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E-book: Compact Heat Exchangers for Energy Transfer Intensification: Low Grade Heat and Fouling Mitigation

(National Technical University, Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, Ukraine), (National Technical University, Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, Ukraine), (University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary), (National Technical University, Kharkiv Polyt)
  • Format: 372 pages
  • Pub. Date: 16-Dec-2015
  • Publisher: CRC Press Inc
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482232608
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Compact Heat Exchangers for Energy Transfer Intensification: Low Grade Heat and Fouling MitigationLarger Image
  • Format: 372 pages
  • Pub. Date: 16-Dec-2015
  • Publisher: CRC Press Inc
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781482232608
Other books in subject:

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Compact Heat Exchangers for Energy Transfer Intensification: Low-Grade Heat and Fouling Mitigationprovides theoretical and experimental background on heat transfer intensification in modern heat exchangers. Emphasizing applications in complex heat recovery systems for the process industries, this book:

  • Covers various issues related to low-grade heat, including waste heat from industry and buildings, storage and transport of thermal energy, and heat transfer equipment requirements
  • Explains the basic principles, terminology, and heat transfer aspects of compactness, as well as the concept of intensified heat area targets at process integration
  • Pays special attention to the mitigation of fouling in heat exchangers and their systems, describing fouling deposition and threshold fouling mechanisms
  • Delivers a thoughtful analysis of the economics of implementation, considering energy–capital trade-off, capital cost estimation, and energy prices
  • Presents illustrative case studies of specific applications in food and chemical production plants

Compact Heat Exchangers for Energy Transfer Intensification: Low-Grade Heat and Fouling Mitigationnot only highlights key developments in compact heat exchangers, but also instills a practical knowledge of the latest process integration and heat transfer enhancement methodologies.

Reviews

"This text encompasses all the important features associated with the successful design and implementation of many types of compact heat exchangers in a wide variety of potentially demanding and valuable applicationsthe emphasis on fouling mitigation, uses in heat pumping and power cycles, and process integration gives the book a unique flavour that will ensure its value across a wide readership." From the Foreword by Professor David Reay, Founding Editor of Applied Thermal Engineering, David Reay and Associates, Whitley Bay, UK

