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E-raamat: Advances in Laser Materials Processing: Technology, Research and Applications

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Advances in Laser Materials Processing: Technology, Research and Application, Second Edition, provides a revised, updated and expanded overview of the area, covering fundamental theory, technology and methods, traditional and emerging applications and potential future directions.

The book begins with an overview of the technology and challenges to applying the technology in manufacturing. Parts Two thru Seven focus on essential techniques and process, including cutting, welding, annealing, hardening and peening, surface treatments, coating and materials deposition.

The final part of the book considers the mathematical modeling and control of laser processes. Throughout, chapters review the scientific theory underpinning applications, offer full appraisals of the processes described and review potential future trends.

  • A comprehensive practitioner guide and reference work explaining state-of-the-art laser processing technologies in manufacturing and other disciplines
  • Explores challenges, potential, and future directions through the continuous development of new, application-specific lasers in materials processing
  • Provides revised, expanded and updated coverage

Muu info

An overview of the science, technology and current and future applications of the multidisciplinary subject of laser materials processing
Contributors xv
Preface xix
1 "Light" Industry: An Overview of the Impact of Lasers on Manufacturing
1(22)
M. Sparkes
W.M. Steen
1.1 The Laser, and the Generation of a Mature Industry
1(6)
1.2 Economic Impact of Laser Materials Processing
7(1)
1.3 The Developing Application Space
8(9)
1.4 Future Predictions
17(6)
References
19(4)
2 The Challenges Ahead for Laser Macro, Micro and Nano Manufacturing
23(20)
J. Lawrence
L. Li
2.1 Introduction
23(1)
2.2 Laser Cutting
23(6)
2.3 Laser Welding
29(3)
2.4 Laser Drilling
32(2)
2.5 Laser Surface Engineering
34(1)
2.6 Additive Multiple Layer Manufacturing
35(1)
2.7 Micro/Nano Fabrication
36(4)
2.8 Fundamental Beam/Material Interactions and Process Modeling
40(1)
2.9 Laser Systems
41(1)
2.10 Conclusions
41(2)
References
42(1)
3 Laser Fusion Cutting of Difficult Materials
43(26)
J. Lawrence
A. Riveiro
F. Quintero
J. Pou
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 Principles Involved in Fusion Laser Cutting
44(1)
3.3 Experiences in Laser Cutting of Difficult Materials
45(5)
3.4 Attempts to Improve Cutting Process
50(12)
3.5 Conclusions
62(7)
Acknowledgments
62(1)
References
62(7)
4 Laser-Assisted Glass Cleaving
69(20)
J. Lawrence
Y.L. Kuo
J. Lin
4.1 Introduction
69(1)
4.2 The Multiple Laser System
70(1)
4.3 Numerical Simulation
71(3)
4.4 Numerical Results and Discussions
74(7)
4.5 Crack Propagation in Laser Cleaving
81(4)
4.6 Conclusions
85(4)
Acknowledgments
86(1)
References
86(1)
Further Reading
87(2)
5 Laser Dicing of Silicon and Electronics Substrates
89(32)
I. Mingareev
C. Fornaroli
A. Gillner
5.1 Introduction
89(1)
5.2 Industrial Dicing Processes for Silicon and Electronic Substrates
90(6)
5.3 Dicing of Silicon With Ultra-Fast Laser Radiation
96(7)
5.4 Explanation of Surface Phenomena During Laser Dicing Processes
103(2)
5.5 Factors Influencing the Aspect Ratio During Laser Dicing Processes
105(10)
5.6 Increasing Dicing Modification Depth Using High-Repetition-Rate Femtosecond Laser Radiation and Spatial Beam Shaping
115(6)
References
118(3)
6 Laser Machining of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Composites
121(32)
P. Jaschke
V. Wippo
S. Bluemel
R. Staehr
H. Dittmar
6.1 Introduction
121(3)
6.2 Welding of Thermoplastic Composites
124(8)
6.3 Cutting of Composite Structures
132(8)
6.4 Repair Preparation for Composites
140(7)
6.5 Process Emissions
