420020991
Other books in subject:

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Affecting 20 to 30 % of children under the age of five, sleep disorders can seriously affect a child's health. This authoritative guide illustrates the consequences of sleep disordered breathing and offers a state-of-the-art overview of methods to identify, diagnose, and treat sleep disorders in children. Covering the latest research related to the medical and surgical management of disease, high-risk groups, psychosocial effects, and the examination of sleep study results, this source helps practitioners understand normal sleep patterns, recognize common sleep conditions, and implement appropriate care protocols for optimum patient health.
Preface iii
Contributors xiii
1. Pediatric Sleep Disorders
1(18)
Charles M. Bower and R. Mark Ray
Chapter Highlights
1(1)
Introduction
1(1)
Sleep Disorders Centers
2(1)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
3(4)
Diagnosis
7(3)
Narcolepsy
10(1)
Parasomnias
11(1)
Disorders of Sleep Onset
12(2)
Summary
14(1)
References
15(4)
2. Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
19(10)
Jonathan Perkins
Chapter Highlights
19(1)
Introduction
19(1)
Pediatric Breathing Physiology During Sleep
20(2)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
22(4)
References
26(3)
3. Nonobstructive Sleep Patterns in Children
29(14)
Rees L. Lee
Chapter Highlights
29(1)
Introduction
30(1)
Control of Breathing
30(1)
Sleep Patterns of Disordered Breathing Control
31(2)
Clinical Presentation
33(2)
Diseases Associated with Abnormal Respiratory Control
35(5)
References
40(3)
4. Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Bedtime Problems and Night Wakings
43(14)
Lisa J. Meltzer
Chapter Highlights
43(1)
Introduction
44(1)
Diagnostic Criteria
44(2)
Impact of Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood
46(1)
Assessment
47(1)
Treatment
48(4)
Practical Suggestions for Parental Limit-Setting
52(2)
Prognosis for Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood
54(1)
References
55(2)
5. Sleep Apnea in Children
57(14)
Mark A. Richardson
Chapter Highlights
57(1)
Introduction
57(1)
History
58(2)
Questionnaires
60(1)
Physical Exam
60(1)
Overall Craniofacial Appearance
60(3)
Flexible Fiberoptic Exam
63(1)
Special Circumstances
64(2)
Home Video–Audio
66(1)
Conservative Management
66(1)
Conclusion
66(1)
Appendix A: Obstructive Sleep Apnea-18 Survey Domains and Items
67(1)
Appendix B: Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (Chervin)
68(1)
References
69(2)
6. Diagnostic Testing for Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Interpretation of the Polysomnogram
71(24)
Norman R. Friedman
Chapter Highlights
71(1)
Introduction
72(1)
Terminology
72(4)
Polysomnogram
76(1)
Other Diagnostic Tools
77(3)
New Technology to Detect Sleep Disruption
80(2)
Polysomnography Diagnostic Criteria for Sleep-Disordered Breathing
82(1)
Clinical Relevance
83(1)
Implications of Habitual Snoring
84(1)
Clinical Diagnosis of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
85(1)
Technology to Detect Apnea
86(2)
Pitfalls to Be Aware of When Interpreting a Polysomnography
88(2)
Postoperative Sleep Studies
90(1)
Conclusion
90(1)
References
90(5)
7. Sleep-Disordered Breathing in High-Risk Children
95(18)
Ron B. Mitchell and James Kelly
Chapter Highlights
95(1)
Introduction
96(1)
Obesity
96(3)
Down Syndrome
99(2)
Neuromuscular Disease
101(1)
Mucopolysaccharidoses
102(1)
Craniofacial Syndromes
103(1)
Other High-Risk Populations
104(3)
Conclusions
107(1)
References
107(6)
8. Adenotonsillectomy
113(26)
Sara I. Pai and David E. Tunkel
Chapter Highlights
113(1)
Introduction and Historical Perspective
113(1)
Pathophysiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome/Adenotonsillar Enlargement
114(1)
Preoperative Assessment
115(2)
Preanesthesia Assessment and Preoperative Medical Management
117(1)
Perioperative Anesthetic Concerns
118(1)
Surgery
119(5)
Postoperative Management
124(1)
Postoperative Course
125(1)
Complications
126(2)
Expected Outcomes
128(2)
Conclusions
130(1)
References
131(8)
9. Advanced Surgical Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome in the Pediatric Patient
139(14)
Jerome E. Hester, Nelson B. Powell, and Robert R. Riley
Chapter Highlights
139(1)
Introduction
139(1)
Preoperative Evaluation
140(1)
Perioperative Management
141(1)
Stepwise Protocol for Therapy
141(1)
Surgical Procedures
141(9)
Conclusion
150(1)
References
150(3)
10. Nonsurgical Management of Sleep-Disordered Breathing 153(12)
Holger Link
Chapter Highlights
153(1)
Introduction
154(1)
General Principles
154(1)
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
155(4)
Alternatives and Complementary Treatments to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
159(2)
Treatment of Coexisting Diseases
161(1)
Other Treatments
162(1)
References
162(3)
11. Psychiatric Illness and Sleep in Children and Adolescents 165(18)
Kyle P. Johnson
Chapter Highlights
165(1)
Introduction
166(1)
Anxiety Disorders
166(3)
Mood Disorders
169(3)
Autism Spectrum Disorder
172(2)
Assessment
174(3)
Treatment
177(1)
Summary
178(1)
References
179(4)
12. Neurobehavioral Morbidity in Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing 183(16)
