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E-raamat: Advances in Structural Adhesive Bonding

Edited by (Professor, Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA)
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Adhesive bonding is often effective, efficient, and often necessary way to join mechanical structures. This important book reviews the most recent improvements in adhesive bonding and their wide-ranging potential in structural engineering.Part one reviews advances in the most commonly used groups of structural adhesives with chapters covering topics such as epoxy, polyurethane, silicone, cyanoacrylate, and acrylic adhesives. The second set of chapters covers the various types of adherends and pre-treatment methods for a range of structural materials such as metals, composites and plastics. Chapters in Part three analyse methods and techniques with topics on joint design, life prediction, fracture mechanics and testing. The final group of chapters gives useful and practical insights into the problems and solutions of adhesive bonding in a variety of hostile environments such as chemical, wet and extreme temperatures.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Advances in structural adhesive bonding is a standard reference for structural and chemical engineers in industry and the academic sector.

Arvustused

"well presented and an easy read. should appeal to adhesive specialists due its breadth of coverage and to manufacturing and design engineers who wish to gain an appreciation of new technology in adhesive joining." --Engineering Failure Analysis

"This book should serve as an excellent reference to anyone involved with structural adhesives., Materials World Overall, I found this to be an excellent book and it has already proved useful to me in my work. I would strongly recommend it to anyone with an interest in the area. 10/10." --Materials World

