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E-book: Ultra-dense Networks: Principles and Applications

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  • Pub. Date: 26-Nov-2020
  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108572729
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Ultra-dense Networks: Principles and ApplicationsLarger Image
  • Format: PDF+DRM
  • Pub. Date: 26-Nov-2020
  • Publisher: Cambridge University Press
  • Language: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108572729
Other books in subject:

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"Understand the theoretical principles, key technologies and applications of UDNs with this authoritative survey. Theory is explained in a clear, step-by-step manner, and recent advances and open research challenges in UDN physical layer design, resourceallocation and network management are described, with examples, in the context of B5G and 6G standardization. Topics covered include NOMA-based physical layer design, physical layer security. Interference management, 3D base station deployment, software defined UDNs, wireless edge caching in UDNs, UDN-based UAVs and field trials and tests. A perfect resource for graduate students, researchers and professionals who need to get up to speed on the state of the art and future opportunities in UDNs"--

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Understand the theory, key technologies and applications of UDNs with this authoritative survey.
List of Contributors
xii
Part I Overview
1(34)
1 Ultra-dense Networks and Sliced Network Services
3(20)
Anwer Al-Dulaimi
I. Chih-Lin
1.1 Introduction
3(8)
1.1.1 5G Network Slicing
5(6)
1.2 Cloud Computational Platforms and Networking
11(3)
1.3 Orchestrators and 5GC
14(3)
1.3.1 Boarding Virtual Network Functions
15(1)
1.3.2 Orchestrator Layers
16(1)
1.4 SDN and Overlaid Networks
17(2)
1.5 Monitoring Service and Platform
19(1)
1.5.1 Telemetry Services
19(1)
1.5.2 Application Deployment Options
19(1)
1.6 Conclusions
20(1)
References
20(3)
2 Ultra-dense Cloud Radio Access Network Architecture
23(12)
Yanjie Dong
Haijun Zhang
Julian Cheng
Md. Jahangir Hossain
Victor C. M. Leung
2.1 Introduction
23(2)
2.2 B5G Ultra-dense Cloud Radio Access Network Architecture
25(1)
2.3 Fronthauling via mmWave in a UDCRAN with Phantom Cells
26(2)
2.4 Fronthauling via Unlicensed Spectrum
28(1)
2.5 Fronthauling via Terrestrial FSO
28(2)
2.6 Fronthauling via UAV-Mounted FSO
30(1)
2.7 Comparison and Research Issues in B5G UDCRAN
30(1)
2.8 Conclusion
31(1)
References
32(3)
Part II Physical Layer Design
35(106)
3 NOMA-Based Ultra-dense Networks
37(14)
Zhijin Qin
Yuanwei Liu
Arumugam Nallanathan
3.1 Introduction
37(1)
3.2 Overview of NOMA-Enabled HUDNs
38(2)
3.2.1 HUDNs
38(1)
3.2.2 NOMA
39(1)
3.2.3 Understanding NOMA in HUDNs
39(1)
3.3 A Unified NOMA Framework for HUDNs
40(5)
3.3.1 Overview
40(2)
3.3.2 Uplink and Downlink Communications
42(1)
3.3.3 User Association
43(1)
3.3.4 Resource Sharing
44(1)
3.4 Case Studies for NOMA-Enabled HUDNs
45(3)
3.4.1 User Association in NOMA-Enabled HUDNs
45(1)
3.4.2 Resource Sharing in NOMA-Enabled HUDNs
46(2)
3.5 Research Challenges in NOMA-Enabled HUDNs
48(1)
3.6 Conclusions
48(1)
References
49(2)
4 Physical Layer Security in Ultra-dense Networks
51(13)
Lifeng Wang
Kai-Kit Wong
Shi Jin
Gan Zheng
Robert W. Heath Jr.
4.1 Introduction
51(1)
4.2 Key Features in Ultra-dense Networks
52(1)
4.3 Ultra-dense Network and Physical Layer Security Are a Good Match
53(4)
4.4 Physical Layer Security for Safeguarding IoT and V2X Transmissions
57(1)
4.5 Physical Layer Security for Safeguarding Edge Computing Service
57(2)
4.6 Physical Layer Security for Safeguarding Edge Caching Service
59(2)
4.7 Summary
61(1)
References
61(3)
5 Millimeter-Wave Multiantenna Ultra-dense Networks
64(20)
Yongxu Zhu
Gan Zheng
Kai-Kit Wong
Robert W. Heath Jr.
