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E-book: Particles and Nuclei: An Introduction to the Physical Concepts

  • Format: PDF+DRM
  • Series: Graduate Texts in Physics
  • Pub. Date: 15-Jun-2015
  • Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662463215
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  • Format: PDF+DRM
  • Series: Graduate Texts in Physics
  • Pub. Date: 15-Jun-2015
  • Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662463215

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This well-known introductory textbook gives a uniform presentation of nuclear and particle physics from an experimental point of view. The first part, Analysis, is devoted to disentangling the substructure of matter. This part shows that experiments designed to uncover the substructures of nuclei and nucleons have a similar conceptual basis, and lead to the present picture of all matter being constructed from a small number of elementary building blocks and a small number of fundamental interactions.

The second part, Synthesis, shows how the elementary particles may be combined to build hadrons and nuclei. The fundamental interactions, which are responsible for the forces in all systems, become less and less evident in increasingly complex systems. Such systems are in fact dominated by many-body phenomena. A section on neutrino oscillations and one on nuclear matter at high temperatures bridge the field of "nuclear and particle physics" and "modem astrophysics and cosmology.









The seventh revised and extended edition includes new material, in particular the experimental verification of the Higgs particle at the LHC, recent results in neutrino physics, the violation of CP-symmetry in the decay of neutral B-mesons, the experimental investigations of the nucleon's spin structure and outstanding results of the HERA experiments in deep-inelastic electron- and positron-proton scattering. The concise text is based on lectures held at the University of Heidelberg and includes numerous exercises with worked answers. It has been translated into several languages and has become a standard reference for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses.

Reviews

The book Particles and Nuclei represents a collection of fundamental topics in nuclear and particle physics and is divided in two parts. This book presents itself as an easy going lecture for students taking a course in nuclear and particle physics but it can be used as a handbook by specialists in the field. (Serban Misicu, zbMATH 1331.81003, 2016)