Contributor contact details xiii
Part I Adhesive selection
1 Key issues in selecting the right adhesive
3(17)
E. J. C. Kellar
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Adhesive chemistry
4(6)
1.3 Adhesive form and structure
10(1)
1.4 Adhesive cure mechanism
11(1)
1.5 Substrate compatibility
12(1)
1.6 Surface pretreatment
13(1)
1.7 Joint function and operating environment
13(1)
1.8 Joint design
14(1)
1.9 Manufacturing demands
14(1)
1.10 Quality control
14(1)
1.11 Testing and evaluation
15(1)
1.12 End of life requirements
16(1)
1.13 Aesthetics
16(1)
1.14 Adhesive selector software
16(1)
1.15 Internet provision
17(1)
1.16 Future trends
18(2)
2 Advances in epoxy adhesives
20(15)
K. J. Abbey
2.1 Introduction
20(1)
2.2 Main applications and limitations of epoxy adhesives
21(1)
2.3 Recent developments in epoxy adhesives
22(8)
2.4 Sources of further information and advice
30(1)
2.5 References
31(4)
3 Advances in polyurethane structural adhesives
35(31)
B. Burchardt
3.1 Introduction
35(3)
3.2 Characterisation of structural adhesives
38(10)
3.3 Chemistry
48(6)
3.4 Design principles
54(3)
3.5 Surface treatment strategy
57(1)
3.6 Applications for PUR adhesives
57(8)
3.7 Conclusions
65(1)
3.8 References
65(1)
4 Advances in structural silicone adhesives
66(30)
C. White
K. Tan
A. Wolf
L. Carbary
4.1 Introduction
66(1)
4.2 Properties of silicone structural adhesives
67(2)
4.3 Product forms and cure chemistry
69(5)
4.4 Silicone adhesive formulations
74(7)
4.5 Applications of silicone structural adhesives
81(8)
4.6 Conclusions
89(1)
4.7 Future trends
90(1)
4.8 Sources of further information and advice
90(1)
4.9 References
91(5)
5 Advances in anaerobic and cyanoacrylate adhesives
96(36)
P. Klemarczyk
J. Guthrie
5.1 Introduction to anaerobic adhesives
96(2)
5.2 Chemistry of anaerobic adhesives
98(5)
5.3 Recent developments in anaerobic adhesive technology
103(7)
5.4 Introduction to cyanoacrylate adhesives
110(4)
5.5 Cyanoacrylate adhesive formulations and adhesive types
114(10)
5.6 Advances in cyanoacrylate technology
124(2)
5.7 Summary
126(1)
5.8 Future trends
127(1)
5.9 Acknowledgement
127(1)
5.10 References
127(5)
6 Advances in acrylic structural adhesives
132(19)
P. C. Briggs
G. L. Jialanella
6.1 Introduction
132(5)
6.2 Classification of acrylic structural adhesives
137(3)
6.3 Advantages and disadvantages and unique characteristics of acrylic structural adhesives
140(5)
6.4 Applications of acrylic structural adhesives
145(4)
6.5 Manufacturers
149(1)
6.6 Future trends
149(1)
6.7 References
150(1)
7 Advances in nanoparticle reinforcement in structural adhesives
151(34)
A. C. Taylor
7.1 Introduction: opportunities and limitations in nanoparticle reinforcement
151(2)
7.2 Types of nanoparticles and their key attributes
153(5)
7.3 Methods of nanoparticle incorporation
158(3)
7.4 Typical property variations available through nanoparticle reinforcement
161(11)
7.5 Future trends
172(2)
7.6 Sources of further information and advice
174(1)
7.7 Conclusions
175(1)
7.8 References
176(9)
Part II Adherends, surfaces and pre-treatments
8 Improvements in bonding metals (steel, aluminium)
185(52)
A. Kwakernaak
J. Hofstede
J. Poulis
R. Benedictus
8.1 Introduction: key problems in metal bonding
185(1)
8.2 Developments in the range of adhesives for metal
186(10)
8.3 Developments in surface treatment techniques for metal
196(10)
8.4 Developments in joint design
206(14)
8.5 Developments in modelling and testing the effectiveness of adhesive bonded metal joints
220(8)
8.6 Future trends
228(1)
8.7 Sources of further information and advice
229(1)
8.8 References
230(7)
9 Advances in bonding plastics
237(28)
G. L. Jialanella
9.1 Introduction
237(1)
9.2 Adhesion mechanisms in bonding plastics
238(8)
9.3 Surface characteristics affecting plastic bonding
246(1)
9.4 Surface treatments used in bonding plastics
247(9)
9.5 Uses of organoboron chemistry in plastic bonding
256(2)
9.6 Limitations of plastic bonding
258(3)
9.7 Future trends
261(1)
9.8 References
262(3)
10 Bonding of polymer matrix composites
265(30)
K. D. Fernholz
10.1 Introduction
265(6)
10.2 Preteatment and surface characterization in composite bonding
271(3)
10.3 Composite joint design considerations
274(3)
10.4 Modeling and testing composite joints
277(4)
10.5 Future trends in aerospace and automotive composites
281(6)
10.6 Sources of further information and advice
287(1)
10.7 Acknowledgements
288(1)
10.8 References
288(7)
Part III Joint design
11 Selecting the right joint design and fabrication techniques
295(21)
K. Dilger
11.1 Introduction
295(1)
11.2 Basics
296(3)
11.3 Selecting the right joint design
299(2)
11.4 Fabrication techniques
301(1)
11.5 Joints for different materials
302(8)
11.6 Graphic representation of adhesive joints in engineering drawings
310(1)
11.7 Conclusions and outlook
311(2)
11.8 References
313(3)
12 Life prediction for bonded joints in composite material based on actual fatigue damage
316(34)
G. Meneghetti
M. Quaresimin
M. Ricotta
12.1 Introduction
316(2)
12.2 Recent results for fatigue behaviour of single lap bonded joints
