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E-book: Enterprise Architecture: Creating Value by Informed Governance

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  • Format: PDF+DRM
  • Series: The Enterprise Engineering Series
  • Pub. Date: 03-Dec-2008
  • Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783540852322
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Enterprise Architecture: Creating Value by Informed GovernanceLarger Image
  • Format: PDF+DRM
  • Series: The Enterprise Engineering Series
  • Pub. Date: 03-Dec-2008
  • Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783540852322
Other books in subject:

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Twenty years after the first publications and books on enterprise architecture, the domain is evolving from a technology-driven towards a more business-driven approach, thus empowering decision makers to adapt and transform an enterprise in order to keep up with changing business needs. At the same time the discipline of enterprise architecting has matured, leading to a better understanding of the profession of an enterprise architect.With this book, the authors aim to provide an overview of enterprise architecture including the process of creating, applying and maintaining it, thus taking into account the perspectives of CxOs, business managers, enterprise architects, solution architects, designers and engineers. They explore the results that are produced as part of an enterprise architecture, the process by which these are produced, and the role the architect plays in this process. As such, they do not describe a specific method for developing an enterprise (IT) architecture, nor do they define a specific modeling language for enterprise architecture, rather they offer the reader a fundamental way of thinking about enterprise architecture, which will enable him to select and apply the right approach, architecture framework and tools that meet the objective and context of the architecture work at hand. This approach is emphasized by discussion statements at the end of each chapter, sparking thoughts about benefits, shortcomings, and future research directions.Covering both theoretical foundations and practical use, and written in close collaboration between industry professionals and academic lecturers, Enterprise Architecture thus offers an ideal introduction for students in areas like business information systems or management science, as well as guidance and background for professionals seeking a more thorough understanding of their field of work.
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background
1
1.2 Outline of the book
2
2 The Need for a New Instrument 5
2.1 Introduction
5
2.2 Enterprises and their challenges
6
2.2.1 Keep up or Perish
6
2.2.2 Shifting Powers in the Value Chain
7
2.2.3 Comply or Bust
8
2.2.4 Achieving Competitive Advantage
9
2.2.5 Making Technology the Business Differential or
9
2.2.6 Excel or Outsource
10
2.3 Stakeholders and Their Concerns
10
2.3.1 Stakeholders Involved in a Transformation
11
2.3.2 Stakeholders Impacted by Transformation Results
12
2.3.3 Stakeholders Sponsoring a Transformation
13
2.3.4 Variety and Complexity in Dealing with Stakeholders
13
2.4 Traditional Approaches
14
2.4.1 Strategy as a Means to Focus Effort
14
2.4.2 Programmatic Steering of Change
16
2.5 Assessing Traditional Approaches
17
2.5.1 Putting Strategy into Action
17
2.5.2 Putting Programmatic Steering into Action
20
2.6 Requirements on Enterprise Architecture
21
2.7 Summary
23
2.8 Discussion Statements
24
3 Positioning Enterprise Architecture 25
3.1 A Historical Perspective on Enterprise Architecture
25
3.2 Governance Paradigm
27
3.3 Key Applications for Enterprise Architecture
30
3.4 Defining Enterprise Architecture
32
3.4.1 Definitions of Enterprise Architecture
32
3.4.2 Perspectives on the Role of Enterprise Architecture
33
3.4.3 Definition of Enterprise Architecture
34
3.4.4 Views in Enterprise Architectures
34
3.5 Key Concept of Enterprise Architecture
35
3.5.1 Stakeholders and Their Concerns
35
3.5.2 Principles
36
3.5.3 Models
37
3.5.4 Views
38
3.5.5 Frameworks
39
3.6 Benefits of Enterprise Architecture
40
3.6.1 Uses of Architectural Descriptions
40