1 Hors d'oeuvre
1(10)
1.1 Fundamental Constituents of Matter
1(2)
1.2 Fundamental Interactions
3(1)
1.3 Symmetries and Conservation Laws
4(1)
1.4 Experiments
5(1)
1.5 Units
6(5)
Reference
7(4)
Part I Analysis: The Building Blocks of Matter
2 Global Properties of Nuclei
11(14)
2.1 The Atom and Its Constituents
11(2)
2.2 Nuclides
13(6)
2.3 Parametrisation of Binding Energies
19(2)
2.4 Charge Independence of the Nuclear Force and Isospin
21(4)
Problem
23(1)
References
23(2)
3 Nuclear Stability
25(16)
3.1 Beta Decay
27(4)
3.2 Alpha Decay
31(3)
3.3 Nuclear Fission
34(2)
3.4 Decay of Excited Nuclear States
36(5)
Problems
38(2)
References
40(1)
4 Scattering
41(14)
4.1 General Observations About Scattering Processes
41(3)
4.2 Cross-Sections
44(4)
4.3 The "Golden Rule"
48(2)
4.4 Feynman Diagrams
50(5)
Problems
52(1)
References
53(2)
5 Geometric Shapes of Nuclei
55(20)
5.1 Kinematics of Electron Scattering
55(3)
5.2 The Rutherford Cross-Section
58(5)
5.3 The Mott Cross-Section
63(1)
5.4 Nuclear Form Factors
64(8)
5.5 Inelastic Nuclear Excitations
72(3)
Problems
73(1)
References
74(1)
6 Elastic Scattering Off Nucleons
75(12)
6.1 Form Factors of the Nucleons
75(7)
6.2 Quasi-elastic Scattering
82(3)
6.3 Charge Radii of Pions and Kaons
85(2)
Problems
86(1)
References
86(1)
7 Deep-Inelastic Scattering
87(16)
7.1 Excited States of the Nucleons
88(2)
7.2 Structure Functions
90(2)
7.3 The Parton Model
92(3)
7.4 The Quark Structure of Nucleons
95(1)
7.5 Interpretation of Structure Functions in the Parton Model
96(7)
Problems
101(1)
References
101(2)
8 Quarks, Gluons, and the Strong Interaction
103(20)
8.1 Quarks in Hadrons
103(1)
8.2 The Quark-Gluon Interaction
104(6)
8.3 Scaling Violations of the Structure Functions
110(6)
8.4 Flavour-separated Parton Distributions
116(1)
8.5 Nuclear Effects in Deep-Inelastic Scattering
117(6)
Problems
121(1)
References
122(1)
9 Particle Production in e+e-- Collisions
123(16)
9.1 Lepton Pair Production
125(4)
9.2 Resonances
129(4)
9.3 Non-resonant Hadron Production
133(2)
9.4 Gluon Emission
135(4)
Problems
137(1)
References
138(1)
10 Phenomenology of the Weak Interaction
139(28)
10.1 Properties of Leptons
139(4)
10.2 The Types of Weak Interactions
143(3)
10.3 Coupling Strength of the Weak Interaction
146(5)
10.4 The Quark Families
151(3)
10.5 Parity Violation
154(3)
10.6 Deep-Inelastic Scattering with Charged Currents
157(10)
Problems
163(2)
References
165(2)
11 Neutrino Oscillations and Neutrino Mass
167(18)
11.1 Lepton Families
168(1)
11.2 Neutrino Oscillations
168(3)
11.3 Neutrino Oscillation Experiments
171(9)
11.4 Majorana Neutrinos?
180(5)
Problems
182(1)
References
183(2)
12 Exchange Bosons of the Weak Interaction and the Higgs Boson
185(22)
12.1 Real W and Z Bosons
185(6)
12.2 Electroweak Unification
191(3)
12.3 Width of the Z and the Number of Neutrinos
194(2)
12.4 Symmetry Breaking
196(4)
12.5 The Higgs Boson
200(4)
12.6 Grand Unification
204(3)
Problem
204(1)
References
205(2)
13 The Standard Model
207(8)
Reference
211(4)
Part II Synthesis: Composite Systems
14 Quarkonia
215(18)
14.1 The Hydrogen Atom and Positronium Analogues
215(3)
14.2 Charmonium
218(3)
14.3 Quark-Antiquark Potential
221(3)
14.4 The Chromomagnetic Interaction
224(2)
14.5 Bottonium and Toponium
226(1)
14.6 The Decay Channels of Heavy Quarkonia
227(3)
14.7 Decay Widths as a Test of QCD
230(3)
Problems
232(1)
References
232(1)
15 Mesons
233(20)
15.1 Meson Multiplets
233(4)
15.2 Meson Masses
237(2)
15.3 Decay Channels
239(2)
15.4 Neutral-Kaon Decay
241(5)
15.5 CP Violation and the CKM Matrix
246(7)
Problems
250(1)
References
251(2)
16 Baryons
253(34)
16.1 The Production and Detection of Baryons
254(6)
16.2 Baryon Multiplets
260(3)
16.3 Baryon Masses
263(3)
16.4 Magnetic Moments
266(4)
16.5 Spin Structure of the Nucleon
270(4)
16.6 Semileptonic Baryon Decays
274(8)
16.7 How Good Is the Constituent-Quark Concept?
282(5)
Problems
283(2)
References
285(2)
17 The Nuclear Force
287(16)
17.1 Nucleon-Nucleon Scattering
288(4)
17.2 The Deuteron
292(3)
17.3 Nature of the Nuclear Force
295(8)
Problems
301(1)
References
301(2)
18 The Structure of Nuclei
303(44)
18.1 The Fermi Gas Model
303(5)
18.2 Hypernuclei
308(4)
18.3 The Shell Model
312(8)
18.4 Deformed Nuclei
320(4)
18.5 Spectroscopy Through Nuclear Reactions
324(6)
18.6 Beta Decay of the Nucleus
330(8)
18.7 Double Beta Decay
338(9)
Problems
343(1)
References
344(3)
19 Collective Nuclear Excitations
347(26)
19.1 Electromagnetic Transitions
348(3)
19.2 Dipole Oscillations
351(9)
19.3 Shape Oscillations
360(3)
19.4 Rotational States
363(10)
Problems
371(1)
References
372(1)
20 Nuclear Thermodynamics
373(28)
20.1 Thermodynamical Description of Nuclei
374(2)
20.2 Compound Nuclei and Quantum Chaos
376(3)
20.3 The Phases of Nuclear Matter
379(5)
20.4 Particle Physics and Thermodynamics in the Early Universe
384(9)
20.5 Stellar Evolution and Element Synthesis
393(8)
Problems
399(1)
References
400(1)
21 Many-Body Systems in the Strong Interaction
401(4)
Reference
404(1)
Appendix A
405(20)
A.1 Accelerators
405(6)
A.2 Detectors
411(10)
A.3 Combining Angular Momenta
421(1)
A.4 Physical Constants
422(3)
Solutions to Problems
425(28)
References
451(2)
Index 453
Bogdan Povh, MPI Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg.

Klaus Rith, Univ Erlangen-Nürnberg.

Christoph Schulz, SAP AG.

Werner Rodejohann, MPI Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg.

Frank Zetsche, DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung GmbH, Langen.