318(4)
12.3 Overview and analysis of fatigue damage mechanics (nucleation and propagation)
322(10)
12.4 The life prediction model
332(1)
12.5 Generalised stress intensity factor (SIF) approach and assessment of the life to crack initiation
333(5)
12.6 The crack propagation phase
338(5)
12.7 Life prediction procedure and application
343(4)
12.8 Discussion and conclusions
347(1)
12.9 References
348(2)
13 Improving adhesive joint design using fracture mechanics
350(39)
D. A. Dillard
13.1 Introduction
350(4)
13.2 Fracture mechanics overview
354(3)
13.3 Measuring adhesion fracture energies
357(3)
13.4 Designing to resist fracture
360(7)
13.5 Issues related to mixed mode fracture
367(5)
13.6 Design insights from fracture mechanics
372(3)
13.7 Design implications of other singularities
375(1)
13.8 Numerical analysis
376(3)
13.9 Future trends
379(1)
13.10 Conclusions
380(1)
13.11 References
381(8)
14 Developments in testing adhesive joints
389(48)
B. Duncan
14.1 Introduction
389(3)
14.2 Current and emerging types of testing
392(18)
14.3 Specimen manufacture issues
410(5)
14.4 Test variables
415(6)
14.5 Detection of failure
421(3)
14.6 Case study in the use of joint tests: cryogenic liquid containment system
424(4)
14.7 Case study in the use of joint tests: using T joints to validate materials models
428(3)
14.8 Future trends
431(1)
14.9 Acknowledgements
432(1)
14.10 Sources of further information and advice
432(2)
14.11 References
434(3)
15 Advances in testing adhesively bonded composites
437(32)
J.-Y. Cognard
P. Davies
L. Sohier
15.1 Introduction
437(1)
15.2 State of the art
438(1)
15.3 Examples of results from traditional tests of adhesively bonded composites
439(10)
15.4 Modified Arcan test
449(7)
15.5 Characterization of composite assemblies with the modified Arcan test
456(7)
15.6 Conclusion and future trends
463(1)
15.7 References
464(5)
Part IV Environmental effects and durability of adhesives
16 Designing adhesive joints for fatigue and creep load conditions
469(47)
I. Ashcroft
P. Briskham
16.1 Introduction
469(3)
16.2 Fatigue in adhesive joints
472(12)
16.3 Creep in adhesive joints
484(13)
16.4 Creep--fatigue interactions in adhesive joints
497(2)
16.5 Applications of fatigue and creep analysis of adhesively bonded joints
499(11)
16.6 Overall summary and future trends
510(1)
16.7 References
511(5)
17 Improving bonding at high and low temperatures
516(31)
L. F. M. da Silva
17.1 Introduction: key problems caused by high and low temperature conditions
516(1)
17.2 Shrinkage of the adhesive
517(1)
17.3 Effect of differential thermal expansion
518(4)
17.4 Effect of temperature on adhesive properties
522(6)
17.5 Modelling high and low temperature conditions
528(4)
17.6 Experimental joint strength results in high and low temperature conditions
532(2)
17.7 Techniques for optimising adhesive bonds in high and low temperature conditions
534(6)
17.8 Summary and future trends
540(1)
17.9 Sources of further information and advice
541(1)
17.10 Acknowledgements
541(1)
17.11 References
542(5)
18 Assessing and improving bonding in wet conditions
547(27)
K. Tan
C. White
D. Hunston
B. Vogt
A. Haag
18.1 Introduction
547(1)
18.2 Testing and modeling adhesive bonds in wet conditions
548(11)
18.3 Techniques for optimizing adhesive bonds in wet conditions
559(8)
18.4 Future trends
567(1)
18.5 References
568(6)
19 Improving bonding in hostile chemical environments
574(43)
W. Broughton
19.1 Introduction
574(1)
19.2 Chemical agents and degradation mechanisms
575(12)
19.3 Chemical resistance testing
587(15)
19.4 Modelling and predictive analysis
602(4)
19.5 Optimizing chemical resistance of adhesive joints
606(2)
19.6 Future trends
608(1)
19.7 Sources of further information and advice
609(1)
19.8 Acknowledgements
609(1)
19.9 References
609(2)
19.10 Appendix: Standards
611(6)
Index 617
David A. Dillard is Adhesive and Sealant Science Professor, in the Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Department at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. He has worked extensively in the field of adhesive bonding, having experience in structural adhesives for aerospace, automotive, and infrastructure applications, adhesives and coatings for microelectronic applications, pressure sensitive adhesives, elastomeric adhesives and sealants, and polymeric membranes. Prof. Dillard has authored or co-authored over 185-refereed publications and regularly teaches courses in adhesion science, polymer viscoelasticity, and sustainable energy solutions. His research involves developing test methods and predictive models for understanding and estimating the performance and durability of polymeric materials, adhesives and bonded joints, using the principles of fracture mechanics and viscoelasticity. Over the past several years, he has become active in applying these concepts to sustainable energy products including proton exchange membrane fuel cells and solar photovoltaic applications. Prof. Dillard has received several awards in recognition of his research.