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E-book: Kelvin-helmholtz Instability In Solar Atmospheric Jets

(Sofia Univ, Bulgaria), (Kumaun Univ, India)
  • Format: 256 pages
  • Pub. Date: 17-Nov-2020
  • Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811223761
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  • Format: 256 pages
  • Pub. Date: 17-Nov-2020
  • Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789811223761
Other books in subject:

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The book provides a comprehensive overview of the eruptive and wave phenomena in the solar atmosphere. One of the ongoing problems in solar physics is the heating of the solar corona. Currently there is a competition between two mechanisms in explaining the heating, i.e., dissipation of energy by waves and small scale frequent coronal magnetic reconnection. However, some studies indicate this may be a joint effect of these two possible mechanisms. Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability (KHI) of propagating magnetohydrodynamic modes in solar flowing structures plays an important role in the solar atmosphere. It can trigger the onset of wave turbulence leading to effective plasma heating and particle acceleration. KHI is a multifaceted phenomenon and the purpose of this book is to illuminate its (instability) manifestation in various solar jets like spicules, dark mottles, surges, macrospicules, Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray jets, as well as rotating, tornado-like, jets, solar wind, and coronal mass ejections. The modeling of KHI is performed in the framework of ideal magnetohydrodynamics. The book consists of 12 chapters and is intended primarily for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as early career researchers.

Preface v
1 The Sun: General Introduction
1(14)
1.1 Internal structure
2(2)
1.1.1 Core
2(2)
1.1.2 Radiative zone
4(1)
1.1.3 Convective zone
4(1)
1.2 External structure
4(4)
1.2.1 Photosphere
5(1)
1.2.2 Chromosphere
5(2)
1.2.3 Corona
7(1)
1.3 Quiet and active Sun
8(3)
1.3.1 Prominences/filaments
8(1)
1.3.2 Solar flares
9(1)
1.3.3 Solar jets
10(1)
1.3.4 Coronal mass ejections
11(1)
1.4 Solar cycle
11(1)
1.5 Solar eruption mechanisms
12(3)
2 Solar Jets: Origin, Classification and Basic Physical Parameters
15(10)
2.1 Classification
20(1)
2.2 Basic physical parameters
21(4)
3 Magnetohydrodynamic Waves and Instabilities
25(26)
3.1 Magnetohydrodynamics basic equations
25(5)
3.2 Magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium
30(1)
3.3 Magnetic reconnection
31(5)
3.4 Magnetohydrodynamic waves
36(8)
3.4.1 MHD modes in magnetic flux tubes
41(3)
3.5 Magnetohydrodynamic instabilities
44(7)
3.5.1 Rayleigh--Taylor instability
44(1)
3.5.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability
45(3)
3.5.3 Sausage and kink instabilities
48(3)
4 Normal Magnetohydrodynamic Modes in Solar Jets
51(14)
4.1 Jet geometry, basic MHD equations, and wave dispersion relation
51(9)
4.1.1 Derivation of wave dispersion relation on using the operator coefficient techniques
57(3)
4.2 An example for finding unstable solutions to the wave dispersion relation
60(5)
5 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in Solar Spicules
65(18)
5.1 Geometry and the wave dispersion relations
68(15)
5.1.1 Dispersion diagrams of kink waves
71(8)
5.1.2 Dispersion diagrams of sausage waves
79(4)
6 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in Solar Photospheric Twisted Flux Tubes
83(16)
6.1 Introduction
83(2)
6.2 Geometry, the basic MHD equations, and the wave dispersion relation
85(4)
6.3 Numerical solutions and wave dispersion diagrams
89(10)
7 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in Solar Surges and Dark Mottles
99(26)
7.1 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in solar surges
99(15)
7.1.1 Surge models, basic parameters, and governing equations
101(3)
7.1.2 Wave dispersion relations
104(3)
7.1.3 Numerical calculations and results
107(7)
7.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in dark mottles
114(11)
7.2.1 Mottles models, basic parameters, and governing equations
115(2)
7.2.2 Numerical calculations and results
117(4)
7.2.3 Discussion and conclusion
121(4)
8 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in EUV Solar Jets
125(28)
8.1 Observations, nature, and physical parameters of EUV jets
125(2)
8.2 Jets geometry and the governing magnetohydrodynamic equations
127(9)
8.3 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in an EUV jet observed by Hinode
136(8)
8.3.1 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability of the kink (m = 1) mode
137(5)
8.3.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability of the m = 2, 3, and 4 modes
142(2)
8.4 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in an EUV jet observed by SDO/AIA
144(9)
9 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in X-ray Solar Jets
153(20)
9.1 Observations and nature of the X-ray jets
153(4)
9.2 Magnetic field topology, physical parameters, and MHD wave dispersion relations
157(13)
9.2.1 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability of MHD modes in untwisted flux tubes
159(6)
9.2.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability of MHD modes in twisted flux tubes
165(5)
9.3 Concluding remarks
170(3)
10 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in Rotating Solar Jets
173(26)
10.1 Observations and nature of the rotating solar jets
173(2)
10.2 The geometry, magnetic field, and physical parameters in a jet model
175(3)
10.3 Wave dispersion relation
178(3)
10.4 Numerical solutions, wave dispersion, and growth rate diagrams
181(16)
10.4.1 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in a standard polar coronal hole jet
183(3)
10.4.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in a blowout polar coronal hole jet
186(2)
10.4.3 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in a jet emerging from a filament eruption
188(3)
10.4.4 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in a spinning macrospicule
191(6)
10.5 Summary
197(2)
11 Kelvin--Helmholtz Instability in Coronal Mass Ejections
199(10)
11.1 Coronal mass ejections and magnetic flux ropes
199(2)
11.2 Kelvin--Helmholtz instability in coronal mass ejections
201(3)
11.3 Numerical solutions and wave dispersion diagrams
204(5)
12 Summary and Outlook
209(12)
Bibliography 221(22)
Index 243
Professor Ivan Zhelyazkov, 82 passed away on Friday, March 26, 2021 at Sofia, Bulgaria. He was a great plasma Physicist, devoted teacher, wonderful human being, colleague and friend, who worked for many national and international collaborative projects. His main research was on Kelvin Helmholtz Instability (KHI), which can be one of the contributions for cracking the coronal heating problem, which still remains a mystery. He was a great research supervisor for many doctoral students. Professor Zhelyazkov published more than 100 research papers in international journals of repute. He established a scientific school and guided many of them on the way.