147(6)
References
149(4)
7 Understanding and Improving Process Control in Pulsed and Continuous Wave Laser Welding
153(32)
J. Lawrence
S. Katayama
7.1 Introduction
153(1)
7.2 Laser Spot Welding Results, and Formation Mechanisms and Suppression Procedures of Welding Defects
154(12)
7.3 CW Laser Welding Results, and Formation Mechanisms and Suppression Procedures of Welding Defects
166(14)
7.4 Conclusions
180(5)
References
181(4)
8 Laser Microspot Welding in Electronics Production
185(18)
J. Lawrence
I. Mys
M. Schmidt
8.1 Introduction
185(1)
8.2 State-Of-The-Art
186(3)
8.3 Micro Welding of Copper and Aluminum
189(8)
8.4 Reliability of Copper-Aluminum Welded Joints
197(4)
8.5 Conclusions
201(2)
References
201(2)
9 Laser Arc Hybrid Welding
203(32)
B. Acherjee
9.1 Introduction
203(7)
9.2 Laser MIG/MAG Hybrid Welding
210(1)
9.3 Laser TIG Hybrid Welding
211(2)
9.4 Laser PAW Hybrid Welding
213(1)
9.5 Laser Arc Hybrid Welding Parameters
214(7)
9.6 Improvements of Performance Characteristics and Weld Quality
221(3)
9.7 Industrial Applications
224(3)
9.8 Safety
227(2)
9.9 Conclusion
229(6)
References
231(4)
10 Influencing the Weld Pool During Laser Welding
235(22)
S. Nothdurft
A. Springer
S. Kaierle
10.1 Introduction
235(3)
10.2 Approaches and Methods for Manipulating Weld-Pool Dynamics
238(6)
10.3 Ultrasound-Assisted Laser-Beam Welding
244(13)
Acknowledgments
254(1)
References
255(2)
11 Laser Transformation Hardening of Steel
257(42)
A.K. Nath
S. Sarkar
11.1 Introduction
257(11)
11.2 Recent Developments
268(23)
11.3 Future Trends
291(2)
11.4 Conclusion
293(6)
References
293(6)
12 Pulsed Laser Annealing Technology for Nano-Scale Fabrication of Silicon-Based Devices in Semiconductors
299(40)
J. Lawrence
K.L. Pey
P.S. Lee
12.1 Introduction
299(1)
12.2 Laser-Induced Formation of p/n Junction
300(22)
12.3 Laser-Induced Formation of Silicide
322(12)
12.4 Conclusions and Future Trends
334(5)
References
335(4)
13 Laser-Induced Forward Transfer Techniques and Applications
339(42)
M. Morales
D. Munoz-Martin
A. Marquez
S. Lauzurica
C. Molpeceres
13.1 Introduction
339(2)
13.2 LIFT Experimental Setup
341(3)
13.3 LIFT Physical Processes
344(8)
13.4 Variations of LIFT
352(5)
13.5 Applications of LIFT
357(13)
13.6 Conclusions
370(11)
Acknowledgments
371(1)
References
371(10)
14 Production of Biomaterial Coatings by Laser-Assisted Processes
381(32)
J. Lawrence
J. Pou
F. Lusquinos
R. Comesana
M. Boutinguiza
14.1 Introduction
381(1)
14.2 The Laser Way to Produce Coatings
382(1)
14.3 Pulsed Laser Deposition of Bioceramics
383(11)
14.4 Laser Cladding of Bioceramics
394(12)
14.5 Conclusions
406(7)
References
406(7)
15 Thick Metallic Coatings Produced by Coaxial and Side Laser Cladding: Processing and Properties
413(48)
J. Lawrence
V. Ocelik
J.T.M. De Hosson
15.1 Introduction
413(15)
15.2 Coaxial Laser Cladding Geometry and Theoretical Calculations
428(4)
15.3 Experimental Evaluation of Coaxial and Side Cladding Processes
432(3)
15.4 Statistical Relations Between Processing Parameters and Laser Track Geometry
435(9)
15.5 Microstructural Characteristics and Properties of Thick Metallic Coatings
444(11)
15.6 Conclusions
455(6)
Acknowledgments
457(1)
References
457(4)
16 Laser Consolidation---A Rapid Manufacturing Process for Making Net-Shape Functional Components
461(46)
L. Xue
16.1 Introduction
461(1)
16.2 Process Description
462(1)
16.3 Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser-Consolidated (LC) Materials
463(21)
16.4 Case Studies of Various Industrial Applications
484(17)
16.5 Future Trend of the Technology
501(6)
Acknowledgments
502(1)
References
502(5)
17 Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing Processes
507(34)
H. Sahasrabudhe
S. Bose
A. Bandyopadhyay
17.1 Introduction
507(2)
17.2 Techniques
509(5)
17.3 Materials Processed Using Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques
514(4)
