Preface |
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xi | |
Acknowledgments |
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xiii | |
About the Companion Website |
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xv | |
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1 Introduction to Analog and Mixed-Signal Electronics |
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1 | (7) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Organization of the Book |
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3 | (5) |
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1.2.1 Chapter 2: Basics of Electronic Components and Devices |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Chapter 3: Linear System Analysis |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Chapter 4: Nonlinearities in Analog Electronics |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.4 Chapter 5: Op Amp Circuits in Analog Electronics |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.5 Chapter 6: The High-Gain Analog Filter Amplifier |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.6 Chapter 7: Waveform Generation |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.7 Chapter 8: Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.8 Chapter 9: Phase-Locked Loops |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.9 Chapter 10: Power Electronics |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.10 Chapter 11: High-Frequency (Radio-Frequency) Electronics |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.11 Chapter 12: Electromagnetic Compatibility |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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2 Basics of Electronic Components and Devices |
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8 | (25) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (6) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (18) |
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15 | (2) |
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2.3.2 Field-Effect Transistors |
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17 | (5) |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (5) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (3) |
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3 Linear Systems Analysis |
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33 | (29) |
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3.1 Basics of Linear Systems |
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33 | (15) |
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3.1.1 Two-Terminal Component Models |
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34 | (8) |
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3.1.2 Two-Port Matrix Analysis |
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42 | (6) |
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3.2 Noise and Linear Systems |
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48 | (14) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (3) |
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Project Problem: Measurement of Inductor Characteristics |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (3) |
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4 Nonlinearities in Analog Electronics |
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62 | (16) |
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4.1 Why All Amplifiers Are Nonlinear |
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62 | (1) |
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4.2 Effects of Small Nonlinearity |
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63 | (6) |
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4.2.1 Second-Order Nonlinearity |
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63 | (4) |
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4.2.2 Third-Order Nonlinearity |
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67 | (2) |
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4.3 Large-Scale Nonlinearity: Clipping |
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69 | (5) |
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4.4 The Big Picture: Dynamic Range |
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74 | (4) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (2) |
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5 Op Amp Circuits in Analog Electronics |
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78 | (46) |
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78 | (2) |
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80 | (8) |
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5.2.1 Ideal Equivalent-Circuit Model |
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80 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Internal Block Diagram of Typical Op Amp |
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81 | (4) |
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5.2.3 Op Amp Characteristics |
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85 | (3) |
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5.3 Analog Circuits Using Op Amps |
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88 | (36) |
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5.3.1 Linear Op Amp Circuits |
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92 | (13) |
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5.3.2 Nonlinear Op Amp Circuits |
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105 | (10) |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (9) |
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6 The High-Gain Analog Filter Amplifier |
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124 | (51) |
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6.1 Applications of High-Gain Filter Amplifiers |
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124 | (6) |
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6.1.1 Audio-Frequency Applications |
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125 | (1) |
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6.1.2 Sensor Applications |
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126 | (4) |
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6.2 Issues in High-Gain Amplifier Design |
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130 | (4) |
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6.2.1 Dynamic-Range Problems |
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130 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Oscillation Problems |
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131 | (3) |
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6.3 Poles, Zeroes, Transfer Functions, and All That |
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134 | (3) |
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6.4 Passive Analog Filters |
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137 | (12) |
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6.4.1 One-Pole Lowpass Filter |
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137 | (4) |
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6.4.2 One-Pole, One-Zero Highpass Filter |
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141 | (2) |
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6.4.3 Complex-Pole Bandpass Filter |
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143 | (6) |
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149 | (1) |
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6.5 Active Analog Filters |
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149 | (15) |
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6.5.1 Sallen--Key Lowpass Filter with Butterworth Response |
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150 | (8) |
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6.5.2 Biquad Filter with Lowpass, Bandpass, or Highpass Response |
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158 | (4) |
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6.5.3 Switched-Capacitor Filters |
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162 | (2) |
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6.6 Design Example: Electric Guitar Preamp |
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164 | (11) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (6) |
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175 | (50) |
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175 | (1) |
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7.2 "Linear" Sine-Wave Oscillators and Stability Analysis |
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176 | (17) |
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7.2.1 Stable and Unstable Circuits: An Example |
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176 | (4) |
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7.2.2 Poles and Stability |
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180 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Nyquist Stability Criterion |
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181 | (5) |
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7.2.4 The Barkhausen Criterion |
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186 | (3) |
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7.2.5 Noise in Oscillators |
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189 | (4) |
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7.3 Types of Feedback-Loop Quasilinear Oscillators |
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193 | (11) |
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195 | (3) |
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7.3.2 Quartz-Crystal Resonators and Oscillators |
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198 | (4) |
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7.3.3 MEMS Resonators and Oscillators |
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202 | (2) |
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7.4 Types of Two-State or Relaxation Oscillators |
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204 | (5) |
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7.4.1 Astable Multivibrator |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (2) |
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7.5 Design Aid: Single-Frequency Series--Parallel and Parallel--Series Conversion Formulas |
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209 | (2) |
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7.6 Design Example: BJT Quartz-Crystal Oscillator |
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211 | (14) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (6) |
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8 Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion |
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225 | (44) |
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225 | (1) |
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8.2 Analog and Digital Signals |
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226 | (9) |
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8.2.1 Analog Signals and Measurements |
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226 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Accuracy, Precision, and Resolution |
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227 | (3) |
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8.2.3 Digital Signals and Concepts: The Sampling Theorem |
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230 | (4) |
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8.2.4 Signal Measurements and Quantum Limits |