5.1 Introduction for Ultra-dense Networks in Millimeter-Wave Frequencies Band
64(2)
5.1.1 Next-Generation Network -- UDN
64(1)
5.1.2 Millimeter-Wave Networks
65(1)
5.1.3 MmWave Antenna Pattern
65(1)
5.2 Approach and Contributions
66(1)
5.3 System Description
67(2)
5.4 Secrecy Evaluation
69(8)
5.4.1 Simplified LoS mmWave Model
74(1)
5.4.2 Uniform Linear Array
75(2)
5.5 Numerical Results and Discussions
77(4)
5.5.1 Average Achievable Secrecy Rate with UPA
77(3)
5.5.2 Average Achievable Secrecy Rate with ULA
80(1)
5.6 Conclusion
81(1)
References
82(2)
6 Interference Management in Ultra-dense Networks
84(23)
Junyu Liu
Min Sheng
Jiandong Li
6.1 Introduction
84(1)
6.2 Features of Interference in UDNs
85(7)
6.2.1 Reduced Difference of Interference Levels
85(2)
6.2.2 Hard-Estimated Interference
87(3)
6.2.3 Interference Correlation
90(2)
6.3 A Brief Overview of Interference Management Techniques
92(3)
6.3.1 Interference Avoidance
93(1)
6.3.2 Interference Cancellation
94(1)
6.3.3 Interference Coordination
94(1)
6.4 Implementation of Interference Management in UDNs
95(2)
6.4.1 Interference Management Entity for UDNs
96(1)
6.5 Efficient Interference Management Strategy in UDNs
97(4)
6.5.1 Implementation Detail
97(2)
6.5.2 Performance Evaluation
99(2)
6.6 Open Issues of Interference Management
101(3)
6.6.1 Interference Management in mmWave Systems
101(1)
6.6.2 Interference Management in NOMA Systems
101(2)
6.6.3 Self-Organizing Interference Management
103(1)
6.7 Concluding Remarks
104(1)
References
104(3)
7 3D-Based Base Station Deployment in Ultra-dense Networks
107(20)
Hewon Cho
Dongsun Kim
Jemin Lee
7.1 Introduction
107(2)
7.2 Multilayer UDN Model
109(5)
7.2.1 Network Description
109(2)
7.2.2 Base Station Association Rule
111(3)
7.3 Performance Analysis
114(4)
7.3.1 Network Interference
114(1)
7.3.2 Coverage Probability
115(3)
7.3.3 Area-Spectral Efficiency
118(1)
7.4 Numerical Results and Discussions
118(6)
7.4.1 Performance of the Single-Layer UDN
118(4)
7.4.2 Performance of the Multilayer UDN
122(2)
7.5 Conclusions
124(1)
References
124(3)
8 Power Control in Full-duplex Ultra-dense Heterogeneous Networks
127(14)
Guobin Zhang
Haijun Zhang
Zhu Han
George K. Karagiannidis
8.1 Introduction
127(2)
8.2 System Model
129(6)
8.2.1 Problem Formulation
130(5)
8.3 Simulation and Discussion
135(3)
8.4 Conclusion
138(1)
References
138(3)
Part III Resource Allocation and Network Management
141(160)
9 Delay and Traffic Matching in Ultra-dense Networks
143(21)
Yi Zhong
Howard H. Yang
Jianhua Tang
9.1 System Model for Spatiotemporal Traffic
143(4)
9.1.1 Models Based on Stochastic Geometry and Queueing Theory
144(1)
9.1.2 Transmission Model
145(1)
9.1.3 Bounding Approaches
146(1)
9.2 Delay Analysis in Ultra-dense Networks
147(9)
9.2.1 Challenges of Delay Analysis in UDNs
149(2)
9.2.2 Promising Approaches
151(5)
9.3 Traffic Matching in Ultra-dense Networks
156(7)
9.3.1 Need for Matching the Traffic in UDNs
157(1)
9.3.2 Useful Approaches to Match Traffic
158(4)
9.3.3 Handle Spatiotemporal Traffic in UDNs
162(1)
References
163(1)
10 Traffic Offloading in Software Defined Ultra-dense Networks
164(29)
Jun Du
Chunxiao Jiang
Erol Gelenbe
Haijun Zhang
Yong Ren
10.1 Introduction
164(2)
10.2 Architecture of Software-Defined Wireless Networks
166(1)
10.3 Contract Formulation for Traffic Offloading
167(4)
10.3.1 Transmission Model Formulation
168(1)
10.3.2 Economic Model Formulation
169(2)
10.4 Contract Design for Traffic Offloading
171(4)
10.4.1 Contract Design with Information Asymmetry
172(2)
10.4.2 Contract Design without Information Asymmetry
174(1)
10.4.3 Contract Design by Linear Pricing
174(1)
10.5 Conditions for Contract Feasibility
175(5)
10.6 Simulation Results
180(9)
10.7 Conclusion
189(1)
10.8 Proof of Lemma 10.1
189(1)
10.9 Proof of Lemma 10.2
189(1)
References
190(3)
11 Resource Allocation in Ultra-dense Networks
193(16)
Chunguo Li
Yan Lin
Rong Zhang
Luxi Yang
Lajos Hanzo