17.4 Materials Used in Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing Techniques
518(8)
17.5 Applications
526(6)
17.6 Summary and Future Trends
532(9)
References
535(6)
18 Direct Infrared Laser Machining of Semiconductors for Electronics Applications
541(30)
I. Mingareev
L. Shah
M. Richardson
M. Ramme
18.1 Introduction
541(2)
18.2 Main Principles of Laser-Matter Interactions
543(7)
18.3 Infrared Ultrashort Pulse Laser Processing
550(7)
18.4 Infrared Nanosecond Pulse Laser Processing
557(10)
18.5 Summary
567(4)
References
569(2)
19 Laser Processing of Direct-Write Nano-Sized Materials
571(24)
J. Lawrence
O.F. Swenson
V. Marinov
19.1 Introduction
571(1)
19.2 Direct-Write Deposition of Nano-Sized Materials
572(4)
19.3 Background of Nano-Sized Materials Sintering
576(4)
19.4 Laser Sintering of Direct-Write Nano-Sized Materials
580(10)
19.5 Future Trends
590(1)
19.6 Sources of Further Information and Advice
591(4)
Acknowledgments
592(1)
References
592(3)
20 Micro- and Nano-Parts Generated by Laser-Based Solid Freeform Fabrication
595(40)
J. Lawrence
A. Ostendorf
A. Neumeister
S. Dudziak
S. Passinger
J. Stampfl
20.1 Introduction
595(3)
20.2 Manufacturing Based on Photopolymerization
598(16)
20.3 Materials for Micro Stereolithography and Two-Photon Laser Lithography
614(4)
20.4 Manufacturing Based on Sintering, Melting, and Cladding
618(10)
20.5 Materials for Micro Sintering, Melting, and Cladding
628(2)
20.6 Conclusions
630(5)
References
630(3)
Further Reading
633(2)
21 Laser-Assisted Additive Fabrication of Micro-Sized Coatings
635(30)
R.M. Mahamood
E.T. Akinlabi
21.1 Introduction
635(2)
21.2 Types of Micro-Sized Coatings and Their Areas of Applications
637(1)
21.3 Laser Based Additive Manufacturing for Micro-Sized Coatings
638(8)
21.4 Case Studies: Fabrication of Ti6Al4V and TiC/Ti6Al4V Composite on Ti6Al4V Substrate Using Laser Metal Deposition Process
646(15)
21.5 Summary
661(4)
Acknowledgments
661(1)
References
661(3)
Further Reading
664(1)
22 Multiphysics Modelling of Laser Solid Freeform Fabrication Techniques
665(28)
J. Lawrence
M. Alimardani
C.P. Paul
E. Toyserkani
A. Khajepour
22.1 Introduction
665(3)
22.2 Physics of LSFF
668(4)
22.3 Multiphysics Modelling of LSFF Processes
672(5)
22.4 Numerical Multiphysics Modelling---A Case Study
677(12)
22.5 Conclusions
689(4)
References
690(3)
23 Process Control of Laser Materials Processing
693(14)
J. Lawrence
R.T. Deam
23.1 Introduction
693(1)
23.2 Theory
694(5)
23.3 Experiments
699(1)
23.4 Experimental Results
700(3)
23.5 Discussion
703(2)
23.6 Conclusions
705(2)
Acknowledgments
706(1)
References
706(1)
24 Development of Laser Processing Technologies via Experimental Design
707(24)
H. Sohrabpoor
A. Issa
A. Al Hamaoy
I.U. Ahad
E. Chikarakara
K. Bagga
D. Brabazon
24.1 Introduction
707(2)
24.2 Design of Experiments (DoE) Methods
709(7)
24.3 Modeling and Optimization of Laser Processes With Nonconventional Approaches
716(2)
24.4 Experimental Analysis of Laser Processing
718(8)
24.5 Conclusion
726(5)
References
727(4)
25 Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Reliability of Laser-Machined Structures
731(32)
M. Mehrpouya
H. Lavvafi
A. Darafsheh
25.1 Introduction
731(1)
25.2 Laser Micromachining and Its Features
732(4)
25.3 Laser Sources for Laser Machining
736(6)
25.4 Methods of Microstructure and Surface Evaluation
742(4)
25.5 Mechanical Characteristics and Laser-Induced Thermal Effects
746(10)
25.6 Summary
756(7)
References
757(6)
Index 763
Professor Jonathan Lawrence is Director of the Laser Engineering and Manufacturing Group at Coventry University, and Editor-in-Chief of Lasers in Engineering and International Journal of Laser Science: Fundamental Theory and Analytical Methods. His work has attracted over £5M in research funding and yielded six patents. He has published eight books and over 140 journal papers.
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