Foreword xi
Preface xiii
Authors xvii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1(10)
Acknowledgments
8(1)
References
9(2)
Chapter 2 Low-Grade Heat: Issues to Be Dealt With 11(30)
2.1 Waste Heat from Industry
11(1)
2.2 Waste Heat from Buildings
12(4)
2.2.1 Sewage Waters
12(2)
2.2.2 Ventilation Air Exhaust
14(2)
2.3 Waste to Energy
16(2)
2.4 Renewable Sources of Heat Energy
18(3)
2.4.1 Solar Heating
18(2)
2.4.1.1 Solar Ponds
19(1)
2.4.1.2 Solar Collectors
19(1)
2.4.2 Geothermal Heat
20(1)
2.5 Heat Pumps to Increase Heat Potential
21(8)
2.5.1 Vapour-Compression Heat Pumps
22(5)
2.5.1.1 Mechanical Compressor Heat Pump Systems
24(2)
2.5.1.2 Ejector Compression Heat Pump Systems
26(1)
2.5.2 Chemical Heat Pumps
27(6)
2.5.2.1 Absorption Heat Pump
27(1)
2.5.2.2 Adsorption Heat Pump
28(1)
2.6 Storage and Transport of Thermal Energy
29(4)
2.7 Low-Grade Heat to Power
33(3)
2.7.1 Organic Rankine Cycle
34(1)
2.7.2 Supercritical Rankine Cycle
35(1)
2.7.3 Kalina Cycle
35(1)
2.8 Requirements for Heat Transfer Equipment When Utilising Low-Grade Heat
36(3)
2.8.1 Small Temperature Differences
37(1)
2.8.2 Close Temperature Approach
38(1)
2.8.3 Fouling Mitigation
38(1)
2.8.4 Compactness and Limited Cost When Using Expensive Materials for Heat Transfer Surface
38(1)
References
39(2)
Chapter 3 Compact Heat Exchangers 41(74)
3.1 Main Developments in Compact Heat Exchangers
41(1)
3.2 Basic Principles and Terminology of Compactness
42(2)
3.3 Heat Transfer Aspects of Compactness
44(5)
3.4 Thermal and Hydraulic Performance of Different Heat Transfer Surfaces
49(5)
3.5 Influence on Compactness of Heat Transfer Surface Geometrical Form and Its Scaling Factor
54(11)
3.6 Classification of Recuperative Compact Heat Exchangers
65(2)
3.6.1 According to the Hydraulic Diameter of Channels
65(1)
3.6.2 According to Flow Arrangements of Heat Exchanging Streams through the Unit
66(1)
3.6.3 According to the Aggregate State of Heat Carriers
66(1)
3.6.4 According to the Number of Streams in One Unit
67(1)
3.6.5 According to Construction Principles of Heat Transfer Surface
67(1)
3.7 Examples of Industrial Compact Heat Exchangers
67(44)
3.7.1 Compact Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers
67(5)
3.7.2 Plate Heat Exchangers
72(22)
3.7.2.1 Plate-and-Frame PHE
73(6)
3.7.2.2 Welded PHE
79(8)
3.7.2.3 Semiwelded PHE with Twin Plates
87(2)
3.7.2.4 Special Design PHEs for Condenser and Evaporator Duties
89(1)
3.7.2.5 Brazed PHE
90(2)
3.7.2.6 Fusion-Bonded PHE
92(1)
3.7.2.7 Nonmetallic PHE
93(1)
3.7.3 Plate-and-Fin Heat Exchanger
94(3)
3.7.4 Tube-and-Fin Heat Exchanger
97(1)
3.7.5 Spiral Heat Exchanger
98(2)
3.7.6 Lamella Heat Exchanger
100(1)
3.7.7 Microchannel Heat Exchanger
101(6)
3.7.7.1 Printed Circuit MCHE
101(3)
3.7.7.2 Matrix MCHE
104(1)
3.7.7.3 Miniscale MCHE
105(2)
3.7.8 Non-Metal Compact Heat Exchangers
107(8)
3.7.8.1 Polymer Compact Heat Exchangers
107(3)
3.7.8.2 Ceramic CHEs
110(1)
References
111(4)
Chapter 4 Heat Transfer Intensification 115(96)
4.1 Intensification of Heat Transfer for Single-Phase Flows inside Tubes and Channels
115(59)
4.1.1 Artificial Roughness on the Channel Wall
115(22)
4.1.1.1 Flow Structure and Main Features of Intensification Mechanism
115(8)
4.1.1.2 Evaluation of Enhanced Heat Transfer Surfaces Performance in Compact Heat Exchanger Design
123(5)
4.1.1.3 Correlations for Heat Transfer and Friction Factor
128(9)
4.1.2 Tubes with Inserts
137(2)
4.1.3 Twisted Tubes
139(3)
4.1.4 Extended Heat Transfer Surfaces
142(1)
4.1.5 Channels of PHEs
142(32)
4.1.5.1 Flow Structure and Main Features of Heat Transfer Intensification Mechanism in PHE Channels
144(3)
4.1.5.2 Hydraulic Resistance of PHE Channels
147(5)
4.1.5.3 Heat Transfer in PHE Channels
152(9)
4.1.5.4 Analogy of Heat and Momentum Transfer in PHE Channels and Accounting for the Influence of the Prandtl Number on Heat Transfer
161(13)
4.2 Intensification of Heat Transfer for Two-Phase Flows
174(29)
4.2.1 Condensation Enhancement
174(19)
4.2.1.1 Film Condensation of Slow-Moving Saturated Vapour on a Smooth Surface
176(4)
4.2.1.2 Enhancement of the Film Condensation with Vapour Action
180(4)
4.2.1.3 Enhanced Condensation Heat Transfer Surfaces
184(3)
4.2.1.4 Condensation of Vapour from Mixture with Non-Condensable Gas
187(2)
4.2.1.5 Condensation Pressure Drop
189(4)
4.2.2 Boiling in Compact Heat Exchangers
193(23)
4.2.2.1 Heat Transfer at Flow Boiling in Compact Heat Exchangers
195(6)
4.2.2.2 Pressure Drop at Flow Boiling in Compact Heat Exchangers
201(2)
References
203(8)
Chapter 5 Advanced and Compact Heat Exchangers for Specific Process Conditions 211(38)
5.1 Influence of Geometrical Parameters on Heat Exchanger Performance
211(4)
5.2 Parameter Plots for the Preliminary Design of Compact Heat Exchangers
215(1)
5.3 Influence of Plate Corrugations Geometry on Plate Heat Exchanger Performance in Specific Process Conditions
216(25)