11.1 Motivation and Scopes
193(1)
11.2 System Model
194(3)
11.3 Problem Formulation
197(1)
11.4 Overlapped UC Clustering
198(2)
11.5 Resource Allocation Solution
200(3)
11.5.1 Solution Portrayal
200(3)
11.5.2 Solution Analysis
203(1)
11.6 Numerical Simulations
203(4)
11.6.1 The Performance versus the Network Density
204(2)
11.6.2 The Performance versus the Number of RBs
206(1)
11.7 Conclusions
207(1)
References
207(2)
12 Wireless Edge Caching in Ultra-dense Networks
209(30)
Seong Ho Chae
Jun-Pyo Hong
Wan Choi
12.1 Introduction
209(1)
12.2 Caching at the Transmitter Side
210(18)
12.2.1 Deterministic Caching
211(4)
12.2.2 Random Caching
215(7)
12.2.3 Coded Caching
222(6)
12.3 Caching at the Receiver Side
228(9)
12.3.1 Caching for Transmit Load Reduction: Coded Multicast
228(5)
12.3.2 Caching for Playback Delay Reduction in Video Streaming Services
233(4)
References
237(2)
13 User Association in Ultra-dense Networks
239(20)
Haijun Zhang
Site Huang
Chunxiao Jiang
Keping Long
13.1 Introduction
239(1)
13.2 System Model and Problem Formulation
240(3)
13.2.1 System Model
240(1)
13.2.2 Problem Formulation
241(2)
13.3 Lagrangian Dual Decomposition
243(7)
13.3.1 Dual Decomposition
244(2)
13.3.2 Energy Efficiency and Power Allocation
246(2)
13.3.3 Iterative Gradient Algorithm
248(1)
13.3.4 Complexity Analysis
249(1)
13.4 Simulation Results and Discussion
250(5)
13.5 Conclusion
255(1)
References
256(3)
14 UAV-Based Ultra-dense Networks
259(18)
Jinlong Wang
Guoru Ding
Haichao Wang
Jin Chen
Feifei Gao
14.1 Channel Modeling
260(2)
14.1.1 Air-to-Ground Channel
260(1)
14.1.2 Cellular BS-to-UAV Channel
261(1)
14.2 UAV-Enabled Base Stations
262(5)
14.2.1 Static Deployment
262(3)
14.2.2 Dynamic Trajectory Planning
265(2)
14.3 UAV-Enabled Relays
267(2)
14.4 UAV-Enabled Energy Transfer
269(3)
14.4.1 Static Time Scheduling
269(1)
14.4.2 Dynamic Trajectory Planning
270(2)
14.5 Robust Spectrum Sharing with Terrestrial Networks
272(1)
14.6 Summary
273(1)
References
274(3)
15 Generalized Low-Rank Optimization for Ultra-dense Fog-RANs
277(24)
Yuanming Shi
Kai Yang
Yang Yang
15.1 Introduction
277(3)
15.1.1 Fog-RANs
277(1)
15.1.2 Generalized Low-Rank Models
278(1)
15.1.3 Low-Rank Optimization Algorithms
279(1)
15.1.4 Outline
280(1)
15.2 Generalized Low-Rank Models in Ultra-dense Fog-RANs
280(5)
15.2.1 A Generalized Low-Rank Framework
280(1)
15.2.2 Low-Rank Optimization Examples in Fog-RANs
281(4)
15.3 The Power of Nonconvex Paradigms for Ultra-dense Fog-RANs
285(3)
15.3.1 Low-Rank Optimization via Nonconvex Factorization
285(1)
15.3.2 The Framework of Riemannian Optimization
286(2)
15.3.3 Practical Implementation
288(1)
15.4 Matrix Optimization on Quotient Manifold
288(7)
15.4.1 Problem Structures for Fixed-Rank Matrices
289(1)
15.4.2 Matrix Representation for the Quotient Manifolds
290(3)
15.4.3 Riemannian Optimization Algorithms
293(1)
15.4.4 Convergence and Computational Complexity
294(1)
15.5 Numerical Results
295(2)
15.6 Summary and Discussion
297(1)
References
297(4)
Part IV Field Trials and Tests
301(14)
16 Field Trials and Tests on Ultra-dense Networks
303(12)
I. Chih-Lin
Jinri Huang
Ran Duan
16.1 UDN Prototype Test
303(4)
16.2 C-RAN-Based UDN Network Trial
307(6)
16.2.1 Test Results and Analysis
307(6)
16.3 Conclusion
313(1)
References
314(1)
Index 315
Haijun Zhang is a Professor in University of Science and Technology Beijing, China. He is also a Senior Member of IEEE. Jemin Lee is an Associate Professor at the department of Information and Communication Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Korea. Tony Q.S. Quek is a tenured Professor with the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), and co-editor of Cloud Radio Access Networks (Cambridge, 2017). Chih-Lin I is Chief Scientist for Wireless at China Mobile and co-author of Green and Software-defined Wireless Networks (Cambridge, 2019).
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