3.6.2 Value of Enterprise Architecture
41
3.6.3 Added Value over Classical Approaches
43
3.6.4 Use it Wisely
43
3.7 Competencies of an Enterprise Architect
45
3.8 Summary
46
3.9 Discussion Statements
47
4 The Results of Enterprise Architecting 49
4.1 Introduction
49
4.2 Example Enterprise Architecture: Pizzeria "Perla del Nord"
49
4.2.1 Current Situation
50
4.2.2 Intended Change
54
4.2.3 Enterprise Architecture Results in the Pizzeria Case
58
4.3 Quality of the Produced Results
62
4.3.1 Possible Uses of Architecture Results
62
4.3.2 From Intended Use to the Design of a Result
63
4.3.3 A Deeper Understanding of the Quality of Results
64
4.4 Enterprise Architecture Frameworks
65
4.4.1 Tapscott & Caston's Views
66
4.4.2 The Integrated Architecture Framework
67
4.4.3 The ArchiMate Framework
69
4.4.4 The Zachman Framework
69
4.4.5 The Open Group's Architecture Framework
72
4.5 Dimensions for Architecture Frameworks
73
4.5.1 Subject Dimensions
74
4.5.2 Purpose Dimensions
75
4.5.3 Form Dimensions
75
4.6 A Methodical Perspective on the Creation of Results
76
4.7 The Call for a Unified Notation
78
4.8 Summary
81
4.9 Discussion Statements
83
5 The Process of Enterprise Architecting 85
5.1 Introduction
85
5.2 The Core Process of Enterprise Architecting
85
5.2.1 Creating Enterprise Architecture
86
5.2.2 Applying/Using Enterprise Architecture
87
5.2.3 Maintaining Enterprise Architecture Results
91
5.3 Patterns for Enterprise Architecting
92
5.3.1 Architecture Process Patterns and Architecture Schools
93
5.3.2 Architecture Schools: Check the "Instruction for Use"
97
5.4 Architecture Effectiveness and Organizational Context
98
5.4.1 Architecture Maturity Level of the Enterprise
99
5.4.2 Assessing an Organization's Architecture Effectiveness
101
5.4.3 Assessing an Organization's Culture and Management Style
104
5.5 Organizing the Architecture Function
104
5.5.1 PLANning Activities
105
5.5.2 LEARNing Activities
105
5.5.3 ORGANIZing Architecture Activities
106
5.6 Summary
110
5.7 Discussion Statements
112
6 The Enterprise Architect 113
6.1 Introduction
113
6.2 Relevant Competencies
114
6.2.1 Professional Competencies
115
6.2.2 Personal Competencies
115
6.3 Responsibilities of an Enterprise Architect
117
6.4 Personality Types
117
6.5 Enterprise Architecture Teams
121
6.6 Professional Development
123
6.7 Summary
125
6.8 Discussion Statements
125
7 Conclusion 127
7.1 Summary
127
7.2 Open Issues
128
7.2.1 The Need for Enterprise Architecture
129
7.2.2 The Results of Enterprise Architecting
130
7.2.3 The Process of Enterprise Architecture
133
7.2.4 The Enterprise Architect
135
7.3 Further Books Needed in the Master of Enterprise Architecture Program
136
References 137
About the Authors 145
Martin Op t Land is Principal Consultant and Enterprise Architect at Capgemini and has over 16 years of experience in the field of enterprise architecture, mostly in the finance and public sectors. In addition, he is involved in research in the field of enterprise engineering and architecting. His current research focuses on methods for splitting and allying organizations.



Erik Proper is Principal Consultant at Capgemini and Professor in Information Systems at the Radboud University Nijmegen. He has a mixed industrial and academic background. His interests lie mainly in the field of conceptual modeling, enterprise modeling, enterprise engineering and enterprise architecting. He was co-initiator of the ArchiMate project, and currently also serves on the board of the ArchiMate foundation as well as the Netherlands Architecture Forum (NAF).



Maarten Waage is Enterprise Architect at Capgemini. He has over 10 years of experience in creating and applying enterprise architecture, mostly in the context of complex business/IT transformations of large organizations (both profit and not-for-profit).



Jeroen Cloo is Senior Consultant and Enterprise Architect at SeederDeBoer. With a degree in Technology Management, he started as a consultant over 10 years ago. He has been involved in multiple enterprise architecture engagements in different sectors.



Claudia Steghuis is Senior Consultant at Capgemini, with about 2 years of experience in enterprise architecture.
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