5.3.1 Mathematical Modelling and Design of Industrial PHEs
219(9)
5.3.2 Prediction of Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Channels Formed by Commercial Plates
228(3)
5.3.3 Best Geometry of Plate for Specific Process
231(3)
5.3.4 Illustrative Example of Plate Geometry Selection
234(3)
5.3.5 Illustrative Examples of Plate Heat Exchanger Design with Available Range of Plates
237(20)
5.3.5.1 Case Study 1
238(2)
5.3.5.2 Case Study 2
240(1)
Appendix: Identification of Mathematical Model Parameters for PHE Design
241(5)
References
246(3)
Chapter 6 Fouling and Heat Transfer Intensity 249(34)
6.1 Effect of Fouling on Heat Exchanger Performance
249(2)
6.2 Forms of Fouling
251(3)
6.3 Fouling Deposition Mechanisms
254(3)
6.4 Fouling Models
257(4)
6.4.1 Reaction and Transport Models
258(1)
6.4.2 Initiation Period Models
259(1)
6.4.3 Ageing Models
260(1)
6.5 Threshold Fouling Mechanism
261(3)
6.6 Pressure Drop Associated with Fouling
264(1)
6.7 Fouling on Enhanced Heat Transfer Surfaces
265(14)
6.7.1 Fouling in Tubes with Artificial Roughness
266(1)
6.7.2 Fouling in Tubes with Inserts
267(1)
6.7.3 Fouling in Channels of PHEs
268(2)
6.7.4 Cooling Water Fouling in Channels of PHEs
270(9)
References
279(4)
Chapter 7 Integration of Intensified Compact Heat Exchangers in a Heat Exchanger Network 283(16)
7.1 Process Integration for the Synthesis of Energy-Efficient HENS
283(8)
7.2 Superstructure Approach for Energy-Efficient HEN Design
291(1)
7.3 Hybrid Approach for HEN Design
292(1)
7.4 HEN Design with Compact and Enhanced Heat Exchangers
293(2)
7.5 Estimation of Enhanced Heat Transfer Area Targets
295(1)
References
296(3)
Chapter 8 Economical Consideration 299(16)
8.1 Energy—Capital Trade-Off
299(4)
8.2 Capital Cost Estimation
303(5)
8.3 Energy Prices
308(4)
References
312(3)
Chapter 9 Industrial Examples 315(32)
9.1 Food Industry: Integration of a Heat Pump into the Heat Supply System of a Cheese Production Plant
315(10)
9.1.1 System Description
316(1)
9.1.2 Data Extraction
317(1)
9.1.3 Heat Integration
317(2)
9.1.4 Heat Integration with Additional Compression
319(5)
9.1.5 Economic Efficiency
324(1)
9.1.6 Conclusion
324(1)
9.2 Chemical Industry: Use of Intensified Heat Exchangers to Improve Energy Efficiency in Phosphoric Acid Production
325(12)
9.2.1 Process Description
325(2)
9.2.2 Placement of Heat Exchangers in the Wet Process of Phosphoric Acid Production
327(1)
9.2.3 Calculation for PHEs for Use in Phosphoric Acid Production
327(5)
9.2.4 Closed Circuit Circulation for Barometric Condenser
332(4)
9.2.5 Conclusion
336(1)
9.3 Heat Integration of Ammonia Refrigeration Cycle into Buildings' Heating System
337(8)
9.3.1 System Description and Modelling
337(1)
9.3.2 Heat Integration of Existing Refrigeration Cycle
338(2)
9.3.3 System with Additional Compression of Ammonia
340(4)
9.3.4 Conclusion
344(1)
References
345(2)
Index 347
Jiri Jaromir Klemes holds a D.Sc from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Doctor Honoris Causa degrees from the Kharkiv State Polytechnic University, Ukraine; the University of Maribor, Slovenia; and the Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania. Dr Klemes is a Polya professor and the Head of the Centre for Process Integration and Intensification-CPI2 at the University of Pannonia, Veszprem in Hungary. He worked previously for 20 years in the Department of Process Integration at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, UK, and after the merge with The University of Manchester, UK, as Senior Project Officer and Honorary Reader. He also ran research in mathematical modelling and neural network applications at the Chemical Engineering Department, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, and has been a Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Universiti Technologi Malaysia and Universiti Technologi Petronas in Malaysia, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Tianjin University, Jiaotong Xi'an University and Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming in China, University of Maribor in Slovenia, and Brno University of Technology in the Czech Republic. He has unique success record in managing and coordinating research projects funded by the European Community FP2 to 7, UK Know How Fund, NATO High Technology, European Training Foundation, and others. He is an editor of several scientific journals, and has authored and edited numerous books. He founded and has been since the president of the International Conference Process Integration, Mathematical Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution reduction- PRES (www.conferencepres.com), and is Chair of the CAPE Working Party of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering.Olga P. Arsenyeva is an Associate Professor in the Department of Integrated Technolo
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