This work reviews the characterization of air quality as it pertains to specific emission sources and their environmental effect. Since emissions from multiple sources impact the same location, a multi-disciplinary approach is needed to relate atmospheric processes to terrestrial vegetation.
As global industrial expansions continue, air quality is no longer governed by isolated point sources (e.g., a single coal-fired power plant), but by source clusters or complexes. Although air quality regulations are designed to protect the environment against possible adverse effects, any mitigative measures through emission control must account for the specific source(s) of concern. This is complicated by the fact that multiple sources often emit the same air pollutant of environmental concern (for example, sulphur dioxide). To address these issues, atmospheric receptor models have been developed and are continually being improved. Receptor models allow the quantification of the contribution of individual air pollutant emission sources to the air quality at a given location. The benefits of any air quality control measures based on receptor modelling must be verified by assessing changes or betterment in environmental impacts. Until now, such an approach has not been well integrated and practiced. This book provides the needed concepts and methods in conducting the studies to establish cause and effect relationships under ambient conditions, which is valuable not only to industrialized nations, but also to the policy makers in developing nations.
• Offers approaches for identifying the emissions components from specific air pollution sources
• Details methods for using pollutant accumulation in plants for ecological effects assessment
• Establishes cause (air quality) and effect (plant responses) relationships under ambient conditions
This work reviews the characterization of air quality as it pertains to specific emission sources and their environmental effect. Since emissions from multiple sources impact the same location, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to relate atmospheric processes to terrestrial vegetation. As global industrial expansions continue, air quality is no longer governed by isolated point sources (e.g., a single coal-fired power plant), but by source clusters or complexes. To address these issues, atmospheric receptor models have been developed and are continually being improved. The benefits of any air quality control measures based on receptor modeling must be verified by assessing changes or bettering in environmental impacts. Until now, such an approach has not been well integrated and practiced. This book provides the needed concepts and methods in conducting the studies to establish cause-and-effect relationships under ambient conditions, which is valuable to policy makers both in industrialized and developing nations.
• Offers approaches for identifying the emissions components from specific air pollution sources
• Details methods for using pollutant accumulation in plants for ecological effects assessment
• Establishes cause (air quality) and effect (plant responses) relationships under ambient conditions
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The first book to examine the relationship between the contributions of individual air pollutant emission sources and ecological effects.
1. Introduction - Allan H. Legge
2. Theory and Application of Atmospheric Source Apportionment - Philip Hopke
3. Use of Trace Metals as Source Fingerprints - Richard L. Poirot
4. Plants as Accumulators of Atmospheric Emissions - J. Neil Cape
5. Relating Source-Specific Atmospheric Sulfur Dioxide Inputs to Ecological
Effects Assessment in a Complex Terrain - José Luis Palau, Sagar Krupa,
Vicent Calatayud, Maria Sanz and Millán Millán
6. Negative vs. Positive Functional Plant Responses to Air Pollution: a Study
Establishing CauseEffect Relationships of SO2 and H2S - L. J. De Kok, L.
Yang, C. E. E. Stuiver, and I. Stulen
7. Hormesis: Its Relevance in Phytotoxicology - H.-J. Jäger and S. V. Krupa
8. Evaluating Ozone Effects on Growth of Mature Trees with High Resolution
Dendrometer Systems - S. B. McLaughlin and M. Nosal
9. Methods for Measuring Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition Inputs in Arid and
Montane Ecosystems of Western North America - M.E. Fenn, J.O. Sickman, A.
Bytnerowicz, D.W. Clow, N.P. Molotch, J.E. Pleim, G.S. Tonnesen, K.C.
Weathers, P.E. Padgett, and D.H. Campbell
10. Air Quality Changes in an Urban Region as Inferred from Tree-Ring Stable
Isotopes - M. M. Savard, C. Bégin, J. Marion, J.-C. Aznar, and A. Smirnoff
11. Lichen Monitoring of Urban Air Quality, Hamilton, Ontario - D. P.
McCarthy, B. Craig, and U. Brand
12. Ozone Exposure-Based Growth Response Models for Trembling Aspen and White
Birch - K. E. Percy, M. Nosal, W. Heilmanc, J. Sober, T. Dann and D. F.
Karnosky
13. Closing Remarks - Sagar Krupa and Allan H. Legge
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