David Gozal and Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
Chapter Highlights
183(1)
Sleep Disturbances in Children
184(1)
Behavioral Consequences of Sleep Disturbance
185(4)
Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Disruption in Sleep-Disordered Breathing
189(3)
Summary
192(1)
References
193(6)
13. Evidence-Based Approach to Therapy 199(24)
Nira A. Goldstein and Richard M. Rosenfeld
Chapter Highlights
199(1)
Introduction
200(1)
Limitations of Polysomnography
200(1)
Natural History
201(1)
Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
201(9)
Outcomes Research
210(4)
Medical Therapies
214(1)
Other Surgical Therapies
215(1)
References
216(7)
14. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Anesthesia 223(20)
Veronica C. Swanson and Jeffrey Koh
Chapter Highlights
223(1)
Introduction
224(1)
Anesthetic Considerations
224(8)
Postoperative Considerations
232(2)
Considerations in the Obese Patient
234(2)
Considerations Unique to the Pediatric Patient
236(2)
Conclusion
238(1)
References
238(5)
15. Cardiovascular Consequences of Sleep-Disordered Breathing 243(12)
Gregory S. Montgomery and Steven H. Abman
Chapter Highlights
243(1)
Introduction
243(1)
Normal Cardiac Response to Sleep
244(2)
Cardiovascular Consequences of Obstructive Sleep Patterns
246(3)
Cardiovascular Consequences of Central Hypoventilation
249(1)
The Heart and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
250(1)
Cardiovascular Evaluations in Sleep-Disordered Breathing
250(2)
References
252(3)
16. Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome: Update, Diagnosis, and Management 255(14)
Anna S. Kenny and Debra E. Weese-Mayer
Chapter Highlights
255(1)
Introduction
256(1)
Clinical Presentation in Infants
256(3)
Clinical Presentation in Children and Adults
259(1)
Differential Diagnosis
259(1)
Initial Evaluation
260(1)
Ventilatory Support
261(1)
Long-Term Ventilator Management
261(1)
Genetic Testing and Genetic Counseling
262(1)
Long-Term Outcome
263(1)
Key to Successful Management
264(1)
References
265(4)
17. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Apparent Life-Threatening Events 269(16)
Ann C. Halbower
Chapter Highlights
269(1)
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
270(5)
Apparent Life-Threatening Events
275(5)
References
280(5)
18. Adolescent Sleepiness 285(14)
Karen E. Murtagh and Helene A. Emsellem
Chapter Highlights
285(1)
Overview of the Problem
286(1)
Developmental Aspects of Adolescent Sleep and Sleepiness
286(1)
Adolescent Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndrome
287(1)
Treatment of Delayed Sleep-Phase Syndrome
288(1)
Influence of School Start Times on Sleepiness and Performance
289(1)
Sleepy Adolescents Behind the Wheel
290(1)
Sleepy Adolescents at Work and Play
291(1)
Sleep Deprivation and Mood
292(1)
Physiologic Function and Sleep Deprivation
292(2)
Conclusion
294(1)
Appendix
294(2)
References
296(3)
19. Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Children and Adolescents 299(18)
Daniel Picchietti and Karla M. Dzienkowski
Chapter Highlights
299(1)
Introduction to Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Children
300(2)
Diagnosis of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder in Children and Adolescents
302(2)
Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria
304(1)
Causes of Restless Legs Syndrome
305(1)
Association of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder with Learning and Emotional Problems
305(1)
Restless Legs Syndrome, Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep, and the Connection with Low Iron Levels
306(1)
Treatment Options
306(4)
Conclusion
310(1)
Appendix
311(1)
References
312(5)
20. Narcolepsy in Children 317(18)
Rafael Pelayo and Maria Cecilia Lopes
Chapter Highlights
317(1)
Introduction
318(1)
Clinical Symptoms
318(2)
Epidemiology
320(1)
Pathophysiology
321(7)
Treatment
328(3)
Conclusions
331(1)
References
332(3)
Index 335
MARK A. RICHARDSON is Professor and Chairman of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. He received the B.S. degree from the University of South Carolina, Columbia, and the M.D. degree from the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. Dr. Richardson completed a residency in otolaryngology at the Medical University Hospital, Charleston, and a fellowship in pediatric otolaryngology at the Childrens Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio. NORMAN R. FRIEDMAN is Associate Professor, Department of Otolaryngology and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver. He received the B.A. degree from the Plan II honors program at the University of Texas, Austin, and the M.D. degree from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas. He completed residencies in otolaryngology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas; and pediatric otolaryngology fellowships at Le Bonheur Childrens Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee; and the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children, London, United Kingdom. He is a diplomate of the American Board of Sleep Medicine and director of the pulmonary sleep laboratory at The Childrens HospitalDenver.
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