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234 | (1) |
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8.3 Basics of Analog-to-Digital Conversion |
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235 | (7) |
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235 | (2) |
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8.3.2 Output Filtering and Oversampling |
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237 | (2) |
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8.3.3 Resolution and Speed of ADCs |
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239 | (3) |
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8.4 Examples of ADC Circuits |
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242 | (11) |
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242 | (2) |
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8.4.2 Successive-Approximation Converter |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (5) |
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8.4.4 Dual-Slope Integration ADC |
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250 | (2) |
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8.4.5 Other ADC Approaches |
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252 | (1) |
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8.5 Examples of DAC Circuits |
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253 | (6) |
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255 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Switched-Capacitor DAC |
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256 | (2) |
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258 | (1) |
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8.6 System-Level ADC and DAC Operations |
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259 | (10) |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (7) |
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269 | (29) |
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269 | (1) |
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270 | (1) |
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9.3 Control Theory for PLLs |
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271 | (9) |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (6) |
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280 | (6) |
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9.4.1 Phase Detector 1: Exclusive-OR |
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280 | (2) |
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9.4.2 Phase Detector 2: Charge Pump |
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282 | (3) |
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285 | (1) |
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9.5 Loop Locking, Tuning, and Related Issues |
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286 | (2) |
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9.6 PLLs in Frequency Synthesizers |
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288 | (1) |
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9.7 Design Example Using CD4046B PLL IC |
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289 | (9) |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (4) |
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298 | (72) |
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298 | (2) |
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10.2 Applications of Power Electronics |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (37) |
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10.3.1 Power-Supply Characteristics and Definitions |
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300 | (3) |
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10.3.2 Primary Power Sources |
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303 | (3) |
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10.3.3 AC-to-DC Conversion in Power Supplies |
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306 | (3) |
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10.3.4 Linear Voltage Regulators for Power Supplies |
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309 | (9) |
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10.3.5 Switching Power Supplies and Regulators |
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318 | (19) |
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337 | (23) |
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10.4.1 Class A Power Amplifier |
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338 | (8) |
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10.4.2 Class B Power Amplifier |
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346 | (1) |
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10.4.3 Class AB Power Amplifier |
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347 | (8) |
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10.4.4 Class D Power Amplifier |
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355 | (5) |
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10.5 Devices for Power Electronics: Speed and Switching Efficiency |
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360 | (10) |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (1) |
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363 | (7) |
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11 High-Frequency (RF) Electronics |
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370 | (76) |
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11.1 Circuits at Radio Frequencies |
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370 | (2) |
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372 | (3) |
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11.3 Special Characteristics of RF Circuits |
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375 | (1) |
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11.4 RF Transmission Lines, Filters, and Impedance-Matching Circuits |
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376 | (24) |
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11.4.1 RF Transmission Lines |
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376 | (9) |
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11.4.2 Filters for Radio-Frequency Interference Prevention |
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385 | (2) |
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11.4.3 Transmitter and Receiver Filters |
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387 | (2) |
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11.4.4 Impedance-Matching Circuits |
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389 | (11) |
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400 | (16) |
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11.5.1 RF Amplifiers for Transmitters |
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400 | (6) |
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11.5.2 RF Amplifiers for Receivers |
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406 | (10) |
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11.6 Other RF Circuits and Systems |
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416 | (17) |
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417 | (3) |
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11.6.2 Phase Shifters and Modulators |
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420 | (3) |
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423 | (1) |
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11.6.4 Oscillators and Multipliers |
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423 | (3) |
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11.6.5 Transducers for Photonics and Other Applications |
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426 | (2) |
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428 | (5) |
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433 | (13) |
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435 | (1) |
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435 | (11) |
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12 Electromagnetic Compatibility |
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446 | (43) |
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12.1 What is Electromagnetic Compatibility? |
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446 | (2) |
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12.2 Types of EMI Problems |
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448 | (6) |
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12.2.1 Communications EMI |
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448 | (5) |
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12.2.2 Noncommunications EMI |
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453 | (1) |
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12.3 Modes of EMI Transfer |
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454 | (11) |
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454 | (2) |
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12.3.2 Electric Fields (Capacitive EMI) |
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456 | (2) |
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12.3.3 Magnetic Fields (Inductive EMI) |
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458 | (3) |
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12.3.4 Electromagnetic Fields (Radiation EMI) |
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461 | (4) |
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465 | (14) |
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12.4.1 Bypassing and Filtering |
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465 | (5) |
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470 | (4) |
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474 | (5) |
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12.5 Designing with EMI and EMC in Mind |
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479 | (10) |
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12.5.1 EMC Regulators and Regulations |
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479 | (1) |
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12.5.2 Including EMC in Designs |
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479 | (2) |
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481 | (1) |
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481 | (8) |
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Appendix Test Equipment for Analog and Mixed-Signal Electronics |
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489 | (14) |
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489 | (1) |
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A.2 Laboratory Power Supplies |
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490 | (2) |
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A.3 Digital Volt-Ohm-Milliammeters |
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492 | (2) |
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494 | (2) |
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496 | (3) |
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A.6 Arbitrary Waveform Generators |
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499 | (1) |
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A.7 Other Types of Analog and Mixed-Signal Test Equipment |
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500 | (3) |
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500 | (1) |
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501 | (1) |
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501 | (2) |
Index |
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503 | |